Showing papers in "Applied Clay Science in 2007"

TL;DR: This paper first reviews the studies on drug–clay interactions, and then those focused on the applications of natural clays and their semi-synthetic or synthetic derivatives to carry out specific functions in new drug delivery systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, the pharmaceutical and biological applications of clays, clay minerals and layered double hydroxides (LDHs) are discussed for possible future developments in cosmetics, pharmaceutics, medicine as well as information storage.

TL;DR: In this article, the beneficial and harmful effects of layered double hydroxides upon human health are summarized and a summary of the fields in which they could be applied to prevent public health is also provided.

TL;DR: A review of surface modification of the clay minerals with polymers via physical adsorption and chemical grafting can be found in this article, where the authors show that surface modification can improve their surface physical and chemical properties so the modified clay minerals could be applied as catalysts, adsorbents, in composite materials, and so on.

TL;DR: In this article, the use of waste fiber materials such as scrap tire rubber, polyethylene, and polypropylene fiber for the modification of clayey soils was evaluated and the strength and dynamic behavior of the reinforced soils with randomly included waste fiber material was investigated.

TL;DR: A review of the different pharmacopoeias, rules and regulations affecting the use of these natural products, whose denominations in the commercial sphere vary significantly, is given in this article, where particular attention is also paid to the different safety aspects associated with their processing, handling and administration.

TL;DR: The thermal stability of seven organically modified montmorillonites (organoclays) has been investigated using differential thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry in conjunction with X-ray diffractometry as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the properties of clay mineral dispersions and the different functions derived from those properties, providing examples of applications in products intended to fulfil health care aims, are reviewed and compared.

TL;DR: In this article, the physicochemical (reaction) factors to explain the general basic causes of the deterioration of support capability for these types of soils are used, which can be combined with X-ray diffraction testing to provide a set of practical ways to monitor the possibilities of these failures.

TL;DR: In this paper, the surface charge of chitosan-montmorillonite was determined by particle charge detector and showed that the observed surface charge is lower than the adsorbed amount of tannin.

TL;DR: In this paper, the adsorption mechanisms of Pb 2+, Cd 2+ and Sr 2+ ions on natural sepiolite and the influence of acid treatment on the advertisersorption capacity were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, quaternary phosphonium cations (hexadecyl tributyphosphonium; tetradecyl tetraphenylphosphoneium; tetraplastic tributylphophosphoniam; methyl triphenyl-phosphonic acid; ethyl triphenylonphosphoniophotonium; propyltriphenyl phononium and propyl triphensylphonium) were intercalated into montmorillonite (MMT) rich bentonite of Indian origin.

TL;DR: Medical geology is an emergent field of science that for some authors deals with the relationships between the geological environment and health problems in humans, animals and plants as discussed by the authors, which is a multidisciplinary scientific field shared by specialists of distinct areas and scientific domains, such as earth sciences, environmental sciences, medicine, public health, biology, biochemistry, chemistry, pharmacy, nutrition.

TL;DR: In this paper, the intercalation of ibuprofen (IBU) into montmorillonite as a sustained release drug carrier was investigated and the results showed that IBU was released from MMT steadily and pH dependent.

TL;DR: In this paper, the adsorption properties of local clinoptilolite (Serbia) towards Cs +, Co 2+, and Sr 2+ were investigated by batch equilibration technique.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the factors influencing the size of the LDH crystals by using two kinds of starting metal salts (Cl − and NO 3 − salts) and two types of ammonia-releasing reagents (ARRs), urea and HMT(hexamethylenetetramine).

TL;DR: In this article, the influence of pH between 7.5 and 10.0 M on the type of particle association of the montmorillonite particles was investigated, and the effect of pH and electrolyte concentration is significant, affecting the rheology, the three Herschel-Bulkley parameters and apparent viscosity.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a network of specialized laboratories for the certification after standard criteria of the quality and suitability of peloid muds, and to appoint an European Master for assisting the physicians in selecting the peloids in view of treatments focused on different pathologies.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effectiveness of surfactant-modified bentonite (SMB) in removing humic acid (HA) from wastewaters was evaluated using the pseudo-first-order kinetic model.

TL;DR: In this article, the adsorption mechanisms of metal cations on the surfaces of clay minerals and other minerals are investigated in aqueous solutions to elucidate their removal behaviors by LDH.

TL;DR: In this paper, a formamide intercalation test was performed on 3 clay fractions (0.1, 0.1-1, and 1-2 mu m) re-extracted from the stored soil and X-ray diffraction showed that the hydrated halloysite, initially present (in the fresh sample), is totally dehydrated after storage.

TL;DR: In this paper, the enzymes α-amylase, glucoamylases and invertase were applied to acid activated montmorillonite (K 10) via adsorption and grafting using glutaraldehyde as spacer.

TL;DR: In this article, metal ion removal from water by coagulation-flocculation of the chitosan-montmorillonite system was investigated through factorial 3 3 experimental designs.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of short milling (2 × 10 min) of two fractions of kaolinite, previously expanded by intercalation with 20 wt.% and 40 wt% urea (U) and exfoliated/delaminated using low-temperature procedures, were studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the hydration of layered double hydroxides (LDHs) was investigated by changing the interlayer anion species, the Mg/Al ratio of the LDH hosts and the relative humidity (RH).

TL;DR: In this article, the adsorption tests were carried out at 30°C following two different stirring conditions: a) using a thermostatic bath with mechanical stirring at a speed of 52rpm or b) in a sonicator bath under ultrasound waves.

TL;DR: In this paper, reactions with aqueous sodium hydroxide of eight different kaolinites and of metakaolinites derived from them were studied under hydrothermal conditions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the adsorption experiments were carried out as a function of time, pH, and the adsorbate concentration, and it was found that F − uptake by hydrotalcite-like compounds was much stronger than their precursors.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparative study of adsorption of the four compounds on each SMPC adsorbent shows the high adorption capacity of diuron in comparison with its degradation products.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the clays forming as a result of completely weathering dacitic rock in Kanlica (Giresun) and surroundings were investigated in association with landslides and determined mitigation measures for landslide.