Architectural research 

About: Architectural research is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Architecture & Finite element method. It has an ISSN identifier of 1229-6163. It is also open access. Over the lifetime, 255 publications have been published receiving 629 citations.

Preface for the First English Edition

Abstract: Soils provide us with food, feed, fiber, and fuel. Furthermore, they support many different forms of life on Earth. This book aims to promote the understanding of soils, their development, their functions and their distribution, and enable closer contact with this important natural resource. For most of the chapters, the first English edition of this soil science textbook represents a translation of the German 16th edition published in 2010, originating from the first edition in German in 1937. In keeping with the organization and contents that made the German editions bestsellers, the textbook covers all major aspects of soil science. However, the chapters on soil development and classification and soil geography were completely revised and adapted to international classification systems. A number of figures have also been redrawn and revised for the first English edition. This textbook aims to provide an up-to-date account of the current state of knowledge in soil science. This textbook is designed as a basic textbook for use in soil science courses and other courses that explore current developments in this field and is an invaluable resource for students in agriculture, forestry, ecology, and environmental sciences. It will also be very useful as a basic work that provides scientists and professionals with a profound introduction to specific topics as well as the most relevant literature. It will guide students through soil physical, chemical, and biological processes and introduce them to soil geography, soil classification, and threats to soil functions. This book represents a joint effort by German authors who have diverse complementary backgrounds in soil science and who developed this book over the past decades. The group of authors has worked closely together, creating a textbook that has continuity in depth and style and that is state of the art at the time of publishing. The authors wish to thank the publisher for their excellent cooperation. We hope that the present and future generations will use the knowledge in this book for a better understanding of soils. We welcome any comments from all those who use this text. The authors acknowledge the eminent help by Jacinda Richman, Annett Büttner, and the publisher along the way to realizing this edition.

Structural Performance of Steel Pipe Splice for SD500 High-strength Reinforcing Bar under Cyclic Loading

Abstract: It is the purpose of this study to evaluate the structural performance of steel pipe splice for SD500 high-strength reinforcing bar, through a cyclic loading test. The experimental variables adopted in this study include the development length of rebar, the type of sleeve, and size of reinforcing bar, among others. The results of this study showed that the developed steel pipe splice system for SD500 high-strength reinforcing bar, retained the structural performance required in domestic, ACI and AIJ code. It is considered that the study result presented in this paper can be helpful in developing a reasonable design method for a steel pipe splice system for SD500 high-strength reinforcing bar.

Space and Power

Abstract: The changes of prison facilities in the age of Enlightenment and Industrial Revolution, implies viewpoints architectural space as a representation of power. The aim of the study is to examine the structuralistic approach based on two authors of Michel Foucault and Robin Evans. Both texts are summarized and analyzed to make comparison. While Foucault concentrates upon the ideas relating to punishment which preceded and led to the prison being adopted, Evans regards the reality of punishment as it was executed in its architectural context. The study compares the fundamental difference between the two texts; the approach that each author takes with regard to the central issue of the history of penality. These two different interpretations dictate the framework of each discourse and has resulted a number of different notions of ideas. By comparing divergence and convergence of the texts, the study analyzes each author’s methodology, theoretical position and notions of prison. Keywords are also extracted to articulate the study and each author’s arguments as well.

Health Supportive Design in Elderly Care Homes

Abstract: The objective of this research study was twofold; 1) to explore and identify health supportive design factors in Swedish elderly care homes and 2) to understand their usefulness and suggest implication in Korean elderly care settings. A descriptive and explorative method was applied using a combination of field studies and semi-structured interviews. Three study trips were carried out during Sept. 14 th and Oct. 12 th 2005; two facilities situated in Stockholm suburbs and one in the south of Sweden. According to this research, the valuable factors to support health and well-being for the elderly are as follows; 1) Community integration: These elderly care homes are generally places close to a residential area center or a city center. Services are often shared between residents and community members at large, consequently there is a flow of “visitors” of all ages connecting with the facility on a daily basis. 2) Homelike environment: A noteworthy aspect of Swedish elderly care homes is keeping the facility appearance as homelike as possible. The associations with home may be explored through the appearance and configuration of both the exterior and interior of the building. These homes seemed to be designed with a conscious aim to create a homelike setting. 3) Small scale approach: Clustering of resident rooms is one method through which the small scale approach can be achieved in larger facilities. With unit clusters, the facility can foster opportunities for social interactions among resident. 4) Accessibility to garden and nature: The courtyard is a well developed concept in planning elderly care homes in Sweden. They are generally safe and easily accessible to the residents. Studying Swedish models may provide practical knowledge of how the physical setting may improve resident’s health in Korean elderly care homes.

Why Do People Move to Cohousing Communities in Sweden? - Are there any Significant Differences Between the +40 Cohousing and the Mixed-Age Cohousing?

Abstract: Cohousing is based on collaborative network, or fictive kin in the community. It could facilitate the goal of self-sufficiency. This research aims to investigate the motivation of move to cohousing communities in Sweden, and to find out if there are any significant differences according to two different cohousing types; between the +40 cohousing and the mixed-age cohousing. The +40 cohousing is a kind of senior cohousing in which residents are supposed to be aged over 40. Questionnaire survey was applied and 242 collected data were analyzed by SPSS statistical program. Notable differences in demographic and dwelling variables are found between the 2 groups. There are more women, singles, academics, and small dwellings in the +40 cohousing than in the mixed-age cohousing. Referring motivation of move, "sharing common activity" and "idea of cohousing" are commonly noticed as the main reasons why people move to cohousing communities. Major difference between the 2 groups is that residents of the +40 cohousing tend to stress more on social interaction with neighbors than practical merit. On the contrary, ones of the mixed-age cohousing focus more on practical advantage than social interaction. As a conclusion, it is evident that motivation of move to cohousing communities is different by cohousing types, which have different residents' characteristics. Cohousing could contribute to elevate marginal group's quality of life as an alternative living environment. Therefore, cohousing design has to be tailored to adapt residents' specific needs of different life-stages. In order to implement cohousing model into other countries, for instance into Korea, it needs to experiment with the notion of transplanting selected cohousing principles to a public housing development. In the mixed-age cohousing where more dual income families with young children than conventional housing developments reside, residents would need more practical advantage than emotional support in the community, while as residents in the senior cohousing need vice versa.