Showing papers in "Austrian Economic Quarterly in 1997"
Posted Content•
TL;DR: In order to accelerate this shift toward technologically more sophisticated products, the ratio of research expenditures to GDP will need to be raised from the current 1.5 percent to the EU average of 2 percent as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Compared with other industrialized countries, Austria exhibits a substantial "technology gap" in foreign trade that is revealed in a low share of high-technology products in manufacturing exports and in low unit values. The resulting deficit in foreign trade with high-technology products totaled almost ATS 22 billion in 1994. A positive structural change has been taking place, however, over the last two decades. In order to accelerate this shift toward technologically more sophisticated products, the ratio of research expenditures to GDP will need to be raised from the current 1.5 percent to the EU average of 2 percent. The additional funds required to achieve this goal over the period of six years total some ATS 40 billion.
8 citations
Posted Content•
TL;DR: The USA has held the "leadership" in the growth dynamic of the "Triad": between 1991 and 1996, the USA's GDP grew at a yearly rate of 2.9 percent as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Since the beginning of the 1990s, the USA has – for the first time since the end of World War II – held the "leadership" in the growth dynamic of the "Triad": between 1991 and 1996, the USA's GDP grew at a yearly rate of 2.9 percent – almost twice as quickly as Europe's (+1.6 percent). Economic growth over this period was weakest in the country which had shown the greatest economic vitality over the long-term: total output in Japan grew at a rate of only 1.2 percent p.a. between 1991 and 1996.
2 citations
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TL;DR: In the case of Austria, the difference is largely due to the fact that persons who are registered as unemployed are not to be counted as unemployed if they are on lay-off and have a job to return to after some waiting time (usually seasonal workers); nor are those who are working on a casual basis while searching for a better job.
Abstract: With Austria's membership in the EU the compilation of internationally comparable labor market data has become obligatory. The internationally comparable household survey results in much lower unemployment than the national administrative sources. The difference is largely due to the fact that persons who are registered as unemployed are, by international definitions, not to be counted as unemployed if they are on lay-off and have a job to return to after some waiting time (usually seasonal workers); nor are those who are working on a casual basis while searching for a better job. An internationally comparable unemployment rate can be approximated by administrative data, which may be necessary at times given the time lag of the microcensus data. It is meaningful to continue to calculate unemployment rates on the basis of administrative data to ensure not only the timely availability of data but also a detailed disaggregation by region, age, sex, profession, a breakdown which allows efficient targeting of labor market and social policies.
2 citations