Showing papers in "Atmospheric Research in 1986"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used observations of the nature and the size distribution of the atmospheric aerosol to predict the proportion that should be active in cloud droplet formation at various supersaturations.

TL;DR: In this article, particle concentration and size distribution of individual particles were determined with X-ray energy spectrometry and specific morphological tests, and the results demonstrated clear and significant dependencies of aerosol properties on air trajectories computed from a backtrack model.

TL;DR: In this paper, a high-power, high-frequency minisodar was used to investigate the fine structure of the surface layer and lower planetary boundary layer, especially during stable situation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the technical characteristics of the CRPE minisodar are described and compared with the classical Doppler sodar, and simple methods are demonstrated for estimating the sensible heat flux and friction velocity in the surface layer.

TL;DR: The system consists of up to five sodar sensors, modular in design, collectively controlled by a microprocessor, which are connected to a minicomputer for the spectral analysis and wind data retrieval.

TL;DR: In this article, measurements of the stable isotopic ratios of oxygen and simultaneously observed ice crystal structure in freshly fallen snow, have been used to estimate the weighted mean altitudes of ice-phase precipitation formation in winter clouds over the Central Sierra Nevada.

TL;DR: In this article, two different Doppler acoustic sounders have been operated at the Kernforschungszentrum Karlsruhe (KfK) since 1982, and data from the sounders and from a 200 m high meteorological tower have been sampled continuously for intercomparison.

TL;DR: A radio acoustic sounding system (RASS), operating at an acoustic frequency ƒ ∼ 360 Hz, proved to be capable of measuring the vertical temperature profile in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) with an accuracy and vertical resolution comparable to those of traditional apparatus as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: A three-axis Doppler system has been set up in a configuration that allows for simultaneous monostatic and bistatic modes of operation, and a considerable increase in the information retrieved appears to be possible.

TL;DR: In this article, a simple method is described for estimating the sensible heat flux by using a Doppler sodar system and a thermal probe, which can be applied to a convective boundary layer in morning hours.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present a preliminary assessment of the capacity to predict ground-level concentrations around Gladstone, a sub-tropical coastal power station, and compared with the predictions of a preferred dispersion model.

TL;DR: In this paper, the use of sodars in the study of stably stratified flows influenced by terrain is reviewed and the relation between acoustic backscatter and local Richardson number is discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the spatial distribution of SO 2 concentration is studied as measured at nine locations in the urban area of Valladolid, using the principal component factor analysis (PCFA).

TL;DR: An acoustic Doppler sounder has been used to document the behaviour of the stable atmospheric boundary layer during the “Coast” experiment, in April-May, 1983, on a homogeneous terrain near the Dutch coast as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relation between numbers of CCN activated over the range of supersaturations 0.25 − 1.25% can provide data on the chemistry of these very small, relatively numerous and environmentally important particles.

TL;DR: In this article, a comparison between the precipitable water vapor w obtained by classical sounding and that obtained by high resolution measurements of spectral solar direct irradiance in the 400-1000 nm spectral range is shown.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of surface wind speed on the formation of shear echo structures have been considered and the data used for the purpose pertains to the period May 1977 to April 1982.

TL;DR: With an array of acoustic Doppler sounders, it is possible to retrieve a Lagrangian description of the air motions in the boundary layer as mentioned in this paper, with adequate signal-to-noise and data processing, vertical profiles of the vertical acceleration can be obtained.

TL;DR: In this paper, a multiscale bistatic Doppler sodar has been used to document the mixing effect associated with thermal plumes and the convergence effect has been studied.

TL;DR: In this article, a historical perspective has been given of the simultaneously conducted studies on radio waves and sodar at various places, and conditions of a ray path especially in the presence of a ducting layer have been defined as giving rise to fading or signal enhancement conditions.

TL;DR: In this article, measured carbon monoxide present in the atmosphere near the ground surface has been studied in relation to atmospheric stability inferred from acoustic sounder vis-a-vis the density of motor-vehicular traffic responsible for the emission of carbon dioxide gas.

TL;DR: In this article, particle induced X-ray emission analysis (PIXE) has been applied to aerosol long-range transport studies and the combination of a size fractionating sampler and a multi-element technique has enabled the identification of the transport pathways of individual constituents over the Atlantic Ocean and Europe.

TL;DR: In this paper, an acoustic interferometer was built and operated during nocturnal temperature inversions to detect atmospheric temperature differences between the surface air and that at 50 m above the ground.

TL;DR: In this paper, a theory involving two parameters, r ∞ n0ν where ν is the Junge power law exponent (ν ≌ 3) was derived and has recently been confirmed to acceptable accuracy with the use of a simple experiment which employed diffusive separation.

TL;DR: In this paper, it is shown on the basis of the moist convective plume model that vapor flux from the evaporating snow surface can drive convection, and maintain a super-cooled water cloud layer, without the assistance of heat flux from surface, or entrainment or radiative cooling, at cloud top.

TL;DR: In this article, it was found that it is unlikely that refraction of the initial sound burst is the cause of underestimation of winds at low levels, and the possibility of refracted sound contaminating the scattered signals has been investigated both experimentally and theoretically.