Showing papers in "Biochemical Pharmacology in 2021"

TL;DR: Recent insights into the influence of PRR activation and inflammasomes on viral infections and what this means for the mammalian host are discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a brief overview of mechanisms of siRNA action, physiological barriers to its delivery and activity, and the most common chemical modifications and delivery platforms used to overcome these barriers.

TL;DR: Oral administration of crystal form β of baicalein could reach its effective concentration against SARS-CoV-2 and might be a promising therapeutic drug for the treatment of COVID-19.

TL;DR: Among these 53 drugs, based on various clinical trials and literature, remdesivir, nelfinavir, methylpredinosolone, colchicine, famotidine and emetine may be used for COVID-19, a succinct overview of various therapeutic modalities is provided.

TL;DR: The functions of TAMs in the TME are summarized and the latest TAM-based regimens in cancer treatment are introduced to comprehensively introduce the latest strategies for tumor therapy.

TL;DR: In this paper, the interindividual differences in sleep timing are known as morningness-eveningness preferences or chronotype, e.g. late chronotypes go to bed later and early chronotypes wake up earlier.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed an anti-inflammatory therapy for the P2X7 receptor and the NLRP3 pathway and the introduction of new blocking molecules in early phase clinical trials.

TL;DR: Ferroptosis is a new mode of cell death different from cell necrosis, autophagy, apoptosis, and pyropsosis, which depends on the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by iron-mediated lipid peroxidation, exhibits cellular, molecular and gene-level characteristics distinct from other cell deaths as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that chronic CS leads to upregulation of bronchial ACE2 inducing a high vulnerability in COVID-19 smoker patients, which may contribute to the potential pathogenesis of pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

TL;DR: Structural information obtained by crystallography of the human P2Y1 and P2y12 receptor proteins, site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling will facilitate the rational design of novel selective drugs.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the current knowledge about the established roles of PLK1 in mitosis regulation and beyond, and discuss its tumor promoting but also tumor suppressing capacities, as well as the available small compound KL1 inhibitors, elaborating on their efficacy and limitations.

TL;DR: In this article, a 14-day treatment with minocycline increased the survival rate and promoted functional outcomes evaluated with neurobehavioral evaluation, rotarod test, and corner turning test.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented in support of the current and potential therapeutic value of countering local and systemic acid-base imbalances, several of which do in fact involve the administration of baking soda (sodium bicarbonate).

TL;DR: The goals of this review are to put ASOs in pharmacological context and compare their behavior as pharmacological agents to the those of siRNAs.

TL;DR: A short overview traces the development of ectoenzymes with broad substrate specificity and briefly highlights important results and benefits for therapies of human diseases achieved within nearly a century of investigations.

TL;DR: Ferroptosis is a recently defined form of programmed cell death that is different from apoptosis as discussed by the authors, it is an iron-dependent programmed celldeath and the accumulation of lipid hydroperoxides to lethal levels make ferroptoses distinct.

TL;DR: In this article, the common characteristics of obesity and aging and the alterations in white adipose tissue and resident immune cells were reviewed, focusing on the metabolic derangements in obese and aging such as inflammation and regenerative tissue remodeling.

TL;DR: An updated view of the structure and function of Eg5-inhibitor complexes is presented, the possible development of resistance to Eg5 inhibitors and their potential therapeutic applications are traced, and the current challenges and future directions of this active field in drug discovery are surveyed.

TL;DR: The literature regarding the role of ATP signaling via P2X3Rs (as well as P2 X2/3Rs) in primary afferent neurons and via P 2X4Rs and P2x7Rs in spinal cord microglia in chronic pain is summarized, and their respective therapeutic potentials are discussed.

TL;DR: The expression levels of AL KBH1 in lung cancer tissues and cells were up regulated and the invasion and migration abilities of lung cancer cells were significantly suppressed in vitro upon the silencing of ALKBH1 while they were significantly promoted upon its overexpression.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that treatment with either melatonin or metformin provided cardioprotection against Dox-induced cardiotoxicity through mitochondrial protection in Wistar rats, where the left ventricular (LV) function, oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial function, dynamics, biogenesis and bioenergetics, mitophagia, autophagy, and apoptosis were determined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the signal transduction and molecular mechanism involving immune function through the JAK-STAT pathway, outline the role of this pathway in auto-immunity and oncoimmunology, and explain the preclinical and clinical trial evidence for the therapeutic potential of targeting the Janus kinase (JAK) signaling pathway.

TL;DR: In metabolic disorders there is a role for both adenosine receptors and nucleotide receptors, of which there are two classes, i.e. P2Y metabotropic and P2X ionotropic receptors.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of IMP on MRGPRX2 related mast cell activation in mouse peritoneal MC (MPMC), Human Laboratory of Allergic Disease 2 MCs (LAD2 cells) and MRgprx2-expressing HEK293 cells was examined.

TL;DR: This review paper traces the historical origins of many currently used antagonists and agonists for P2 receptors, as well as adenosine receptors, in early attempts to identify ligands for these receptors - prior to the use of chemical libraries for screening.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss targeting EAAT2, the predominant glutamate transporter in the CNS, as a promising approach for developing therapies for epilepsy, which is a complex neurological syndrome characterized by seizures resulting from neuronal hyperexcitability and sudden and synchronized bursts of electrical discharges.

TL;DR: In this paper, an overview of the main molecular mechanisms driving the fibrotic process together with the currently approved and newly proposed therapeutic solutions was given, in order to compare PF and COVID-19-dependent PF, highlighting shared and specific mechanisms.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of baicalin on the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway was investigated in a chronic mild unpredictable stress (CUMS) model of depression, and the results indicated that Baicalin alleviated CUMS-induced depression-like behavior, and improved the nerve cells survival of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) in CUMS induced depression of model mice and increased Ki-67- and doublecortin (DCX)-positive cells to restore CUMSinduced suppression of hippocampal neurogenesis.

TL;DR: A classic workflow for lncRNA expression network analysis is presented, providing guidance for non-bioinformaticians to identify significant correlation between lncRNAs and other biomolecules.

TL;DR: The role of GPX3 in various cancers, its use as a prognostic biomarker, and a potential target for clinical intervention are summarized.