Showing papers in "Behavioural Brain Research in 2014"

TL;DR: Results show that both fNIRS and HRV are sensitive to different levels of mental workload; notably, lower prefrontal activation as well as a lower LF/HF ratio at the highest level of difficulty, suggest that these measures are suitable for mental overload detection.

TL;DR: The phenomenology of inner speech is described by examining five issues: common behavioural and cerebral correlates with overt speech, different types of innerspeech (wilful verbal thought generation and verbal mind wandering), presence of inner Speech in reading and in writing, inner signing and voice-hallucinations in deaf people, and agency in inner speech.

TL;DR: Results indicated that rutin is a promising agent for AD treatment because of its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and reducing Aβ oligomer activities.

TL;DR: From the 81 studies identified to June 2013, the significant relationship between the short form of the 5-HTTLPR was confirmed (p=.0000009), which is stronger than the relationship reported in the most recent meta-analysis in 2011.

TL;DR: Results indicate a previously unrecognized potential of luteolin in alleviating obesity-induced cognitive impairment for type-2 diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer disease (AD).

TL;DR: Findings indicate an antidepressant-like effect of resveratrol in an animal model of depression possibly via activation of hippocampal BDNF, and suggest therapeutic potential in at least a subpopulation of depressed patients.

TL;DR: It is suggested that AMPA receptor stimulation at 24h after a single injection of ketamine or an mGlu2/3 receptor antagonist is required to produce the anti-immobility effects of these compounds.

TL;DR: The EEG correlates of feedback processing for learning using various analytical approaches are discussed, including ERPs, oscillations and inter-site synchronization, highlighting the gaps in the literature and suggesting future directions for understanding the neural underpinnings of learning from feedback.

TL;DR: This study shows that resveratrol exerted antidepressant-like effects in CUMS rats, mediated in part by normalizing serum corticosterone levels while up-regulating pERK, pCREB and BDNF levels in the hippocampus and amygdala.

TL;DR: Chronic treatment with curcumin significantly reversed the CUS-induced behavioral and cognitive parameters (reduced sucrose preference and impaired learning and memory function) in stressed rats.

TL;DR: A decline of autophagic degradation in mice hippocampus is shown in correlation with age-dependent cognitive dysfunction, whereas the activity of mTOR and its upstream brain-derived neurotrophic factor)/phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling was decreased with aging.

TL;DR: The Biased Attention via Norepinephrine (BANE) model is presented, which unifies genetic, neuromodulatory, neural and behavioural evidence to account for ABA and examines differences arising from a variant of the ADRA2b gene.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the heavier drinkers may have experienced increased working memory demand and control efforts to withhold a response due to poorer inhibitory control from enhanced salience of alcohol cues on the beer NoGo trials, which also engaged insula mediated effects.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated, for the first time, that red light can increase short-term performance as shown by the significant (p<0.05) reduced response time and higher throughput in performance tests during the daytime.

TL;DR: The results show that uncertainty can broaden incentive salience attribution to make CS cues attractive that would otherwise not be (either because they are too distal from reward or too risky to normally attract sign-tracking), and persistence suggests an enduring incentive motivation enhancement potentially relevant to gambling.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that during the critical time of embryonic development LPS exposure can produce long-term behavioral changes and reduction in adult neurogenesis, and their responsiveness to chronic antidepressant treatment could be reversed by chronic fluoxetine treatment.

TL;DR: The behavioral results showed that EE reduced anxiety-like behavior in the elevated-plus maze test and reduced immobility time in the forced swimming test, and the EE resulted in an increased preference for sucrose compared to the SE, suggesting that the EE up-regulated MMP-9 levels within the hippocampus might facilitate the conversion of proBDNF to BDNF, thereby contributing to the long lasting alterations of synaptic plasticity and behavior.

TL;DR: Worsened histological damage from ischemic injury and an increase in depressive-like behavior was observed in isolated mice as compared to pair-housed mice, suggesting an overall negative effect of social isolation on stroke outcome, potentially contributing to post-stroke depression and anxiety.

TL;DR: Together, partner loss elicits anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors, disrupts bond-related behaviors, and alters neuropeptide systems that regulate such behaviors and may provide a model to better understand the behavior, pathology, and neurobiology underlying partner loss and grief.

TL;DR: It is shown that oral administration of fingolimod ameliorated the impairment in object recognition memory and associative learning in mice injected with amyloid β and was associated with restoration of normal BDNF expression levels in the cerebral cortices and hippocampi, suggesting that neuroprotection was mediated by up-regulation of neuronal BDNF levels.

TL;DR: The results suggest that a familiar conspecific is more effective for social buffering of conditioned fear responses, particularly when the box was odorized by a familiar Conspecific rather than by an unfamiliar conspecial.

TL;DR: It is found that both male and female Fmr1 KO mice displayed significant audiogenic seizures, hyperactivity in the open field test, deficits in passive avoidance and contextual fear memory, and significant enhancement of PPI at low stimulus intensity.

TL;DR: The presence of a cagemate, as compared to a stranger, possibly reduced the demonstrator's pain-induced behavior, suggesting an ameliorating effect of familiarity on stress responses.

TL;DR: Patients with tinnitus do not present a general attentional deficit but rather a specific deficit for top-down executive control of attention, and recent neurobiological models suggesting that prefrontal cortex activity might especially be related to tinnitis habituation are discussed.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that a Drosophila long-lived strain, possessing enhanced activity of antioxidant enzymes and higher rate of resistance to oxidative stress, shows lower extent of AMI compared to normal lifespan strain.

TL;DR: The data show that treatment of streptozotocin-induced diabetic (DBT) rats with INS prevented the blood glucose increase, reduced the immobility time, an antidepressant-like behavior, and normalized the reduced weight gain in DBT rats, and provide further evidence of the importance of oxidative stress in PFC and HIP in the pathophysiology of depression related to diabetes.

TL;DR: The results support orexin-A to be a REM sleep stabilizing factor and provide functional signs for effects of orex in-A on sleep alterations and attention in narcolepsy with cataplexy.

TL;DR: An overall decrease in basal startle response and spontaneous locomotion in offspring born to Poly I:C- compared to saline-treated dams is found, accompanied by increased microglial density with characteristics of non-reactive activation in the chronic stage of the model.

TL;DR: The results may suggest an exercise adaptation-related change in the BDNF dose-response curve that relates to hippocampal memory.

TL;DR: Results suggest that the smaller ACC and insular cortex within the limbic-prefrontal circuit contribute to the pathogenesis of PTSD, and the PTSD patients with different types of trauma may have different cerebral deficits.