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Showing papers in "Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics in 2004"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review will focus on recent advances in understanding of the protein and DNA damage caused by reactive nitrogen species produced by macrophages and neutrophils, with emphasis on nitric oxide, nitrous anhydride, peroxynitrite, and nitrogen dioxide radical.

577 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The purpose of this review is to summarise the current state of knowledge of the kinetics and mechanisms of radical reactions with carotenoids, the properties ofcarotenoid radicals, and the antioxidant/pro-oxidant properties of carOTenoids.

515 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review summarises the current knowledge on the cellular uptake of flavonoids and their metabolites with particular relevance to further intracellular metabolism and the generation of potential new bioactive forms.

308 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: There is no sign of consensus over the background level of this damage, suggesting that, even though standard extraction procedures were used, variable oxidation of Gua is still occurring, and an effort should be made to develop alternative, validated methods for estimating oxidative DNA damage.

303 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review presents a comprehensive summary of research efforts that focus on the potential use and advantages of using proteinase inhibitor genes to engineer insect- and pest-resistance.

289 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The dependence of attachment on integrin subunits and substrate stiffness suggests that chondrocyte integrins may play a role in sensing the mechanical properties of the matrices to which they are attached.

261 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: To help understand how Coenzyme Q contributes to both mitochondrial oxidative damage and antioxidant defences, this work has reviewed its antioxidant and prooxidant properties.

256 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The significance of the disruption of the CL-cytochrome c interaction for cy tochrome c release and apoptosis is discussed.

231 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: New approaches to define the 'true' total antioxidant capacity of plasma should reflect the antioxidant network between water- and fat-soluble antioxidants in plasma.

230 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Findings are interpreted as being indicative that the antioxidant network at the air-lung interface in healthy subjects is capable of dealing with the oxidative challenge posed by DE at ambient concentrations.

227 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The novel finding that lycopene reduces local androgen signaling in the prostate suggests also efficacy in prevention of benign prostate hyperplasia and intervention trials in humans are required to finally prove clinical efficacy of the lycopenes molecule in prostate health.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recent advances on the biochemical and cell biological characterization of rafts are reviewed, and on the emerging concept of the temporary residency of proteins in rafts as a regulatory mechanism of their biological activity are reviewed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results suggest significant alterations in the intrinsic activity, the percentage of immunoproteasome, and the regulation of the 20S proteasome by PA28 and PA700 in aged muscle.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Concentrations of NADH and glutathione typically found in biological systems result in the oxidation of Amplex Red at a rate comparable to that produced, for example, by respiring mitochondria.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of the study suggest that the increased levels of Trx-1 in human tumors could lead to functional inhibition of PTEN tumor suppressor activity providing an additional mechanism for tumorigenesis with loss ofPTEN activity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The anthocyanidin reductase enzyme recently described from Arabidopsis and Medicago was shown to be present in tea with very high activity and produces epicatechin as well as epigallocatechin from the respective anthocianidins, thus explaining the very high contents of these compounds.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this critical review, proteins proposed to serve as sensors for H2O2 in mammals will be compared to peroxidases, catalases, and the bacterial H 2O2 sensor OxyR for their ability to react with H2 O2, in the context of current knowledge concerning the concentrations of H1O2 present in cells.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This represents the first functional characterization of a true monomersic preparation of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase in a phospholipid bilayer and elucidates new properties of the monomeric form.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Two of the main types of quinoprotein dehydrogenase in which pyrroloquinoline quinone is the only prosthetic group are summarized, with particular focus on the pathways for electron transfer from the reduced PQQ, through the protein, to their electron acceptors.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The biochemical properties of ANRs from the model legume Medicago truncatula (MtR) and the model crucifer Arabidopsis thaliana (AtANR) are reported, with MtANR showing preference for potential anthocyanidin substrates and AtANR exhibits the reverse preference, with substrate inhibition at high concentrations of cyanidin and pelargonidin.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was found for the first time that flavonoids bound to metal ions were much less subjected to oxidation compared with those of free compounds.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Several other genes related to the immune system and angiogenesis whose expression was changed in response to 1,25-(OH)2D3 provided evidence for an immunomodulatory and anti-angiogenic role of 1,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Kinetic analyses with different hydroperoxides including peroxynitrite qualify the redox cascade comprising thioredoxin reductase, thiOREDoxin C, and TPx as the most efficient system to protect M. tuberculosis against oxidative and nitrosative stress in situ.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recent progress made in elucidating the immunogenicity of glycans from some of the major human and animal parasites is highlighted, the potential for developing conjugate vaccines for parasitic infections, and the possible utilization of these novel glycans in diagnostics are highlighted.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: UDP-glucose:flavonoid glucosyltransferase (UBGT), isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis, did not acquire galactosyl transferase activity by replacing glutamine with histidine, and exhibited a remarkable decrease in glucosytransferase activity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new class of drugs, arising from the field of glycobiology, is based on the rational design of small molecule drugs that mimic the structures sialyl Le(a) and sialy Le(x) and can potently inhibit their functional binding to the selectins.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that LA is an effective agent to restore both the age-associated decline in thiol redox ratio as well as increase cerebral GSH levels that otherwise decline with age.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experimental manipulation of dietary carotenoid availability is a useful approach for elucidating the mechanistic bases of carOTenoid allocation trade-offs, providing support for the hypothesis that males allocating greater amounts ofcarotenoids to sexual coloration are advertising their superior health.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The participation of a specific epithelial transporter in the intestinal absorption of carotenoids is proposed and the selective absorption of all-trans beta-carotene versus its cis isomers, the differential absorption of individual carOTenoids, and the specific interactions between carotanoids during their absorption are discussed.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: HMW MRPs possess affective antioxidant protection against oxidizable substrates; however, the degree of polymerization of this product, characteristic to the source of monosaccharide used in the reaction, is not a distinguishable factor for this bioactivity.