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Showing papers in "Biochemical Pharmacology in 1998"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It appeared that when the free hydroxyl group was methoxylated or glycosylated, the inhibitory activity was obviously decreased or even abolished, and that tannins have more potential than flavonoids for free-radical scavenging.

585 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a T helper 1 (Th1) subset of T cells and their cytokine products, i.e., interleukin 2 (IL-2), interferon gamma (IFNgamma), and tumor necrosis factor beta (TNFbeta), dominate over an immunoregulatory (suppressor) T helper 2 (Th2) subset.

495 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is reported that in ex vivo cultured BALB/c mouse peritoneal macrophages, 1-20 microM of curcumin reduced the production of iNOS mRNA in a concentration-dependent manner, and it was demonstrated that, in vivo, two oral treatments of 0.5 mL of a 10-microM solution of cur cumin reduced iN OS mRNA expression in the livers of lipopolysaccharide-injected mice by 50-70%.

392 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Among the thiol agents tested for their efficacy to modulate cellular redox status, N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) and alpha-lipoic acid hold promise for clinical use.

360 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Compared the efficacy of capecitabine and 5-FUra at their maximum tolerated doses in CXF280, HCT116, COLO205, and WiDr human colon cancer xenograft models, and measured subsequent 5'-FUra and 5'-dFUrd levels in tumors and in the plasma and muscle, cape citabine might show its high efficacy as a result of delivering high levels of 5'FUra selectively to the tumors.

327 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest that the anti-angiogenic effects of thalidomide may only be observed following metabolic activation of the compound, and that this metabolite can be formed in both humans and rabbits, but not in rodents.

308 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A correlation for eight antimalarial quinolines between inhibition of haematin polymerisation in vitro and inhibition of P. falciparum growth in culture is demonstrated, confirming haematar polymerisation as the likely target of quinoline blood schizonticides.

301 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is found that CQ and amodiaquine competitively inhibit the degradation of heme by glutathione, thus allowing heme to accumulate in membranes, and a relationship exists between membrane heme levels and the extent of parasite killing.

293 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: For the majority of flavonoids tested, iron chelation does not play a role in the antioxidant activity in microsomal lipid peroxidation, and the IC50 values in the iron-independent LPO assay showed an excellent correlation with the oxidation potentials.

291 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Heterotrimeric GTP-binding protein (G-protein)-coupled receptors are able to induce a variety of responses including cell proliferation, differentiation, and activation of several intracellular kinase cascades.

279 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors expressed human flavin-containing monooxygenase 1 (FMO1), FMO3, FMO4t (truncated), and FMO5 in the baculovirus expression vector system at levels of 6 to 24 nmol FMO/mg of membrane protein.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: These observations suggest facile absorption of quercetin through the human intestinal epithelium, but contrary to a previous proposal, they do not support an active transport process for quercETin glucosides.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The concepts of cell volume regulation and the loss of volume during apoptosis are reviewed and the current understanding of ion movement as it relates to the activation of the cell death process is underscored.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The data are consistent with the hypothesis that GSH depletion could contribute to neuronal apoptosis in Parkinson's disease through oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction and the crucial role of GSH for maintaining the integrity of mitochondrial function in neuronal cells.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results suggest that the chemopreventive effect of curcumin may be due, in part, to its ability to compete with aryl hydrocarbons for both the AhR and CYP1A1.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The significance of free radicals in the accumulation of AGEs and cross-linking of collagen in diabetes confirms the significance of curcumin administration for the prevention of A GE-induced complications of diabetes mellitus.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In vitro metabolic models using human liver microsomes can be applied to quantitative prediction of in vivo drug interactions caused by reversible inhibition of metabolism, and may ultimately yield more cost-effective and expeditious screening for drug interactions, with reduced human drug exposure and risk.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Interestingly, under physiological conditions, Hsp90 seems to perform its chaperone function in a complex with a set of partner proteins, suggesting that the Hsp 90 complex is a multi-chaperone machine specialized in guiding the maturation of conformationally labile proteins.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The sulfhydryl reagents dithiothreitol and reduced glutathione completely blocked the inhibition of AlDH by Angeli's salt and were able to partially restore activity to the nitroxyl-inhibited enzyme, the extent of reactivation being dependent on the pH at which the inactivation occurred.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the structural similarity of NNN and NNK with nicotine was found to contribute to the genesis of small cell lung carcinoma in smokers via chronic stimulation of the alpha BTX-sensitive nAChR-subtype expressed in these cells.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results suggest that the Cys144 variant of CYP2C9 catalyzes the CYP 2C9 substrates at rates comparative to, but slightly lower than, those of wild-type CYP1C9, while the Leu359-allelic variant has slower rates for the oxidation of these drug substrates.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The increased rate obtained with the double mutant displaying characteristics of the B cholinesterase active center provides a rationale for higher efficacy of CPO scavenging by BChE, compared with AChE.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The chapter concludes that Rac regulatory functions and interaction with proteins are essential and can transduce its signal pathway in mammals as well as in plants.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The induction of a number of drug-metabolizing enzymes is among the best-understood biochemical effects of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) and related agonists of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR).

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The hypothesis that resveratrol may be efficient at different sites: in the protein and lipid moieties of LDL and in their aqueous environment is supported.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that although the finding that some opioids are weak noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists in vitro has created much attention among clinicians, no clinical studies have been conducted to evaluate the applicability of these compounds in the treatment of neuropathic pain conditions.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is hypothesized that PEI inhibits the adsorptive endocytosis of 125I-labeled bovine serum albumin, and thus its subsequent intralysosomal digestion, by competing with and displacing the labeled protein from its binding sites on the visceral yolk sac cell surface.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Novel experimental therapies based on the modulation of adrenergic or purinergic receptors on immune cells are emerging and may have beneficial effects in limiting tissue injury and suppressing symptoms in certain pathophysiological states.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: When co-expressed with the reductase, human P450 catalyzed the oxidation of representative substrates at efficient rates comparable to the reported activities of P 450 in a reconstituted system containing purified preparations of P450 and the reduCTase.