Showing papers in "Biochemical Pharmacology in 2022"

TL;DR: The obesogen hypothesis as mentioned in this paper posits that exposure to endocrine disruptors and other chemicals can alter the development and function of the adipose tissue, liver, pancreas, gastrointestinal tract, and brain, thus changing the set point for control of metabolism.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors discuss preclinical and clinical studies pertaining to how ketamine and its metabolites produce antidepressant effects and explore effects on glutamate neurotransmission through N-methyl D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptors (AMPARs), synaptic structural changes via brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling, interactions with opioid receptors, and the enhancement of serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine signaling.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors focus on the genetics, viruses, insulin resistance, inflammation, gut microbiome, and circadian rhythms that promote obesity, along with hormones, growth factors, and organs and tissues that control its development.

TL;DR: Concerns such as technical issues in the characterization and analysis of circRNAs along with biological understanding gaps necessary to be considered are considered to transfer this undeveloped field to the vanguard of clinical studies are considered.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper found that exogenous supplementation of itaconate can activate Nrf2, and accordingly inhibit the STING-dependent NF-κB pathway, thereby alleviating the inflammation, ECM degeneration and senescence of chondrocytes stimulated by IL-1β.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors discuss the biogenesis, classification, extraction and identification of extracellular vesicles, clarify the role of bioactive molecules in EVs in skeletal muscle growth, regeneration and atrophy and explore the potential of EVs as a novel biomarker and therapeutic carrier for skeletal muscle diseases.

TL;DR: In this article , the role of DAMPs and components of the DAMP-signaling cascade, including Siglecs and their cognate ligands CD24 and CD52, in COVID-19 was investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper , the role of cholesterol in the progression of some cancers is discussed and the specific roles of the lipoprotein molecules, such as high-density and low-density LDL, in this pathogenesis are reviewed.

TL;DR: MaR1 significantly inhibited an excessive inflammatory response and proinflammatory markers during LPS/D-GalN-induced acute liver injury (ALI) caused by sepsis as discussed by the authors .

TL;DR: The limitations and strengths of currently available "selective" 5-HT2AR antagonists, the molecular determinants of antagonist selectivity at 5-H2ARs, and the utility of molecular pharmacology and computational methods in guiding the discovery of novel unambiguously selective 5-TH 2A G protein-coupled receptor antagonists are discussed in this article .

TL;DR: In this article , the effects of vitaminD on the epigenome and transcriptome of stromal and tumor cells, inter-individual variations in vitaminD responsiveness and their relation to the prevention and possible therapy of cancer are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article , the etiological and pathogenic importance of vascular endotheliitis in infection-related inflammatory diseases, including COVID-19, and possible mechanisms leading to VETs are discussed.

TL;DR: The authors evaluated the respiratory depressant effects of seven fentanyl analogs and their effects on minute volume as compared to mu-opioid receptor (MOR) agonist standards (fentanyl, morphine, and buprenorphine).

TL;DR: In this article , a biomarker for early detection of endothelial dysfunction is proposed, which is a systemic disorder in which traditional cardiovascular risk factors such as aging, gender, hypertension, smoking, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia, as well as emerging risk determinants, such as fetal factors, gut microbiome alteration, clonal hematopoiesis, air pollution, and sleep disorders act synergistically to tip the endothelial balance in favor of vasoconstrictive, pro-inflammatory, and pro-thrombotic phenotypes.

TL;DR: In this paper , the role of the FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) in mitophagy and mitochondrial dynamics is reviewed, and a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of several human diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).

TL;DR: A review of current insight into the molecular machinery of hepatic amino acid transport can be found in this article , where the authors place this information in a comprehensive overview of Amino acid transport, signalling and metabolism.

TL;DR: In this article , the effect of resveratrol, a natural molecule chemosensitizer, in enhancing the effects of the third generation PARPi, talazoparib (BMN673), against breast adenocarcinoma was explored.

TL;DR: Cisplatin is a widely used chemotherapy agent in the treatment of various forms of carcinomas and sarcomas as mentioned in this paper , however, the chemotherapy use of cisplatin and its derivatives is hampered by the occurrence of major side effects in a significant percentage of cancer patients, thus limiting considerably its prolonged utilization.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as discussed by the authors used Myricetin (my) to inhibit IFNγ-induced PD-L1 expression in human lung cancer cells, which reduced the expression of IDO1 and the production of kynurenine.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors introduce important proteins involved in the structure and the functions of the MAMs and summarize major insights about these proteins that are involved in physiopathology of several diseases through the effect on MAM.

TL;DR: In this paper , a review of pharmacological classes available on the clinical settings improve blood pressure by interfering in the cardiac output and/or vascular function, including RAAS inhibitors, dual angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors, endothelin-1 receptor antagonists, soluble guanylate cyclase modulators, phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors in the context of hypertension.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors summarized the metabolic fates in humans and animals and the key enzymes that metabolize AFB1, including cytochrome P450s (CYP450s) for AFB1 bioactivation, glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) and aflatoxin-aldehyde reductases (AFARs) in detoxification.

TL;DR: A review of breast cancer targeted therapeutics can be found in this article , where the authors provide the rationale for their indications and summarize clinical data in patients with different breast cancer subtypes, their impact on breast cancer progression and survival and their major adverse effects.

TL;DR: In this article , an overview of antiviral signaling pathways leading to the activation of IRF3 and discuss recent developments in our understanding of its proximal regulation are discussed, as well as their contextual involvement and complex composition are still unclear.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors discuss the physiological roles of 27HC targeting these two nuclear receptors and the subsequent contribution to cancer progression, and describe how 27HC promotes tumor growth directly through cancer-intrinsic factors, and indirectly through its immunomodulatory roles which lead to decreased immune surveillance and increased tumor invasion.

TL;DR: In this paper , the authors discuss the biogenesis and production of exosomes along with the loading and modification methods of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs-EVs) and describe numerous MSC-EV-based delivery studies with a focus on advantages and challenges when using them as a drug delivery system.

TL;DR: A review of NASH/HCC models can be found in this paper, where the authors discuss the ability of these models to recapitulate the liver alterations that precede and lead to HCC progression, as well as the impact of the diet on liver injury progression.

TL;DR: A review of NASH/HCC models can be found in this article , where the authors discuss the ability of these models to recapitulate the liver alterations that precede and lead to HCC progression, as well as the impact of the diet on liver injury progression.

TL;DR: An overview of the role of NO, H2S and CO in the brain is given in this paper , where an overview of their respective physiologic roles in brain is provided.

TL;DR: In this article , the authors provide a comprehensive review of the literature on OS metastasis and chemosensitivity and suggest that miRNA mimics and antagomiRs may be helpful to increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy drugs in the treatment of metastatic OS.