Showing papers in "Atmospheric Environment in 2001"

TL;DR: In this paper, weekly PM2.5 samples were simultaneously collected at a residential (Tsinghua University) and a downtown (Chegongzhuang) site in Beijing from July 1999 through September 2000.

TL;DR: In this paper, a parameterization of particle dry deposition has been developed for the Canadian Aerosol Module (CAM) with meteorological input provided by the Canadian Regional Climate Model (RCM) to the eastern North America.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors consider the variety of transport impacts on the atmospheric environment by reviewing three examples: urban road traffic and human health, aircraft emissions and global atmospheric change, and the contribution of sulphur emissions from ships to acid deposition.

TL;DR: In this article, levels of suspended particles, PM10, PM2.5 and PM1 were continuously monitored at an urban kerbside in the Metropolitan area of Barcelona from June 1999 to June 2000.

TL;DR: In this article, the mass concentrations of the two fractions showed significant daily variations linked to different thermodynamic conditions of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) and characterised by higher values during wintertime.

TL;DR: The analysis of PM10 and TSP levels recorded in rural areas from Southern and Eastern Spain (1996-1999) shows that most of the peak events are simultaneously recorded at monitoring stations up to 1000 km apart as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review describes databases of small-scale spatial variations and indoor, outdoor and personal measurements of air pollutants with the main focus on suspended particulate matter, and to a lesser extent, nitrogen dioxide and photochemical pollutants.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimated the emissions of BC in China, where roughly one-fourth of global anthropogenic emissions is believed to originate China's high rates of usage of coal and bio-fuels are primarily responsible for high BC emissions.

TL;DR: The chemical mass balance (CMB) receptor model has been used to apportion volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in more than 20 urban areas, mostly in the United States as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: An international round robin test on the analysis of carbonaceous aerosols on quartz fiber filters sampled at an urban site was organized by the Vienna University of Technology as discussed by the authors, where 17 laboratories participated using nine different thermal and optical methods.

TL;DR: In this paper, simultaneous measurements of nitrous acid (HONO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) using a differential optical absorption spectroscopy system, nitrogen oxide (NO) by an in situ chemiluminescence analyser and carbon dioxide (CO2) by a gas chromatographic technique were carried out in Wuppertal Kiesbergtunnel.

TL;DR: In this article, the size distributions of Ba, Cd, Co, Cu, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sn, Se, Sr, Zn and Fe in atmospheric aerosols were measured using impactors at three background sites in central England and southern Scotland.

TL;DR: In this article, size-dependent sampling of aerosols with the virtual impactor technique of a dichotomous sampler was performed to identify the sources of heavy metals emitted by vehicles and trains.

TL;DR: In this article, the reported symptom rates of eye and upper airway irritation cannot generally be explained by our present knowledge of common chemically non-reactive VOCs measured indoors, and it is recommended to use a broader analytical window of organic compounds than the classic VOC window as defined by the World Health Organisation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors estimate the source apportionment for the main source groups for the PM10-concentration in Berlin by comparison of the main chemical components at stations in the regional and urban background and a station at the kerbside of a busy street.

TL;DR: The Atmospheric Nitrogen Compounds II: Emissions, Transport, Transformation, Deposition and Assessment workshop was held in Chapel Hill, NC from 7 to 9 June 1999 as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the relationship between exposure to air pollution from traffic of children attending schools near motorways and measurements of elemental carbon (EC) in a sub-sample and established a high correlation was established.

TL;DR: In this article, the relationship between ozone (O3), nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as a function of NOx was investigated, for levels ranging from those typical of UK rural sites to those observed at polluted urban kerbside sites.

TL;DR: The results showed that the best forecast estimates can be achieved by directly applying a MLP network to the original data, and thus, that a combination of the periodic regression method and neural algorithms does not give any advantage over a direct application of neural algorithms.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe and evaluate the newly developed European scale Eulerian chemistry transport model CHIMERE-continental, which is designed for seasonal simulations and real time forecasts without the use of super-computers.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors used positive matrix factorization (PMF) to extract sources from the ambient aerosol concentration data at three sampling sites in the northeastern US using a relatively new type of factor analysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that road traffic and stationary combustion sources generate a significant number of nanoparticles of diameter of 1.5 µm and 3 µm, respectively.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an investigation on the annual cycle of the carbonaceous fraction of the Po Valley (Italy) fine (d) in the Po valley of Italy.

TL;DR: This first comprehensive PM2.5 multi-mode transport user exposure assessment study in the UK showed that mean personal exposure levels in road transport modes were approximately double that of the PM2,5 concentration at an urban background fixed site monitor.

TL;DR: In this paper, the xylenes' mixing ratios were compared to each other from the various locations, which included urban air, traffic air and liquid fuel, and they exhibited robust correlations, and the slopes remained constant.

TL;DR: In this paper, the proportion of particles and reactive gases (e.g., ozone) that penetrate building envelopes as air enters through cracks and wall cavities was investigated, assuming regular geometry, smooth inner crack surface and steady airflow.

TL;DR: A variety of statistical methods for meteorological adjustment of ozone have been proposed in the literature over the last decade for purposes of forecasting, estimating ozone time trends, or investigating underlying mechanisms from an empirical perspective.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used virtual impactors (VI) and Berner low-pressure impactors to collect size-segregated atmospheric aerosol particles at an urban and a rural site in the Helsinki area.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of ethanol addition to gasoline on regulated and unregulated emissions is studied using a 4-cylinder OPEL 1.6 L internal combustion engine equipped with a hydraulic brake dynamometer.

TL;DR: In this article, the capacity for adsorption of organic gases is not uniform for all filters and, as a result, a filter pair composed of filters from different lots may lead to significant under- or overestimation of particulate organic carbon concentration.