Showing papers in "Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics in 1999"

TL;DR: P450 induction by xenobiotics may in some cases lead to a perturbation of endogenous regulatory circuits with associated pathophysiological consequences, leading to the proposal that these receptors may primarily serve to modulate hepatic P450 activity in response to endogenous dietary or hormonal stimuli.

TL;DR: The biosynthesis of cholesterol in bacteria is discussed in relation to CYP51 as a lanosterol 14 alpha-demethylase, which may have been the first eukaryotic P450.

TL;DR: Results show that hydrogen bonding between carbohydrate and protein is necessary to prevent dehydration-induced protein damage, however, hydrogen bonding alone is not sufficient to protect proteins during lyophilization in the absence of adequate freezing protection.

TL;DR: A protective effect of lutein and zeaxanthin against oxidative damage of egg yolk lecithin liposomal membranes induced by exposure to UV radiation and incubation with 2, 2'-azobis(2-methypropionamidine)dihydrochloride, a water-soluble peroxidation initiator, was studied.

TL;DR: The data suggest that the exposure of the aromatic ring to the surface of the protein, the location of the tyrosine on a loop structure, and its association with a neighboring negative charge are some of the factors determining the selectivity of tyrosin nitration in proteins.

TL;DR: The role of load-induced flow of interstitial fluid in the stimulation of aggrecan production during dynamic loading of cartilage is reinforced.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the aminocarbonyl radical is likely to be the species responsible for the effects of urate in amplifying peroxynitrite-mediated oxidation of liposomes and LDL, which was monitored by the formation of lipid peroxides and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances.

TL;DR: The selective alteration of IFM during aging raises the possibility that the consequences of aging-induced mitochondrial dysfunction will be enhanced in specific subcellular regions of the senescent myocyte, while SSM provide an inherent control group of mitochondria that are free ofaging-related alterations in oxidative function.

TL;DR: A functional SAMT protein with properties nearly identical to those of the plant-purified enzyme is synthesized in E. coli and it does show significant sequence similarity to proteins encoded by at least seven Arabidopsis thaliana genes whose sequences have recently been determined in large-scale sequencing projects.

TL;DR: It is suggested that complete inactivation of MnSOD by ONOO- can occur independent of the active site tyrosine residue and includes not only nitration of critical tyrosines residues but also tyrosin oxidation and subsequent formation of dityrosine.

TL;DR: The results support the conclusion that superoxide is generated in the mitochondria in vivo and under physiological conditions and that MnSOD is the primary defense against this toxicity.

TL;DR: With a better understanding of the structure/function relationship of P 450s, one will be better able to modify P450s to metabolize the substrates of choice or produce needed valuable chemicals.

TL;DR: The molecular cloning, tissue distribution, and xenobiotic regulation of a rat PXR designated rPXR-1 is described, providing the molecular basis that rats and mice have a similar CYP3A induction profile but differ from humans.

TL;DR: Using a functional genomics approach, a cDNA encoding a 2-hydroxyisoflavanone synthase from soybean is characterized and transcripts are strongly induced in alfalfa cell suspensions in response to elicitation.

TL;DR: It is suggested that any PTP possessing the CXXXXXR active-site sequence could potentially be inactivated by peroxynitrite in vivo resulting in a net increase in tyrosine phosphorylation and profound effects on phosphotyrosine-dependent signaling cascades.

TL;DR: A DNA and gelatin nanoparticle coacervate containing chloroquine and calcium, and with the cell ligand transferrin covalently bound to the gelatin, has been developed as a gene delivery vehicle and the biological integrity of the nanosphere DNA was demonstrated.

TL;DR: These experiments show that both S-nitrosylated and S-glutathiolated forms of proteins may be generated by the addition of GSNO to mixtures containing proteins with reactive sulfhydryls.

TL;DR: An HPLC method can be used for quantification of imidazolium crosslinks in tissue proteins to assess alpha-dicarbonyl-mediated protein damage in vivo and is significant in terms of tissue damage in aging and diabetes.

TL;DR: How Tat interacts with trans-activation responsive RNA and how this interaction contributes to transcription is reviewed and the biological implications of recent studies showing an association of Tat with cellular kinases(s) and protein acetylases are discussed.

TL;DR: Based on in vivo feeding experiments, rearrangement and reduction of deoxyxylulose phosphate have been proposed to give rise to 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate as the second intermediate of this pyruvate/glyceraldehyde-3-ph phosphate pathway.

TL;DR: Cloning of a Δ8fatty acid desaturase offers the opportunity to examine an alternate pathway of long chain fatty acid biosynthesis, and is highly homologous to Δ5and Δ6desaturases of Caenhorabditis elegans.

TL;DR: This review will focus on several factors which are required for the movement of Rev through the nuclear pore and their role the nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of HIV Rev.

TL;DR: The availability of these regiochemically distinct, yet very closely related, recombinant hydroxylases and their corresponding genes provides a unique model system for understanding structure-function relationships in cytochrome P450 substrate binding and catalysis, and a means for transgenic manipulation of monoterpene biosynthetic pathways in plants.

TL;DR: The tentative antioxidative mechanisms of catechins are proposedDepending on the experimental results and theoretical calculations, (-)-epicatechin (EC) would be gently converted to an anthocyanin-like compound and EGC has a more rapid scavenging effect on peroxyl radicals.

TL;DR: Functional and physical interactions of AhR/Arnt with ERAP 140 and SMRT in breast cancer cells are confirmed and these responses varied with the amount of coactivator/corepressor expression.

TL;DR: There was no up-regulation of the activities of the major antioxidant enzymes to compensate for the decrease in MnSOD activity, and reduced glutathione levels were 30 to 50% lower in the lung, brain, and muscle of the Sod2-/+ mice compared to the wild-type Sod2+/+ mice.

TL;DR: It is suggested that UGT2B7 may play an important role in the overall contribution of morphine analgesia by serving to generate the potent morphine-6-O-glucuronide in situ, therefore terminating the actions of the neurotransmitter.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors characterized purple acid phosphatases from sweet potato tubers and soybean seeds and established their relationship with the FeIII-ZnII-containing red kidney bean enzyme.

TL;DR: This study evaluated whether feeding C3G suppresses oxidative injury to the liver caused by hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (I/R), which was used as a model for oxidative stress and indicates that orally administered C3g suppresses I/R-induced oxidative damage and suggests that C2G functions as a potent antioxidant in vivo under oxidative stress.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that SIN-1 may react with heme proteins and other electron acceptors in biological systems to produce *NO, and is likely to behave more like an *NO donor than a peroxynitrite donor at the relatively low in vivo oxygen concentrations.