Showing papers in "Biochimica et Biophysica Acta in 2005"

TL;DR: The basis of the CD approach and its application to the study of proteins, and clear guidelines on how reliable data can be obtained and analysed are presented.

TL;DR: The major fate of oxidised proteins is catabolism by proteosomal and lysosomal pathways, but some materials appear to be poorly degraded and accumulate within cells, and the accumulation of such damaged material may contribute to a range of human pathologies.

TL;DR: Novel drugs modulate the activity of the p38 MAPK and JNK signalling cascades, and exhibit anti-inflammatory effects in preclinical disease models, primarily through the inhibition of the expression of inflammatory mediators.

TL;DR: Inhibition of this tau abnormality is one of the most promising therapeutic approaches to AD and other tauopathies.

TL;DR: It is suggested that the margins, the strongly folded regions of the membranes that connect thegrana, are essentially protein-free, and that protein-protein interactions in the lumen also determine the shape of the grana.

TL;DR: There is convincing evidence that carotenoids are important components of the antioxidant network and photooxidative damage is suggested to be involved in the pathobiochemistry of several diseases affecting the skin and the eye, and carotanoids may protect light-exposed tissues.

TL;DR: The rich phase behavior observed in binary and ternary systems is described, including miscibility behavior varies with lipid type, lipid ratio, lipid oxidation, and level of impurity.

TL;DR: A review of the approaches, major findings and unresolved problems in alkaline pH homeostasis, focusing on the small number of well-characterized alkali-tolerant and extremely alkaliphilic bacteria.

TL;DR: Inhibition of the association of the gelatinases with cell-surface integrins appears to offer highly specific means to target these enzymes without inhibiting their catalytic activity in multiple cell types including endothelial cells, tumor cells and leukocytes.

TL;DR: This review aims to summarize the key properties and the mechanism of action of SNAREs in mammalian cells.

TL;DR: The present state of the investigations concerning the different steps in the reversible electropermeabilization process is described and the different hypotheses, which were proposed to give a molecular description of the membrane events, are critically discussed.

TL;DR: Overall, flavonoids display moderate affinities for albumins (binding constants in the range 1-15 x 10(4) M(-1), flavones and flavonols being most tightly bound), and it can be proposed that the binding of flavonol primarily takes place in subdomain IIA.

TL;DR: This work focuses on two induced indirect defences, namely the de novo production of volatiles and the secretion of extrafloral nectar, which both mediate interactions with organisms from higher trophic levels and ecological aspects of these two indirect defences such as their variability, specificity, evolution as well as their ecological relevance in nature.

TL;DR: Some of the characteristics of different endocytic pathways in high and lower eukaryotes are considered and one theme which becomes apparent is that apparently different pathways can share common molecular machinery and that pathways considered to be distinct actually represent similar basic pathways to which additional levels of regulatory complexity have been added.

TL;DR: Given the increasing evidence that a disruption in the normal phosphorylation state of tau plays a key role in the pathogenic events that occur in Alzheimer's disease and other neurodegenerative conditions, it is of crucial importance that the protein kinases and phosphatases that regulate tau phosphorylated in vivo as well as the signaling cascades that regulate them be identified.

TL;DR: Indications were found that the o-dihydroxy structure in the B ring and the 3-hydroxy group and 2,3-double bond in the C ring give the highest contribution to the antioxidant activity.

TL;DR: It is observed that in leaves, just like in thylakoid membranes, DBMIB can bypass its own block at the cytochrome b(6)/f complex and donate electrons directly to PC(+) and P700(+) with a donation time tau of 4.3 s.

TL;DR: Evidence that strongly suggests that truncations at both the amino- and carboxy-termini directly influence the conformation into which the molecule folds, and hence the ability of tau to polymerize into fibrils is discussed.

TL;DR: At a practical level, the new work is leading to the production of experimental animal models that reproduce the essential molecular and cellular features of the human tauopathies, including the formation of abundant filaments made of hyperphosphorylated tau protein and nerve cell degeneration.

TL;DR: The data indicate that hemichannels are gated by multiple mechanisms that independently or cooperatively affect their open probability under physiological as well as pathological conditions.

TL;DR: The results show that the release of a Mn ion to the thylakoid lumen is the earliest detectable step of both UV- and visible-light-induced photoinhibition, suggesting the existence of a significant photoinhibitory pathway that contains an electron-transfer-independent phase.

TL;DR: Results of studies are summarized, by many workers, showing that the MetO content of proteins increases with age in a number of different aging models, including replicative senescence and erythrocyte aging, but not in mouse tissues during aging.

TL;DR: This work presents an overview of research on an effect of carotenoids on the structural and dynamic properties of lipid membranes carried out with the application of different techniques such as Electron Paramagnetic Resonance, Nuclear Magnetic resonance, Differential Scanning Calorimetry, X-ray diffractometry, monomolecular layer technique and other techniques.

TL;DR: Recent findings suggest that functional diversification among SWI/SNF complexes allows the eukaryotic cell to fine-tune and integrate the execution of diverse biological programs involving the expression, maintenance and duplication of its genome.

TL;DR: The abnormal aggregation of the microtubule associated protein tau into paired helical filaments (PHFs) is one the hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease and PHFs aggregated in vitro and in vivo contain beta-sheet structure, as judged by circular dichroismSpectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction.

TL;DR: This review focuses on recent biophysical studies of photoreactivation comprising work performed from the early 1990s until the present and key results from biochemical and molecular biology characterizations of the enzyme or the enzyme-substrate complex have been summarized in a number of reviews.

TL;DR: Detailed mechanistic schemes for the reactions of various prominent, biologically relevant ROS with methionine and organic model sulfides are provided, characterizing the physico-chemical parameters, which control this mechanism, and its physiological relevance, specifically for the oxidation and neurotoxicity of the Alzheimer's disease beta-amyloid peptide (betaAP).

TL;DR: Omentin might be a new adipocytokine playing a role in the defense against intestinal bacterial translocation in the context of Crohn's disease.

TL;DR: Data is reviewed by insisting on the possible links existing between altered gap-junctional intercellular communication capacity (or the altered expression of their constitutive proteins, the connexins) and the stages of cancer progression in various cancer models to analyse particular aspects of the disturbance of connexin-mediated communication in cancer.

TL;DR: Ceramide-enriched membrane platforms serve the clustering of receptors, the recruitment of intracellular signaling molecules and the exclusion of inhibitory signaling factors and, thus, facilitate signal transduction initiated by the specific stimulus.