Showing papers in "Biochemical Pharmacology in 1984"

TL;DR: A synthetic seleno-organic compound, 2-phenyl-1,2-benzoisoselenazol-3(2H)-one (PZ 51), exhibits GSH peroxidase-like activity in vitro, in contrast to its sulfur analog, PZ 25, which behaves as an antioxidant shown by a temporary protection of rat liver microsomes against ascorbate/ADP-Fe-induced lipid peroxidation.

TL;DR: Low GSH concentrations, as well as low activities of glutathione reductase, GPx -I, GPX -II, and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, may render the inner medullary region of kidney particularly vulnerable to paracetamol-related analgesic nephropathy.

TL;DR: In mouse liver microsomes, NADPH-dependent aminopyrine dealkylation was totally inhibited in the presence of 50 mumol/1 PZ 51, and in vivo experiments with Se-deficient mice showed that the Se-moiety of Pz 51 is not available for the synthesis of the selenoenzyme GSH-Px after dietary treatment or i.p. doses up to 25 mg Se.

TL;DR: Modification of platelet cyclic AMP metabolism through inhibition of phosphodiesterase activity was found to be the probable mechanism of their antiaggregating effect.

TL;DR: Since BSO does not affect cytochrome P-450 or conjugating enzyme activity, its use as a specific depletor of tissue GSH in the investigation of mechanisms of xenobiotic-induced toxicities is preferable to the standard GSH-depleting agents as these have other enzyme effects.

TL;DR: Heterogeneity of phorbol ester binding is demonstrated by reconstitution of apo-receptor into a heterogeneous lipid environment and an outstanding issue is whether protein kinase C is the phorbl ester receptor or whether it is only the most abundant class of receptor.

TL;DR: Since adenosine is released into the circulation of asthmatic subjects following bronchial provocation with antigen, causes bronchoconstriction and has the ability to modulate mast cell histamine release, this nucleoside should be considered as an additional inflammatory mediator of allergic reactions.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented which suggests that amongst the principle metabolite species are an hydrolysis product and methionine substitution products of cisplatin, which are more nephrotoxic but less effective antitumour agents than the parent compound.

TL;DR: The data suggest that, although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents may inhibit discrete neutrophil functions both in vitro and in vivo, their effects do not duplicate those of polyenoic inhibitors of arachidonate metabolism.

TL;DR: In vitro data can be explained on the basis of a selective peroxide scavenging and/or GSH-Px-like activity of PZ 51, offering a novel approach to anti-inflammatory therapy.

TL;DR: Examination of the distribution of microsomal glutathione transferase in different organelles, in different organs, and in different organisms found that Toad was the only species that had a notable (twofold) sex difference in their level of hepatic microsomes from extrahepatic tissues.

TL;DR: The findings suggest that the biochemical pathways leading to secretion differ subtly from one stimulus to another, and the flavonoids may be useful probes in comparative analysis of secretory phenomena.

TL;DR: Pharmacological evidence that Ca2+-dependent phosphodiesterase mainly hydrolyzes cyclic GMP in vascular smooth muscle is provided by vinpocetine, which may induce vascular relaxation by increasing cyclicGMP contents in vascular smoother muscle through selective inhibition of Ca2+.

TL;DR: Comparison of LM4a and LM4b by amino acid composition, peptide mapping, kinetic properties, sensitivity to alpha-naphthoflavone, and regioselectivity towards benzo[a]pyrene-dihydrodiol formation indicates that these forms are highly similar in structure and function.

TL;DR: The results suggest that both the cell membrane damage and DNA damage induced by menadione are mediated by one-electron reduction of the quinone to free radical intermediate(s).

TL;DR: In the presence of ferric ions, doxorubicin forms a complex which self-reduces the iron moiety to form a ferrous complex which can generate active radicals able to degrade deoxyribose as well as form a species greatly stimulatory towards lipid peroxidation.

TL;DR: The tendency to interpret anomalous or intriguing results in terms of new receptor subtypes seems to have reached its peak and the need to apply severe criteria becomes imperative before concluding that a binding site may be called a receptor site.

TL;DR: The binding of gamma-hydroxy[2,3-3H]butyric acid (GHB) was characterized in rat and human brain synaptosomal membranes and suggests that GHB may play a role as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in brain independent of GABA.

TL;DR: The most likely mechanism for the protective effect of cysteine, methionine and NAC is by facilitating GSH synthesis, while the most likely mechanisms for the Protective effect of Cysteamine is inhibition of cytochrome P-450 mediated formation of the reactive metabolite of APAP.

TL;DR: Competitions by (-)sulpiride, metoclopramide, and DOMP for [3H]SPIRO binding sites in the presence of ketanserin are steep, demonstrating that the previously observed heterogeneity of these sites is due entirely to serotonergic [ 3H]spiroperidol binding.

TL;DR: The hypothesis that N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI), a postulated ultimate reactive metabolite of paracetamol (pHAA), is the ultimate reactive formed from pHAA is further supported.