Showing papers in "Biochemical Pharmacology in 2003"

TL;DR: The significance of GSH as a major factor in regulation of cell life, proliferation, and death, should be regarded as the integrated result of all these roles it can play.

TL;DR: There are two serotonin systems in vertebrates, independently regulated and with distinct functions, and these findings clarify puzzling data, which have been collected over the last decades about partially purified TPH proteins with different characteristics and justify a new concept of the serotonin system.

TL;DR: The results show that DCFH is oxidized to the fluorescent compound 2',7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF) in human neutrophils exposed to the following compounds: Aroclor (A)1242, hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), nitric oxide (NO), and FeSO(4).

TL;DR: Despite being frequently used as a solvent in biological studies and as a vehicle for drug therapy, the side-effects of DMSO (undesirable for these purposes) are apparent from its utilization in the laboratory (both in vivo and in vitro) and in clinical settings.

TL;DR: Together these cytokines regulate cell growth/survival/apoptosis in a complex dance of changing partners and overlapping steps.

TL;DR: The non-competitive or mixed mode of AChE inhibition was confirmed to be an essential feature in the HuAChE-induced Abeta aggregation.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the antitumor action of fucoidan is due, at least in part, to its anti-angiogenic potency and that increasing the number of sulfate groups in the fucoidans molecule contributes to the effectiveness of itsAnti-angIogenic and antitumors activities.

TL;DR: Investigation of the role of tumor acidity in resistance to a panel of chemotherapeutic agents commonly used against breast cancer finds that microenvironment-based ion trapping is a significant barrier to anthracycline-based chemotherapy and can itself be a therapeutic target to enhance the efficacy of existing chemotherapies.

TL;DR: It was found that quercetin shows extrinsic optical activity on interaction with HSA, and the molecule was found to be bound in the large hydrophobic cavity of subdomain IIA, which is able to help to stabilize the negatively charged ligand bound in non-planar conformation.

TL;DR: The effects of 18 selected flavonoids of variable structure on pure rabbit reticulocyte and soybean 15-lipoxygenases using linoleic acid as substrate revealed that the presence of a hydroxyl group in the flavonoid molecule is not essential and a catechol arrangement reinforces the inhibitory effect.

TL;DR: A hypothetical sequence of the pathogenic steps linking sporadic AD, FAD, and Abeta production with mitochondrial dysfunction, caspase pathway, and neuronal loss is emphasized.

TL;DR: The mechanism of absorption of quercetin-4'-glucoside involves both an interaction with SGLT1 and luminal hydrolysis by LPH, whereas quercETin-3-glucOSide appears to be absorbed only following hydrolytic action of LPH.

TL;DR: It is proposed that DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are common ultimate apoptosis-triggering lesions arising from primary DNA lesions during DNA replication, and DNA replication is a necessary component in DNA damage-triggered apoptosis, at least in fibroblasts treated with genotoxins not inducing DSBs themselves.

TL;DR: The ROS accumulation system has been used as a model of oxidative stress to discuss whether ROS-mediated DNA fragmentation associated with cell death is based on apoptosis or necrosis.

TL;DR: The data presented here prove that the ROS generation plays a role in the inhibition of histone acetylation, and, hence, the gene suppression and carcinogenesis caused by Ni2+ exposure, providing a new door for us to continuously understand the mechanism of ROS in the carcinogenicity of Ni2- and the resistance of mammalian cells to Ni2+.

TL;DR: The notion that nobiletin is likely to be a candidate for characterization as a novel immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory drug is supported.

TL;DR: It is shown that HepG2 cells can absorb and turnover quercetin glucuronides and that human endogenous beta-glucuronidase activity could modulate the intracellular biological activities of dietary antioxidant flavonoids.

TL;DR: Results presented here show that all forms of Vitamin E are able to activate gene expression via the pregnane X receptor (PXR), a nuclear receptor regulating a variety of drug metabolizing enzymes, pointing to a potential interference of individual forms ofitamin E with the metabolism and efficacy of drugs.

TL;DR: This commentary focuses on the biochemical and molecular processes responsible for the cytotoxic actions of Mn and the role that cellular transport plays in mediating the physiological as well as the toxicological actions of this metal.

TL;DR: It is suggested that PGs are a new class of anticancer drugs, which hold out considerable promise for the Pharmacological Industry.

TL;DR: The increasing evidence for caspase function in non-apoptotic cellular events suggests that caspases play a much more diverse role than previously assumed.

TL;DR: It is proposed that the complexity of the situation in the field of COX-derived mediators should be borne in mind when anti-inflammatory therapy is required.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that flavonols widely distributed in human diet such as quercetin and kaempferol, exert a potent inhibitory effect on in vitro bone resorption.

TL;DR: While curcumin has several different molecular targets within the MAPK and PI3K/PKB signalling pathways that could contribute to inhibition of proliferation and induction of apoptosis, inhibition of basal activity of Akt/P KB, but not ERK, may facilitate apoptosis in the tumour cell line.

TL;DR: From the present study, wogonin was proved to differentially regulate the expression of inflammation-associated genes in vivo and to become a useful therapeutic agent for skin inflammatory diseases mainly due to its modulation of theexpression of proinflammatory molecules.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided on the role of HO-1 in the inhibition of LPS-induced NO production by flavonoids by dose-dependent stimulation of flavonoid- and hemin-treated cells and enhanced their inhibitory effects on L PS-induced nitric oxide production and iNOS protein expression.

TL;DR: The author will focus on the most recent evidence indicating the unique role of Na(+), K(+)-ATPase in cell death, including apoptosis and the newly recognized "hybrid death" of concurrent apoptotic and necrosis in the same cells.

TL;DR: Results demonstrate that, relative to the magnitude of the primary DNA-Pt lesions, oxaliplatin is disproportionately more potent than cisplatin in the induction of apoptosis, and Apoptosis induction, possibly enhanced by a contribution of targets other than DNA, seems to be an important factor in the mechanism of action of oxali Platin.

TL;DR: In conclusion, this data give some first insight in the mode of action of statins to reduce the prevalence of AD in clinical trials.

TL;DR: The mitochondrial pathway is very likely the only pathway involved in diclofenac-induced apoptosis, which was related to CYP-mediated metabolism of dic LFO, with the highest apoptotic effect produced by the metabolite 5OH-dicl ofenac.