Showing papers in "Biological Conservation in 1999"
••
TL;DR: Positive and significant correlations between matrix abundance and vulnerability to fragmentation are exhibited, suggesting that species that avoid the matrix tend to decline or disappear in fragments, while those that tolerate or exploit the matrix often remain stable or increase.
772 citations
••
TL;DR: The regional variation in ancient forest plant species suggests that regional lists are more appropriate for assessing the nature conservation value of forests than one global European list and ancientforest plant species may be considered as important biodiversity indicators for forests.
635 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors assess the pattern and pace of tropical forest destruction in the Americas, Asia, and Africa, and discuss some factors that tend to promote forest conversion in developing countries, and propose that human population pressure, weak government institutions, increasing trade liberalization, and industrial logging are emerging as key drivers of forest destruction.
598 citations
••
TL;DR: Illegal hunting was found to reduce the encounter rates of mostly large, terrestrial frugivores such as agoutis, pacas Agouti paca, peccaries Pecari tajacu and Tayassu pecari and deer Mazama spp.
412 citations
••
TL;DR: Using single-locus, two-allele models, it is found that species replacement can occur very rapidly and the time to displacement decreases rapidly with increasing immigration and selection differential.
382 citations
••
TL;DR: This paper examined the species composition and guild structure of woody plants within five montane Atlantic forest fragments of the Tiet River basin, State of Sao Paulo, southeastern Brazil, ranging from 5 to 7900 ha in area.
367 citations
••
TL;DR: The hypothesis that snakes are killed mostly when they disperse from their usual home ranges is tested, and several falsifiable predictions on the expected correlates of mortality rates are generated, suggesting valuable indices of their vulnerability to direct anthropogenic mortality.
365 citations
••
TL;DR: It is suggested that knowledge of gene flow rates and understanding ecological differences among populations is necessary before embarking on a program to artificially enhance gene flow.
303 citations
••
TL;DR: In this article, the distribution of 203 forest plant species over 234 isolated forest patches in the western part of Belgium and the most northern part of France was studied, and the presence of some functional ecological plant species groups was correlated with habitat features and patch area.
293 citations
••
TL;DR: The results suggest that edge effects in forest fragments are significantly influenced by the structure of surrounding vegetation, and that the capacity of different regrowth forests to buffer edge effects can be predicted from the growth form and stand features of the dominant tree species.
278 citations
••
TL;DR: The present study demonstrates that simple human presence at the nest site, without effects of capture or handling, is physiologically stressful for breeding Magellanic penguins that are not accustomed to seeing humans, and suggests that tourist visits should be concentrated in a small part of breeding colonies, allowing birds nesting in the visitation area to habituate.
••
TL;DR: This paper advocates an objective, systematic approach to habitat classification which couples coastal geomorphology and benthic cover and illustrates the systematic approach with a scheme based on extensive field data from the Turks and Caicos Islands and Belize.
••
TL;DR: Projeto TAMARIMA-IBAMA as discussed by the authors, a program for the conservation of sea turtles, has been established by the Government of Brazil and the non-governmental organization Fundacao Pro-TAMAR.
••
TL;DR: McClanahan et al. as mentioned in this paper developed a baseline of information on Tanzanian coral reef ecosystems, and determined if some of the government gazetted but unprotected marine reserves were still deserving of protection management.
••
TL;DR: It is suggested that the apparent collapse in Welsh upland bird populations may be a response to this recent increase in grazing pressure superimposed on a long-term reduction in carrying capacity.
••
TL;DR: Reduction of pests, especially brushtail possums Trichosurus vulpecula and ship rats Rattus rattus, to very low levels resulted in significant increases in kokako chick output and adult density in all three study populations.
••
TL;DR: It is suggested that edge and isolation effects both play a role in structuring litter-dwelling ant communities in Amazonian forest remnants and this effect was partly attributable to variation in litter depth.
••
TL;DR: Increased predation on adult roan due to a build-up in lion numbers, following the zebra and wildebeest influx, seemed to be the proximate cause of the initial sharp decline in the roan population.
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors provided quantitative evidence of change over the last 150 years amongst granivorous bird assemblages in the tropical and sub-tropical savannas of northern Australia.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, birds were surveyed in riparian woodlands along a gradient of urbanization in the Santa Clara Valley, CA, USA, in order to determine the relationships between riparian bird communities and urbanization.
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used flow data and rainfall to estimate how often such habitat (boom periods) is created over a 100-year period, 1885-1995.
••
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used systematic spotlighting surveys to sample arboreal mammals in 36 linear rainforest remnants in tropical Queensland, Australia, and assessed the effects of corridor width, height, isolation, elevation, and floristic composition on mammals with multiple regression models.
••
TL;DR: Canonical correspondence analysis indicated that components of habitat structure were important in explaining differences in bird density between farm types for certain species.
••
TL;DR: Inter-fire intervals of ⩽5 yr would appear necessary to maintain the health and competitiveness of Themeda triandra, the dominant tussock grass at the Derrimut Grassland Reserve in southern Victoria, Australia.
••
TL;DR: Small fragments are highly disturbed by grazing, trampling, crop spraying and frequent fires, but retain a similar community structure to large fragments that presumably represent the pre-agricultural matrix vegetation, and should be considered conservation-worthy.
••
TL;DR: In this paper, a multidisciplinary project investigating the effects of tropical rainforest fragmentation on land-bridge islands created by a hydroelectric reservoir was initiated in French Guiana (SEFP).
••
TL;DR: The diets and the relative densities of leopards and tigers were examined, comparing scat from this park with that from the Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, a park known to have high leopard and tiger densities.
••
TL;DR: Routine use of quasinatural outdoor pens for prerelease conditioning of black-footed ferrets is recommended, and radio-tagged cage-reared ferrets made longer nightly moves and dispersed further from release sites than their pen- reared counterparts.
••
TL;DR: It is indicated that retained trees can form biodiversity links during forest succession after final harvest and that they are beneficial to at least some species considered to be sensitive to forest operations.
••
TL;DR: In the Southern Ocean white-chinned petrels Procellaria aequinoctialis form the majority of the bird bycatch in longline fisheries as mentioned in this paper, and during incubation they have the longest mean foraging ranges ever recorded for a seabird, 2390 and 2190 km.