Showing papers in "Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy in 2021"

TL;DR: The relationship between the effective signaling pathways in all three processes, namely, cancer stem cells, autophagy, and EMT, is investigated and elucidated to play an effective role in determining appropriate therapeutic goals.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provided a detailed review on the current understanding of the pathological mechanisms behind the well-known Dox-induced cardiotoxicity and provided some of the most plausible pharmacological strategies which have been tested against doxorubicin-induced Cardiotoxicity.

TL;DR: The results show that the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of GA mainly involved MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways, which weakens the inflammatory response by reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecule and cell infiltration.

TL;DR: Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) prolonged the survival time of patients and improved the life quality of patients, due to less side effects, and the development direction of TCM on cancer metastasis research in the past five years is summarized and a prospect for the future is made.

TL;DR: Theoretical basis for the clinical application of MYR is provided and a reference for its further use, and the potential molecular mechanisms of its effects are discussed.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed that free unbound iron, resulting from iron dysregulation and overload, is very reactive and potentially toxic due to its role in the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which react with and damage cellular lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins, with consequent activation of either acute or chronic inflammatory processes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors highlight the potential mechanisms behind obesity-associated insulin resistance and suggest that the liver is the most sensitive organ undergoing insulin impairment faster than other organs, and thus, hepatic insulin resistance is the primary event that leads to the subsequent development of peripheral tissue insulin resistance.

TL;DR: Xanthohumol showed the best antitumor activity on the three cancer cell lines, even better than that of the clinical drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), although no synergistic effect was observed in the combination therapy with this drug as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed many flavonoids that showed antiviral activities in different testing environments such as in vitro, in vivo (mice model) and in silico.

TL;DR: The lung cancer-related transcript 1 (LUCAT1) located in the antisense strand of the q14.3 region of chromosome 5 was first discovered in smoking-related lung cancer.

TL;DR: In this article, the detrimental or protective roles of SFCA (particularly butyrate, propionate, and acetate) in several cancers, including bladder, colon, breast, stomach, liver, lung, pancreas, and prostate cancers, are explained.

TL;DR: The potential role of flavonoids in the modulation of signaling pathways that are crucial for COVID-19 disease, particularly those related to inflammation and immunity, was discussed in this paper.

TL;DR: Given that in addition to the downregulation of cytokine production, the active constituents of S. baicalensis also have antiviral and antibacterial effects, they may be more promising candidate therapeutics for the prevention of infection-related cytokine storms than are drugs having only antimicrobial or anti-inflammatory activities.

TL;DR: Research shows that ginger has an important chemo-preventative impact on liver cancer by inhibiting the growth of cells and inducing apoptosis, by reducing oxidative and inflammatory damage, ginger protects rat liver against cancer.

TL;DR: Curcumin, a polyphenolic compound isolated from the Curcuma longa, has been shown to exert anti-aging characteristics as discussed by the authors, such as antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, chemopreventive, and anti-neurodegenerative characteristics.

TL;DR: It is concluded that dysbiosis occurs during SARS-COV-2 infection as the gut-lung axis cannot be ignored and the inclusion of studies to investigate gut microbiome and subsequent therapies such as probiotics might help decrease the inflammatory response of viral pathogenesis and respiratory symptoms by strengthening the host immune system, amelioration of gut microbiome, and improvement of gut barrier function.

TL;DR: This review provides a timely and comprehensive summary of the pharmacological and clinical advances of BBR in the treatment of five metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, hyperlipidemia, and gout.

TL;DR: Resveratrol (RV) is a well-known polyphenolic compound in various plants, including grape, peanut, and berry fruits, which is quite famous for its association with several health benefits such as anti-obesity, cardioprotective neuroprotective, antitumor, antidiabetic, antioxidants, anti-age effects, and glucose metabolism.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide a description of the general chemistry based on existing corresponding structureactivity relationships (SARs) and compile all recent developmentary studies on oxindole-derived compounds as a successful pharmaceutical agent.

TL;DR: Tocilizumab combined with or without favipiravir can effectively improve the pulmonary inflammation of COVID-19 patients and inhibit the deterioration of the disease.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the current evidence from the most significant studies dealing with some short-chain fatty acids from gut microbial metabolism with selected neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, stress, anxiety, depression, autism, vascular dementia, schizophrenia, stroke, and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders.

TL;DR: Reports show that the tissue level of LCN-2 is increased in metabolic disorders such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, suggesting an association between LCn-2 and insulin sensitivity and glucose homeostasis.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss the different strategies used in the development of COVID-19 vaccines, the questions underlying the type of immune response they may elicit, the consequences that new mutations may have in the generation of sub-strains of SARS-CoV-2 and their impact and challenges for the efficacy of potential vaccines in a scenario postpandemic.

TL;DR: In this article, a review of the latest research progress of exosomes in diagnosing and treating lung cancer is presented, which is the primary purpose to review the latest development in lung cancer.

TL;DR: A review of the role of quercetin in the protection against neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) is presented in this article, where the authors assessed the food sources and its pharmacokinetic profile, structure activity relationship and its pathophysiological role in various NDDs.

TL;DR: In this paper, three different strategies including using anti-tumor compounds, gene therapy and delivery systems have been developed for suppressing EMT, and enhancing cytotoxicity of PTX and DTX against cancer cells.

TL;DR: Results showed that EF24 upregulated HMOX1 to suppress GPX4 expression to induce ferroptosis by increasing MDA level, ROS level and intracellular ferric ion level, and this effects were significantly attenuated by ferrostatin-1.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors discuss several circulating miRNA signatures, their expression profiles in different types of cancer and their impacts on cellular processes, and use them to categorize genes that can affect oncogenic pathways in cancer.

TL;DR: Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy has been shown to be an effective treatment for hematological tumors, but the treatment of solid tumors still lacks effectiveness as mentioned in this paper, which is why researchers are trying to use macrophages modified with CAR (CAR-M) against solid tumors.

TL;DR: The digestive symptoms reported in existing research are summarized, the impact of SARS-CoV-2 on the gastrointestinal tract and liver is discussed, and the possible mechanisms and aetiology, such as cytokine storm are determined.