Showing papers in "Biological Psychiatry in 1977"

TL;DR: Achlioptas et al. as discussed by the authors suggested that functional adaptive changes may account for the manifestations of tardive dyskinesia (TD) associated with antipsychotic drugs, though neurohistopathological studies have provided little to support this view.

TL;DR: Electroconvulsive therapy, antidepressants, and neither treatment were compared by reviewing 609 hospitalizations for depression from 1959 to 1969 to find groups receiving ECT had a significantly greater percentage of patient who had marked improvement or a complete response.

TL;DR: In this paper, a suggestive evidence for a relationship between central 5-HT and the occurrence of certain types of depressions was derived from three sources: postmortem studies, measurement of CSF 5-HIAA, and accumulation of CS-5-HCIAA after transport blockade by probenecid.

TL;DR: The results of experiments in animals in which dopamine nerve terminals in various brain regions have been selectively destroyed by intracranial microinjection of 6-hydroxydopamine reveal that the locomotor stimulant actions of relatively low doses of amphetamine are dependent upon mesolimbic dopaminergic neurons, whereas the stereotyped behaviors induced by relatively larger doses of Amphetamine aredependent upon nigrostriatal dopamine neurons.

TL;DR: It is suggested that GHB may serve as the prototype for a new class of hypnotic compounds derived from natural sources and capable of activating the neurological mechanisms of normal human sleep.

TL;DR: Unusual brain function asymmetry is herein shown to be a factor in virtually every appropriately tested case of MZ discordant schizophrenia.

TL;DR: Comparisons of chronic paranoid and undifferentiated with other patient subtypes revealed a relatively specific correlate of the chronic subgroup, increased negativity of a negative somatosensory peak occurring 60 msec poststimulus (N60) at contralateral central leads.

TL;DR: It is suggested that NPT monitoring should be a component of the differential diagnosis procedure for every patient who complains of impotence and that it provides a tool for the concentrated study of the mechanisms of erection and impotences.

TL;DR: The facilatory effects of NE on neuronal information-processing are used to predict a possible participation of NE in the perceptual difficulties noted in psychosis and imply that norepinephrine may increase the brain's sensitivity to incoming information, and that antipsychotic drugs interfere with this effect.

TL;DR: The results show the LEBS to require equal voltage, less current, and only one-half the total energy to produce clinically manifest convulsions, and there was no apparent difference between methods on any outcome measure.

TL;DR: A new theory based on current knowledge of the relationship of dopamine to both disorders is postulated which may explain the relationship between the psychosis and epilepsy which occurs in a subgroup of schizophrenic patients.

TL;DR: This review concentrates on work dealing with behavioral and therapeutic effects of polarization, the passage of small constant direct currents through the brain through cephalic and noncephalic electrodes during prolonged periods of time, without inducing convulsions or sleep.

TL;DR: It is concluded that chlorpromazine may act by inhibiting the synthesis of newly formed RNA, and subsequently, transformation, rather than by alteration of the cell membrane, which is more sensitive to the inhibitory effect than DNA or protein synthesis.

TL;DR: The results suggest that ischemic damage to the cerebral cortex which injures some axonal branches of elaborately arborizing catecholamine-containing neurons may alter the biochemical and functional state of the entire system in its intact collateral axons.

TL;DR: It is suggested that an increase of GABA turnover and perhaps of GABA release in striatum and substantia nigra may account for the lack of tardive dyskinesia and extrapyramidal side effects of clozapine.

TL;DR: The ability of antimuscarinics, tricyclic antidepressants, and antipsychotics to block the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor was determined using an assay for this receptor in cultured nerve cells using radioactively labeled guanosine 5'-triphosphate.

TL;DR: Both ECT and chlorpromazine were superior to no active treatment for outcome measures considered and symptoms sufficient to fulfill a research diagnosis of mania were fulfilled.

TL;DR: Evidence linking alterations in calcium metabolism to mood is reviewed and a number of mechanisms by which the calcium change might result from ECT and mediated its effects on mood are discussed.

TL;DR: An analysis of outcome, precipitants, and age of admission support the view that schizo-affective disorder should not be routinely classified as schizophrenia for research purposes.

TL;DR: Investigation of inheritance of brain-serum affinity and distribution patterns of antigenic components found schizophrenic and normal sera were tested against human liver and mouse brain, thymus, and liver to support clinico-genetic disposition in a subgroup of schizophrenic persons.

TL;DR: The psychophysiological literature on psychopathy is reviewed and it is suggested that psychopathy might be usefully viewed as a biochemical disturbance manifested in abnormal oscillations in neurotransmitter functioning, autonomic activity, and behavior.

TL;DR: It is suggested that nutritional pancreas and liver dysfunction might represent hitherto unrecognized complications of anorexia nervosa.

TL;DR: Pretreatment ATPase levels in depressives were significantly lower than in controls, and increased to control levels after a course of ECT, discussed in terms of the physiology of depressive illness and ECT.

TL;DR: The use of marijuana by such patients with angiographically documented coronary artery disease is clearly inadvisable and significant individual differences were noted in the psychological responses to marijuana smoking due, presumably, to personality differences and/or differences in THC pharmacokinetics.

TL;DR: The possibility that some of disulfiram's effects are related to alterations in biogenic amine metabolism led to the present study of cerebrospinal fluid amine metabolites in a group of male alcoholics, which indicated a significant reduction in homovanillic acid and no change in 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid.

TL;DR: A significant progressive increase of neuroleptic plasma level during 12 weeks after withdrawal of antiparkinsonian drugs after which a plateau was reached.

TL;DR: The EEG changes after clozapine, especially when instrumentally quantified, demonstrated the predictive value of EEG, which indicated its possible thymoleptic effect with therapeutic studies in depression.

TL;DR: Sprague-Dawley rats were evaluated for hyperactivity and stereotyped behavior produced by chronic administration of different doses of drugs that have differential NE and DA " agonist" properties, suggesting Li effects both at the pre- and postsynaptic neuron (receptor).

TL;DR: Overall judgments of behavior, seizures, and functional levels indicated that more than a third of the group was probably improved, although the relationship of outcome to the surgery was indeterminate.