Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences 

About: Asian Journal of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences is an academic journal. The journal publishes majorly in the area(s): Drug delivery & Population. It has an ISSN identifier of 2249-622X. Over the lifetime, 577 publications have been published receiving 2721 citations.

Diabetes mellitus ? a devastating metabolic disorder

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is an endocrinological and/or metabolic disorder with an increasing global prevalence and incidence. High blood glucose levels are symptomatic of diabetes mellitus as a consequence of inadequate pancreatic insulin secretion or poor insulin-directed mobilization of glucose by target cells. Diabetes mellitus is aggravated by and associated with metabolic complications that can subsequently lead to premature death. This review explores diabetes mellitus in terms of its historical perspective, biochemical basis, economic burden, management interventions along with the future perspectives.

Topical Gel: A Recent Approach for Novel Drug delivery

Abstract: Gel formulation provides better application property and stability in comparison to cream and ointment Topical gel drug administration is a localized drug delivery system anywhere in the body through ophthalmic, rectal, vaginal and skin as topical routes Skin is one of the most extensive and readily accessible organs on human body for topical administration and is main route of topical drug delivery system Topical application of drugs offers potential advantages of delivering the drug directly to the site of action and acting for an extended period of time Topical gels are intended for skin application or to certain mucosal surfaces for local action or percutaneous penetration of medicament or for their emollient or protective action Gels are evaluated by following parameters such as pH, homogeneity, grittiness drug content, viscosity, spreadability, extrudability, skin irritation studies, invitro release, in Stability

Dental Caries: A Review

Abstract: Dental caries, a chronic disease is unique among human and is one of the most common important global oral health problems in the world today. It is the destruction of dental hard acellular tissue by acidic by-products from the bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates especially sucrose. It progresses slowly in most of the people which results from an ecological imbalance in the equilibrium between tooth minerals and oral biofilms which is characterised by microbial activity, resulting in fluctuations in plaque pH due to bacterial acid production, buffering action from saliva and the surrounding tooth structure. The microbial community of caries is diverse and contains many facultatively and obligately-anaerobic bacteria. S. mutans is the most primary associated with it. Dental caries can affect the human in various ways i.e. presence of tooth pain, infection or dysfunction of the stomatognathic system can limit the necessary ingestion of energetic foods, affecting the growth in children and adults as well as their learning, communication skills and recreational activities. Moreover, oral and pharyngeal cancers and oral tissue lesions are also significant health concern. Cavernous sinus thrombosis and Ludwig angina can be life-threatening. Due to this, treatment is needed for dental diseases which cost is normally high and is not feasible for all community due to limited resources such as time, person and money. Therefore, prevention is more affordable. Personal hygiene cares and dietary modification should be recommended.

Bioavailability Enhancement by Piperine: A Review

Abstract: Oral absorption of drug is very important issue especially when the drug is poorly bioavailable, given for long periods and expensive. Poorly bioavailable drugs remain sub-therapeutic because a major portion of a dose never reaches the plasma or exerts its pharmacological effect unless and until very large doses are given which may also lead to serious side effects. Any significant improvement in bioavailability will result in lowering the dose or the dose frequency of that particular drug. Several approaches have been used to maximize oral bioavailability, but with the discovery of the first bioavailability enhancer piperine in 1979, a new class of drug and a new concept was introduced in to the science. Bioenhancers or bioavailability enhancers are mostly the plant based molecules which promote the biological activity or bioavailability or the uptake of drugs in combination therapy. This review article concludes the bioavailability enhancing property of piperine.

Phytochemical Constituents and Medicinal Properties of Different Extracts of Anacardium Occidentale and Psidium Guajava

Abstract: Background: Folklore involves the use of parts of plants without isolating particular phytochemicals. The argument is that the synergy of the combined substances enhances the efficacy and dilutes toxicity. Modern pharmacy, however, prefers single ingredients on the grounds that dosage can be more easily quantified. One of such efforts includes detailed analysis of phytochemical constituents of such plants. Although much study has been carried out on phytochemical screening, the results may differ as a result of the biochemical variations within species, geographical locations, methods or modes of extraction and solvent used. Objectives: This work, therefore, aimed at carrying out a preliminary study of the phytochemistry of the extracts Anacardium occidentale (cashew) and Psidium guajava (guava) as a scientific rationale behind the medicinal uses of the plants. Methods: Aqueous and methanol extracts of leaf, bark and root cashew and guava were assayed quantitatively for tannin, total polyphenol, oxalate, saponin and alkaloid Results: Highest concentrations of the bioactive principles were detected in ethanolic extracts of the plants except in the case of saponin where the hot water extract produced the highest bioactive principle. In Guava was foung tannin-11.5mg/g, total polyphenol-1.67mg/g, alkaloid-59.85% and oxalate- 6.66. In Cashew tannin-15.38mg/g, total polyphenolics-2.00, alkaloid-39.90 and oxalate-8.13 was detected Conclusion: The detected bioactive principle, in this study, may be responsible for the documented and folklore beneficial effects. Results from this study also justified the use of alcohol in folklore extraction.