Showing papers in "Biochemical Pharmacology in 1979"

TL;DR: The role of acrolein as the causative agent in cyclophosphamide cystitis was proven and N-acetyl-l-cysteine protection against this toxicity was demonstrated.

TL;DR: 2-pyrazoline inhibits both pathways of arachidonic acid metabolism in vitro and causes a dose-dependent reduction in carrageenin-induced oedema in the rat paw, and BW755C reduces prostaglandin concentration in inflammatory exudates and has a significantly greater effect on leukocyte migration than indomethacin.

TL;DR: It is concluded that domperidone, though a very potent and specific dopamine antagonist, cannot readily cross the blood brain barrier, which thus prevents the occurrence of central effects.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that the drug-induced depletion of liver glutathione leads in vivo to lipid peroxidation, provided that the glutathion level has been diminished by starvation, and the data indicate that glutithione depletion alone by other mechanisms does not account for lipidperoxidation.

TL;DR: Evidence for the presence of N -acetyl- p -quinoneimine (NAPQI), a postulated toxic intermediate of acetaminophen metabolism, in mouse liver microsomal incubations is reported and is moderately stable at physiological pH and temperature with a lifetime which is dependent on the components of the medium.

TL;DR: It is suggested that melanin may be able to oxidize chlorpromazine to a positive ion radical, explaining the firm binding of the substance to melanin and the evidence in the literature favouring this possibility are discussed.

TL;DR: The enzyme, adenosylhomocysteine hydrolase, may be considered a prime biological target in terms of in vivo regulation of transmethylation reactions, and the hypothesis that the ratio AdoMet/AdoHcy may be of critical importance in the regulation of biological methylations is supported.

TL;DR: The reliability and utility of this cell preparation as a model system for the study of drug metabolism by the kidney is established.

TL;DR: Most of the amphipathic drugs acting on nerves and some other drugs were found to induce instantly one of two typical types of shape changes of human erythrocytes when added into the cell suspension, suggesting the intramembraneous translocation of these drugs.

TL;DR: The estimated turnover numbers for benzo[a]pyrene hydroxylase and aminopyrine demethylase, and the influence of 7,8-benzoflavone in vitro on benzo,[a] pyrene hydoxylase indicate that the cytochromes P-450 in different fish tissues are not catalytically equivalent.

TL;DR: Results suggest that formaldehyde is not a major factor in the toxic syndrome produced by meethanol in the monkey, and the predominant role of formic acid as the major metabolic agent for methanol toxicity is certified.

TL;DR: The results support the idea that the asialo-glycoprotein receptors of hepatocytes are internalized regardless of binding of ligand.

TL;DR: Results suggest that an active metabolite of N -hydroxynorcocaine may be responsible for the liver damage observed after injection of cocaine into mice, and suggests fairly strict structure requirements for activation.

TL;DR: The equilibrium distribution of radioactively labelled amphiphilic drugs between a water phase and liposomes was determined and the extent of binding of the drugs occurred in increasing order.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the inhibitory effects of these substances on neurotransmission result from its inhibitory effect on the entry of calcium into the nerve endings.

TL;DR: In this article, the importance of tumor cell heterogeneity and differentiation in neoplasia has been studied using cancer cells obtained from murine mammary tumors and rhabdomyosarcoma, as well as from patients with carcinoma of the colon.

TL;DR: A marked increase in the activities of several hepatic enzymes in CD-1 mice was associated with increased liver weights and total protein contents, especially of the microsomal and cytosol fractions.

TL;DR: The interaction of human platelet MAO-B with three substrates (β-phenethylamine, tryptamine and benzylamine) has been investigated in an attempt to determine whether or not there exists heterogeneity of this enzyme form.

TL;DR: Since acetamide has been shown previously to be a liver carcinogen for rats, its presence in the urine and the feces should be considered, together with other indirect evidence, when determining the possible risk of cancer to patients given metronidazole.

TL;DR: The electrochemical results suggest a correlation between the diminished generation of Superoxide anion by 5-iminodaunorubicin and its observed suppressed cardiotoxicity relative to other anthracyclines.

TL;DR: A role played by the GABA system is suggested in the convulsant action of M P and in the antiseizure activity of several clinically useful anticonvulsants as well as AOAA and gabaculine.

TL;DR: Data indicate that the decrease in the ethanol elimination rate with fasting and food restriction may be caused by decreasing ADH activity, since the cytosolic free NAD+/ NADH in liver after acute administration of alcohol in vivo has been reported to be nearly identical in the fed and 48 hr-fasted rats.

TL;DR: Inhibition by berberine of the biosynthesis of macromolecules may reflect such primary actions as inhibition of glucose utilization and interaction with nucleic acids.

TL;DR: The results indicate that α1-acid glycoprotein is the main propranolol binding protein in human serum, and is related to concentrations of albumin and lipoproteins.