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Showing papers in "Biological Psychiatry in 1976"


Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is indicated that short REM latency is found in virtually all primary depressive illness and is absent in secondary depression, and it is argued that the phenomenon is independent of age, drug effect and changes in other sleep parameters.

446 citations


Journal Article•
TL;DR: A review of clinical experience with patients with primary affective disorder indicates that patients with a history characterized by recurrent depression interspersed with periods of hypomania (bipolar II) may have clinical courses that are distinguishable from bipolar I (depression with histories of mania) or unipolar patients.

340 citations


Journal Article•

140 citations


Journal Article•
TL;DR: The study extends the current models of stimulant-induced psychoses by highlighting the progressive alterations in behavior and neurological sequelae and in suggesting that this progressive mechanism may also be important in the development of psychosis in man.

125 citations


Journal Article•
TL;DR: The levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine have been measured in 33 areas of the human brain and these levels compared in depressed suicides, in alcoholic suicides, and in controls, finding no significant differences among diagnostic groups in any of the areas studied.

97 citations


Journal Article•
TL;DR: A method of computer simulation which will enable the researcher to test the effects of a wide variety of electrode placements, currents, tissue resistivities, and volumetric differences on the distribution of current within the brain.

93 citations


Journal Article•
TL;DR: Investigation of brain sites where physiologic activity was correlated with subjective emotional experiences in patients undergoing treatment provided a basis for defining the origin of certain clinical disorders that are still obscure, the first step toward development of their specific treatment.

85 citations


Journal Article•
TL;DR: Withdrawal and stabilized alcoholics were found to have significantly greater AER amplitudes at all intensity levels and greater A-I slope from the right hemisphere and higher symmetry were found for withdrawal alcoholics than the other two groups.

54 citations


Journal Article•
TL;DR: Studies of neurotransmitter kinetics based on intraventricular injections of radio-labeled metabolites have been limited by several problems, including the inability of most investigators to recover more than 45% of the infected isotope from brain homogenates within several minutes after the injection.

51 citations


Journal Article•
TL;DR: Seven patients with maximally severe phobias for physical objects were treated by "flooding in vivo", i.e. live confrontation with the feared object, and anxiety, even when intense and dramatic, does not necessarily activate the adrenal cortex, and an adrenal "stress" response is not necessary for the therapeutic effect.

49 citations


Journal Article•
TL;DR: Antinuclear factor (ANF) was present in the serum of about 30% of patients newly admitted to the psychiatric hospital because of mental depression, and it is suggested that ANF-positive depression may be a quite distinctive disease.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: With increasing doses of pargyline pretreatment, beta-phenylethylamine produced, in a dose-response relationship, progressively more stereotyped behavior accompanied by increased motor activity, which is discussed in terms of a possible relationship with the degree of inhibition of Type a and Type B monoamine oxidase acused by the different doses ofpargYline.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: Marital status of patients with primary affective disorder was evaluated and several of the marriages were quite stable over long time periods in spite of the severe recurrent affective illness experienced by these patients.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: Results suggest that naltrexone may be useful for clinical treatment of opiate dependence and may elicit an increase in blood pressure and opigastric pain.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: The results seem to indicate the existence of a locus in the major histocompatibity complex (MHC) region, correlated to schizophrenic illness and strictly linked to the loci HL-A and MLR, which may be useful diagnostically as a genetic marker for schizophrenia.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: EEG correlates of subjective experiences induced by delta9-trans-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and EEG correlates of individual disposition to such experiences were investigated.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: The CLAT was a more consistent predictor of both short- and long-term outcome than any of the other ten variables considered (medical and surgical variables, inhospital outcome, demographic measures, other psychological tests).


Journal Article•
TL;DR: L-tryptophan, the amino acid precursor of serotonin, was administered to 16 depressive patients in a double-blind study of its potential antidepressant efficacy and antidepressant responses were observed in one of ten unipolar patients and in three of six bipolar patients.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: Data are consistent with those previously reported for ECT and do not suggest that ECT alters cerebral amine metabolism in depressed patients, nor do they provide any evidence for direct amine mediation of the depression-relieving effects of ECT in man.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: The present data indicate that, like the amphetamines, the use of MAO inhibitors can be clinically associated with dependence-tolerance.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: When drug-naive dogs were given unlimited access to response-contingent intravenous infusions of either d-amphetamine, phenmetrazine, or methylphenidate, a regular cycle of drug intake interspersed with periods of voluntary abstinence was seen.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: Variable changes, including elevated levels of MHPG in the responders, might represent the contribution of amphetamine-related changes in clinical state, including increased physical activity and (in two of the responding patients) the development of hypomania.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: Findings support the view that genomic expression abnormalities may be related to schizophrenic illness and that pimozide administration exerted a normalizing effect on the nucleohistone distribution pattern.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: The authors propose an expanded "Dale's Principle": each neuron is specific in that it releases at all its endings the same pool of chemical messengers, composed of one transmitter and metabolically related modulators, the relative proportion of which is determined by the physiological state of the cell (biochemical plasticity).

Journal Article•
TL;DR: There was a significant negative correlation between CSF 5HIAA and both agitation ratings and motor movement in the schizophrenics and CSF HVA correlated positively to anxiety and anger in the depressives.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: The rate of migration during electrophoresis of both bands of RBC COMT was the same in manic depressive, schizophrenic, and normal individuals, and results did not reveal genetic variations in the COMT molecule among these three groups.


Journal Article•
TL;DR: The diagnosis of schizo-affective illness, as used in day to day clinical practice, does not identify a group of schizophrenic patients nor a homogeneous patient group, and when both affective and schizophrenic features appear in a patient with a bipolar illness, the diagnosis of manic-depressive illness, not schizophrenia, should be given first consideration.

Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is suggested that hyperresponsiveness of the central nervous system (CNS) noradrenergic and cholinergic systems and a hyporesponsivity of the serotoninergic system are related to the genetically expressed aberrant behavior.