Showing papers in "Biochimica et Biophysica Acta in 2019"

TL;DR: The functions of exosomes in cancer development, metastasis, and anti-Tumor or pro-tumor immunity, plus their application in cancer treatment and diagnosis/prognosis are summarized.

TL;DR: This review highlights the imperative and auxiliary roles glycans play, and how specific oligosaccharide structures facilitate these functions during viral pathogenesis, and discusses the growing efforts to exploit viral glycobiology in the development of anti-viral vaccines and therapies.

TL;DR: This review focuses on the intimate relationship between iron metabolism and oxidative stress in health and disease, and discusses aspects of redox- and iron-mediated signaling, toxicity, ferroptotic cell death, homeostatic pathways and pathophysiological implications.

TL;DR: Understanding the spatiotemporal availability of iron and the role of iron in generating ROS will provide clues for the suppression of ROS and cytotoxic redox-active iron and enable us to find novel therapeutic targets for various diseases.

TL;DR: Ca2+-dependent mechanisms involved in the regulation of mitochondrial activity are summarized and some recent reports in which alterations in mitochondrial Ca2+ signalling have been associated with specific pathological conditions, such as neurodegeneration and cancer are discussed.

TL;DR: The investigation of the mechanisms of cell death under the oxidative stress of PDT is of paramount importance to understand how the immune system is activated and, ultimately, to make PDT a more appealing/relevant therapeutic option.

TL;DR: A contemporary update on molecular mechanisms, pathophysiological events, as well functional changes in EC senescence and age-associated cardiovascular disease is provided.

TL;DR: The structural and functional aspects of α-Syn and role of potential factors that may contribute to the underlying mechanism of synucleinopathies are focused on to identify novel targets and develop specific therapeutic strategies to combat Parkinson's and other protein aggregation related neurodegenerative diseases.

TL;DR: The features and functions of the CXCLs/CXCR2 axis are focused on and its role in cancer and inflammatory diseases is highlighted and its potential use in targeted therapies is discussed.

TL;DR: Nitric oxide works as a retrograde neurotransmitter in synapses, allows the brain blood flow and also has important roles in intracellular signaling in neurons from the regulation of the neuronal metabolic status to the dendritic spine growth.

TL;DR: A large body of recent data and literature suggests that tumour progression and phenotype switching could be better controlled and development of resistance prevented or at least delayed, by combining drugs targeting fast- and slow-proliferating cells.

TL;DR: This article offers a brief overview of the molecular mechanisms that are known to regulate sorting of various molecules into EVs and discusses how different pathways of biogenesis alter the exosomal cargo as well and the implications of the cellular state on the content of the EVs.

TL;DR: A critical analysis of the most recent therapeutic studies involving various NPs-mediated DDS as alternatives for the traditional treatment approaches for BC will shed light on the significance of N Ps- mediated DDS and serve as a guide to seeking for the ideal methodology for future targeted drug delivery for an efficient BC treatment.

TL;DR: The very first mean estimate of the plasma EV concentration is provided based on values obtained from a thorough literature review, and the possibility of regarding EVs and lipoproteins as a continuum of lipid-containing particles to which biomarker molecules can be associated is introduced.

TL;DR: This review considers this review as a selective compilation of approaches and methodologies, and argues how, taken together, they could bring drug repurposing to the next level.

TL;DR: This review will revisit the contemporary understanding of mitophagy in the regulation of cardiac homeostasis and update recent progresses with regards toMitophagy and cardiac IR injury to establish a role for Mitophagy as a potential therapeutic target in the management of IR injury.

TL;DR: These studies strikingly indicate that AP-1 principally operates as a remote command binding to distal enhancers, placing chromatin architecture dynamics at the heart of its transcriptional actions.

TL;DR: It is proposed that therapeutic inhibition of EMT-activated mechanisms of cell survival in NSCLC would eliminate pools of persister cells and prevent or delay cancer recurrence when applied in combination with the agents targeting EGFR.

TL;DR: Light is shed on the current knowledge of cancer cell gluconeogenesis and its role in metabolic reprogramming, cancer cell plasticity, and tumor growth and fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase 1, a downstream gluc oneogenesis enzyme, inhibits glycolysis and tumorgrowth.

TL;DR: This review focuses primarily on mouse models and also briefly discusses dietary or surgical models commonly used to study the basic mechanisms underlying bile acid metabolism, and important phenotypic species differences in bile Acid metabolism between mice and humans are highlighted.

TL;DR: This review considers how recent advances in technology, enabling the precise mapping of modifications to RNA transcripts, has provided new opportunities to dissect post-transcriptional gene regulation.

TL;DR: This review is meant to provide a concise overview of the most relevant NAFLD animal models currently available and will discuss the strengths and weaknesses of these models with regard to their comparability to human disease conditions.

TL;DR: This review gathers available information on 2'-OH ribose methylation in different RNAs, enzymatic machineries involved in their biosynthesis and dynamics, as well as on the physiological functions of these modified residues.

TL;DR: Use of combinations of cancer drugs, sequential therapy, adaptive therapy and topical ablation of drug-resistant malignant lumps may help to prolong the time to treatment failure.

TL;DR: Over recent years, examples of regulation of mRNA cap formation have emerged, induced by oncogenes, developmental pathways and during the cell cycle, resulting in changes in gene expression, cell physiology and cell function.

TL;DR: The current understanding of the pathophysiology underlying myocardial dysfunction in sepsis is described, with a focus on disrupted mitochondrial processes, which may represent an adaptive response to prolonged stress that limits cell death, improving the potential for recovery.

TL;DR: A more targeted approach of ABC transporters should be implemented that considers which specific transporter is playing a major role in a particular tumour setting in order to achieve a more successful outcome for ABCtransporters inhibitors in cancer therapy.

TL;DR: A comprehensive scrutiny of recent molecular findings underlying causal relationships between GM dysbiosis and diabetic retinopathy/nephropathy complications is pinpointed, with the ultimate goal to unravel potential pathophysiological mechanisms that may be explored, in a near future, as personalized disease-modifying therapeutic approaches.

TL;DR: The molecular mechanisms controlling mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and cell death signalling and how their perturbation may contribute to ageing and age-related illness are discussed.

TL;DR: An overview of the literature supporting the potential for a timely intervention with vitamin E therapy in clinical management of seizures and epileptogenic processes associated with excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation and lipid peroxidation, i.e. the pathogenic "triad" is provided.