Showing papers in "Arthropod Structure & Development in 2008"

TL;DR: The architectures of midline neuropils and their associations with the visual system were compared across panarthropods and, Stimulated by recent evidence for a role of the central complex in polarization vision and object recognition, a possible common role of midlines in azimuth-dependent sensory and motor tasks is discussed.

TL;DR: A new consistent nomenclature for the thoracic muscular system of Neoptera is proposed based on the morphological investigation of Zorotypus and comparisons with data for other taxa from the literature, which do not clearly indicate the systematic placement of the order.

TL;DR: The structure and response of optic lobe (OL) neurons projecting to the calyces of the mushroom bodies in bees were characterized, which included sensory information required for the biologically relevant associations bees form during foraging tasks.

TL;DR: Differences in general glomerular organization are subtle among the female castes, but sex-specific differences in the number, connectivity and neuromodulatory innervation of glomeruli are substantial and likely to underlie differences in olfactory processing and learning.

TL;DR: It is proposed that developmental heterochrony results in fewer synapses in olfactory centers (smaller glomeruli, fewer microglomeruli) in queens, which may result in poorer performance on olfaction learning tasks compared to workers.

TL;DR: Based on the molecular phylogeny a likely evolutionary scenario is that the ancestral branchiuran used hooks (on the first maxilla) for attachment, as seen in Dolops, of which the proximal part was subsequently modified into suction discs in Argulus and Chonopeltis (and Dipteropeltais).

TL;DR: The potential role of serotonin as a neuromodulator in the chemosensory system of disease vector mosquitoes is discussed.

TL;DR: External and internal head structures of Caurinus dectes were examined and described in detail and it is suggested that the origin of extrinsic maxillary muscles from the clypeus has probably evolved independently in Boreus and Hesperoboreus, and in Panorpa, respectively.

TL;DR: Results suggest that tritocerebral tract input to the mushroom bodies is likely ubiquitous, reflecting the importance of gustation for insect behavior and the scattered phylogenetic distribution of Class III Kenyon cells is proposed to represent an example of generative homology.

TL;DR: The nervous system of nauplii of the crustacean taxon Cirripedia was analysed using for the first time immunocytochemical staining against serotonin, RFamide and alpha-tubulin in combination with confocal laser scanning microscopy, revealing a circumoesophageal neuropil ring with nerves extending to the first and second antennae and to the mandibles, all features typical for Crustacea.

TL;DR: An ultrastructural investigation on the antennal flagellum of the adult of the dragonfly Libellula depressa revealed sensilla located in pits on the lateral-ventral side of the antenna, represented by sensilla coeloconica and by deeply sunken sensilla.

TL;DR: The pectines of a new-world scorpion were studied as to their sensilla, nerve supply, and central nervous projections, and the glomerular structure of the main pectine neuropil may indicate that such compartmentalisation is advantageous for the initial processing of chemosensory signals.

TL;DR: The results suggest that neurons pioneering a columnar neuroarchitecture within the embryonic central complex utilize the existing primary commissural scaffold to navigate the brain midline.

TL;DR: In the midbrain of the grasshopper, a columnar neuroarchitecture resembling that of the adult central body is already apparent at 70% of embryogenesis, and individual axons entering the commissural system from each of the w, x, y, z tracts after mid-embryogenesis are seen to systematically de-fasciculate from an anterior commissure and re-f Fascicle switching en route across the midline.

TL;DR: Comparative studies of walking in Libinia and other brachyurans may shed light on the neuroethology of legged locomotion, and on the anatomical and physiological changes necessary for sideways-walking in crustaceans.

TL;DR: The ovaries of the studied earwig species are meroistic-polytrophic and composed of numerous short ovarioles that consist of a terminal filament, germarium and vitellarium, and it is indicated that such position of the nurse cell nucleus is maintained solely by its extended shape.

TL;DR: Thirty-nine species belonging to different families of termites are studied to give a comprehensive view of the evolution of the sternal glands.

TL;DR: The morphological appearance of the spermatheca in representative species of these three subfamilies of social wasps is examined, finding no differences between reproductive and non-reproductive wasps.

TL;DR: Sperm axoneme organization supports the isolated position of the family previously proposed on the basis of morphological data and shows that the intertubular material is reduced and distributed differently from that observed in other Neuropterida.

TL;DR: This study demonstrates that the cytological characteristics of colleterial glands in basal termites are similar to those of cockroaches, whether the termite secretes an oothecal casing that covers two parallel rows of eggs, as in Mastotermes, or lays its eggs singly, asIn Zootermopsis.

TL;DR: The pedipalps of the cavernicolous Mexican species Pseudocellus pearsei are highly effective multimodal short range sensory organs which complement the long range sensory function of the second legs.

TL;DR: In this study, the suctorial organs of different species from old world families Galeodidae and Karschiidae and new world families Ammotrechidae and Eremobatidae were investigated by means of light microscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy.

TL;DR: The ontogenetic basis of locustatachykinin-like expression in a group of cells located in the pars intercerebralis of the grasshopper midbrain is investigated, which places them amongst the first born progeny of their respective neuroblasts.

TL;DR: The pretarsal structures have been studied in representatives of 13 families of 'Symphyta' by means of light microscopy and two campaniform sensilla on the manubrium are found, with the exception of Siricidae having three sensilla.

TL;DR: The ventriculus and the midgut caeca of the fed females of Anystis baccarum (L.) were investigated by using light and electron microscopy and three types of secretory granules were found that probably correspond to three sequential stages of granulogenesis.

TL;DR: The sperm ultrastructure of a few species of Limoniidae (Limonia nigropunctata; L. nubeculosa; Chionea n. sp.; C. lutescens) was studied and the sperm ultrastsructure of Nephrotoma appendiculata was also considered comparatively, in the light of the phylogenetic relationship between Limoniaceae and Tipulidae.

TL;DR: The results are consistent with the view of a monophyletic termite origin and demonstrate how the Crz-ir and PDF-ir systems diversified in the course of termite phylogeny.

TL;DR: The results suggest that in addition to longitudinal divisions of the lobes, circuits in the calyces and lobes are likely to be independently modulated.

TL;DR: Details of the cellular ultrastructure and morphogenesis of the ectodermal and endodermal parts of the digestive system during embryonic development of Porcellio scaber provide data for further phylogenetic and comparative studies in peracaridan crustaceans and other arthropods.

TL;DR: The skeleton-muscular organisation of abdominal segments 7-9 in female Anax imperator L. (Anisoptera, Aeshnidae) was examined in the stages of ultimate larva, teneral imago, and mature imago with special emphasis on the transformation of the muscle arrangement.