Showing papers in "Atmospheric Environment in 2015"

TL;DR: In this paper, a review revealed that design and choice of urban vegetation is crucial when using vegetation as an ecosystem service for air quality improvements, while low vegetation close to sources can improve air quality by increasing deposition.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors systematically reviewed and analyzed available source apportionment studies on particulate matter (of diameter of 10 and 25 microns, PM10 and PM25) performed in cities to estimate typical shares of the sources of pollution by country and by region.

TL;DR: In this article, a novel hybrid model combining air mass trajectory analysis and wavelet transformation to improve the artificial neural network (ANN) forecast accuracy of daily average concentrations of PM2.5 two days in advance is presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the results of back trajectory analysis indicated that the elevated concentration of aerosol and its chemical components during haze days might be caused by the integrated effects of accumulation under a stagnant meteorological condition and the transport emissions of pollutants from anthropogenic sources surrounding Beijing city.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors reviewed the evidence on the efficacy of LEZs to improve urban air quality in five EU countries (Denmark, Germany, Netherlands, Italy and UK), and concluded that there have been mixed results.

TL;DR: In this paper, PM2.5 samples were collected at a high-traffic location (summer and winter 2013) and characterized for a large suite of elemental and organic markers.

TL;DR: In this article, the distribution, pollution level, sources and health risk of Hg, As, Cd, Cu, Cr, Ni, Mn, Fe, Pb, Sb and Zn in urban street dust were investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors present a systematic review of the impacts of solid fuel and clean fuel interventions on kitchen levels of, and personal exposure to, PM 2.5 and carbon monoxide (CO).

TL;DR: The second phase of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) brought together sixteen modeling groups from Europe and North America, running eight operational online-coupled air quality models on common emissions and boundary conditions as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors found that residential biofuel use is an important source of biomass burning aerosol in winter and summer, respectively, and that up to 30% of total WSOC light absorption was attributed to biomass burning in significant biomass-burning-impacted summer day.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors synthesize and analyse existing knowledge on particles in urban environments with a focus on their number concentration and size distribution, and conclude that the concentrations, modal structures and temporal patterns of urban particles are strongly influenced by traffic emissions.

TL;DR: In this article, a large set of black carbon (BC) measurements was collected in Antwerp, Belgium, using a bicycle equipped with a portable BC monitor (micro-aethalometer).

TL;DR: In this paper, the morphology, size, and elemental composition of PM on tree leaves (five evergreen species) from Beijing, China, were obtained, together with number density of PM size fraction, by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-rays (EDX).

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors quantify NO2 trends (2005-2013) over the U.S. by using surface measurements from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Air Quality System (AQS) and an improved tropospheric NO2 vertical column density (VCD) data product from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on the Aura satellite.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper used correlation, regression and composite methods to analyze the long-term evolution of surface O3 and PM2.5 in Beijing and their relationship with meteorological conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed an ARIA Project PTDC/DTP-SAP/1522/2012 from Foundation for Science and Technology (Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia - FCT) co-financed by European Regional Development Fund through Operational Competitiveness Programme (COMPETE) FCOMP -01-0124-FEDER-028797; and by the Portuguese CCDR-N for funding the research project E2BE, through the European Union FEDER programme.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated distribution and sources of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) bound to fine particulate matter (PM 2.5 ) captured in a semi-urban area in Malaysia during different seasons, and to assess their health risks.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review brings together a collective of methods that have demonstrated an ability to influence air flow patterns to reduce personal exposure in the built environment, including trees and vegetation, noise barriers, low boundary walls and parked cars.

TL;DR: An imputation-based method that is suitable for multivariate time series data, which uses the EM algorithm under the assumption of normal distribution is presented, which exhibited good accuracy and precision in different settings with respect to the patterns of missing observations.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors applied the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions (CAMx) with the Particulate Source Apportionment Technology (PSAT) to the China domain for the years 2006 and 2013.

TL;DR: In this paper, a comparison of the large-scale spatial and temporal variability between satellite AOD and PM2.5 using monthly mean measurements was performed using spectral analysis technique e Combined Maximum Covariance Analysis (CMCA).

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of nitrogen (N) fertilization and biochar addition on the net global warming potential (net GWP), greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) and net ecosystem economic budget (NEEB) were investigated in an intensive vegetable field with 4 consecutive vegetable crops in 2012 and 2013 in southeastern China.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined long-term (2000-2014) surface meteorological observations and simulate four recent winter haze episodes in 2010-2014 using a coupled meteorology-chemistry model (WRF-Chem).

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper analyzed the chemical composition of PM 2.5 and calculated the light extinction resulting from each chemical species using the IMPROVE algorithm and applied the chemical mass balance (CMB) model to identify the sources of PM2.5.

TL;DR: The second phase of the Air Quality Model Evaluation International Initiative (AQMEII) brought together seventeen modeling groups from Europe and North America, running eight operational online-coupled air quality models over both continents using common emissions and boundary conditions as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined whether higher concentrations of urban forestry might be associated with quantifiable effects on ambient air pollutant levels, whilst accounting for the predominant source of localized spatial variations in pollutant concentrations, namely vehicular traffic.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the fuel-cycle emissions of electric vehicles in China and the U.S. and found that EVs can reduce GHG and air pollutant emissions significantly compared with conventional vehicles.

TL;DR: This is the first study that utilizes high resolution 1km MAIAC AOD retrievals for PM prediction while accounting for geo-climate complexities, such as experienced in Israel, and this novel model allowed the reconstruction of long- and short-term spatially resolved exposure to PM2.5 and PM10.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors analyzed the temporal and spatial variations of air pollutants and air quality in Beijing and found that in spatial pattern, the air qualities in southern and northern Beijing are totally different, and that neighboring area's air quality has an important role in the air quality of Beijing combining with air quality attainment rates in all 35 monitoring stations and northern China.

TL;DR: In this paper, an intercomparison of aerosol optical depth (AOD) retrievals from satellite-based MODIS, Multiangle Imaging Spectroradiometer (MISR), Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI), and Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation (CALIPSO) instrumentation over Karachi, Lahore, Jaipur, and Kanpur between 2007 and 2013, with validation against AOD observations from the ground-based Aerosol Robotic Network (AERONET).