Showing papers in "Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics in 2005"

TL;DR: Various factors pertaining to cold acclimation, promoter elements, and role of transcription factors in stress signaling pathway have been described, and the role of calcium as an important signaling molecule in response to various stress signals has been covered.

TL;DR: This review of the Gcn5-related N-acetyltransferases will examine those members of this superfamily that have been both structurally and mechanistically characterized.

TL;DR: The role of coactivators in transcriptional activation by AHR constitutes a very important area of research and the recent development of several new experimental techniques including the chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, RNA interference, and real-time PCR has provided a major boost to such studies.

TL;DR: The present minireview summarizes recent mechanistic and structure/function studies of members of the molybdenum-containing hydroxylases, a large and growing family of enzymes.

TL;DR: Nudix hydrolases catalyze the hydrolysis of nucleoside diphosphates linked to other moieties, X, and contain the sequence motif or Nudix box, GX(5)EX(7)REUXEEXGU, which are highly diverse in the position on the substrate at which nucleophilic substitution occurs, and in the number of required cations.

TL;DR: This work on dialkylglycine decarboxylase is discussed, aimed at providing direct evidence for stereoelectronic control of external aldimine reactivity and studies with alanine racemase suggest that the enzyme selectively destabilizes the carbanionic quinonoid intermediate to promote higher racemization specificity by avoiding transamination side reactions.

TL;DR: The present study compared the relative expression pattern of 10 orthologous CYP forms from families 1-4 in cDNA panels of human and mouse fetal and adult tissues to suggest possible involvement in development.

TL;DR: Interestingly, HPPD inhibitor/herbicide molecules act also as therapeutic agents for a number of debilitating and lethal inborn defects in tyrosine catabolism by preventing the accumulation of toxic metabolites.

TL;DR: Mechanistic and structural studies of these bacterial proteins have shed light on the linkage between redox state, oligomeric state, and peroxidase activity for the peroxiredoxins, and on the conformational changes accompanying catalysis by both proteins.

TL;DR: The role of transcriptional cofactors, such as SRC-1 and PGC-1, in mediating the gene-specific effects of individual nuclear receptors is becoming increasingly evident.

TL;DR: Recent advances in understanding of the structure, mechanism, and regulation of cystathionine beta-synthase are discussed from the perspective of its physiological function, focusing on the clinically relevant human enzyme.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that DLG motif plays essential roles in the Keap1-mediated proteasomal degradation of Nrf2 in the cytoplasm.

TL;DR: The current understanding of structure/function relationships in the divergent members of the enolase superfamily is reviewed, and the use of this knowledge for future studies is proposed.

TL;DR: This review covers the recent literature on the activity of these redox active channels as related to cell death and their role in apoptotic and necrotic cell death.

TL;DR: Several applications of H/D exchange MS are presented which demonstrate the unique capability of amide hydrogen/deuterium exchange mass spectrometry for examining dynamic and structural changes associated with enzyme catalysis.

TL;DR: The notation and theory for these types of experiments were published as three papers in this paper on initial velocity studies in which the concentrations of substrates, products, and inhibitors were varied.

TL;DR: Although regioisomers of EET elicit these effects to varying degrees, 11,12-EET appears to be the most potent with respect to anti-inflammatory, anti-migratory, and pro-fibrinolytic effects.

TL;DR: Biochemical studies on galactose oxidase have revealed a new class of oxidation mechanisms based on this free radical coupled-copper catalytic motif, defining an emerging family of enzymes, the radical-coppers oxidases.

TL;DR: Functional interactions between these nuclear receptors as well as the consequences on physiology and pathophysiology of the liver are discussed.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the current understanding of the mechanisms catalyzing by various zinc-dependent deacetylases and, in particular, the reaction mechanism catalyzed by the enzyme UDP-3-O-(R- 3-hydroxymyristoyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetyase, also known as LpxC.

TL;DR: Evidence is accumulating that at least part of the cellular responses to these stimuli are due to specific, transient inactivation of PTPs, indicating that PTP’s are important sensors of the Cellular redox state.

TL;DR: This review seeks to provide a brief overview of current knowledge regarding the major classes of enzymes and related proteins that are employed in plants, fungi, and bacteria to convert oxalate into CO(2) and/or formate.

TL;DR: Molecular data indicate that Dp3-Sam might induce apoptosis in HL-60 cells through a ROS-mediated mitochondrial dysfunction pathway, and findings enhance the understanding for anticancer function of Hibiscus anthocyanins in herbal medicine.

TL;DR: TF downregulation and anti-coagulation prevent and limit the proceeding of coagulation cascade in the generation of proinflammatory coagulant signals, while PAR antagonists block the transmission of such signals.

TL;DR: Results and the observation of copper-induced changes in the UV spectra of TA are indications that the antioxidant activity of TA relates to its copper chelating ability, and copper ions complexed to TA are less capable of inducing ascorbate oxidation, inhibiting the sequence of reactions that lead to 2-deoxyribose degradation.

TL;DR: An overview of bacterial type I signal peptidases is presented and some of their properties are described in detail, including the ability to recognize signal sequences with high fidelity.

TL;DR: The chemistry of the guanidine group suggests unique strategies to lower the pK(a) of Arg, and the presumption that general bases must be predominantly deprotonated is revisited.

TL;DR: This review examines the complex dynamic behavior of the protein that enables regulated fast and specific catalysis to occur and describes how three conformations of the enzyme provide a foundation for the catalytic cycle.

TL;DR: Results showed that glycation altered the local structure around Trp-214 while not significantly impacting the secondary structure, and this alteration translated into an overall change in the stability of gHSA compared to HSA.

TL;DR: The role of protein oxidation and S-nitrosation in induction of apoptotic cell death via ASK1 is discussed and it is shown that the key messengers of regulation of this pathway are the reactive oxygen and nitrogen species.