Showing papers in "Bioresource Technology in 1993"

TL;DR: In this article, the authors used linear and quadratic equations for the correlations between organic matter and carbon, and high values of r, significant at the 99·9% probability level, were found.

TL;DR: In this article, the maximum adsorption capacities of both ammonium and ammonia were determined by fitting the experimental results of the adsoption isotherm to Langmuir and first-order models.

TL;DR: The effect of hydraulic retention time and liquid upward velocity on the granulation process and the competition between sulphate-reducing and methane-producing bacteria during anaerobic treatment of sulphite-containing wastewater was studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors examined the ratio of propionic to acetic acids as a viable and sensitive indicator for upsets caused by organic overloading in an anaerobic digestion system.

TL;DR: Investigation of whether olive oil mill effluent (OOME) could be used as raw material for biosurfactant production found several strains of Pseudomonas sp.

TL;DR: In this paper, the use of pyrolysis oil as a diesel-power-plant fuel is studied, and the fuel characteristics and economics of the system are analyzed using a test diesel engine.

TL;DR: In this article, a 66 : 1 mixture of wet paper waste and dry yeast extract was used to grow a lob worm from the hatchling stage (50 mg) to maturity (3-4 g) within 90 days.

TL;DR: The addition of waste materials from animals and plants to soil has been explored as an alternative means of nematode control as discussed by the authors, including agricultural wastes in the form of green manures and dried-crop residues in general and industrial byproducts, such as oilcakes, sawdust, cellulosic waste, and sugar-cane bagasse in particular.

TL;DR: In this paper, three different groups of municipal organic materials (fresh city refuse, sewage sludge and the composted products of both) were characterized from a biochemical point of view, and ATP content and 5 hydrolase activities (total and extractable) determined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors determine factors that could effect maximum sugar yield of Sorgum bicolor (L.) Moench at temperature zone locations, and test sites represented a typical temperate zone irrigated location and a typical corn belt natural rainfall area.

TL;DR: In this article, both dye-treated and natural oil-palm fibres from a palm-oil mill were used to remove copper and related heavy metal cations from solutions.

TL;DR: In this article, five kraft lignins from softwood and hardwood and one softwood lignin from the organocell process were converted into an oil-like product by hydrotreatment at 400°C for 40 minutes in the presence of different catalysts.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of temperature on the conversion rates of VFA by thermophilic methanogenic sludge grown under different conditions was studied, and the optimum temperatures for acetate degradation of sludges cultivated in serum bottles at 46, 55 and 64°C for 6-8 weeks were found to be strongly dependent on the cultivation temperature.

TL;DR: In this paper, the pig slurry was composted with chopped straw and a zeolite sample was placed inside the simulator, in the spent-air stream, just after the air had passed through the composting material.

TL;DR: In this paper, a thermophilic (50-55°C) anaerobic digestion of waste-waters from an alcohol distillery was used to produce biogas from beet molasses.

TL;DR: Partial removal of some of the organic matter and phenolic compounds by aerobic pretreatment with Geotrichum candidum provides a partially purified effluent that is more rapidly anaerobically degraded than the original wine-distillery wastewater for the same COD-loading level.

TL;DR: In this paper, a batch anaerobic digestion of water hyacinth plant material was evaluated for differences in particle size and nitrogen content of plants, and differences in inoculum volume.

TL;DR: In this article, the organic matter contained in two static piles of compost derived from municipal solid wastes was followed for 55 days during both winter and summer, and the degree of humification, i.e. the ratio between the humified fractions and total extractable carbon, increased steadily in compost stabilized during winter, while the transformation was less obvious during summer composting.

TL;DR: Fermentations of market garbage and water hyacinth in laboratory-scale solid-phase fermenters operated in fed batch mode were reported in this paper, where a daily sprinkling of a weekly-fed biomass bed with an aqueous suspension of biodegradative bacteria was used to initiate and sustain high levels of biogas production.

TL;DR: In this paper, changes in soil porosity and microstructure are discussed for a silty clay soil and a sandy loam soil following the surface application of livestock effluents and composts from sewage sludges and urban refuse.

TL;DR: A synthetic cationic polymer (Praestol) for biomass recovery by flocculation of Tetraselmis suecica, Spirulina platensis and Rhodopseudomonas palustris was tested both in the laboratory and outdoors.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors measured the content of six heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Ni and Cd), the Cd/Zn ratio and the zinc equivalent for composts produced from municipal solid waste (MSW) both with and without the removal of inert components prior to the beginning of composting.

TL;DR: In this article, four extracellular hydrolases (urease, phosphatase and two proteases) and organic carbon content were determined in organic matter extracted from a non-composted sewage sludge and one composted for 91 and 210 days (the latter having undergone a maturation step).

TL;DR: In this article, a modified first-order model was used as an index for assessing the relationship between the decomposition in soil of the organic materials and their chemical compositions and the term "initial potential rate of C mineralization" was found to be the most effective index.

TL;DR: The physical and chemical characteristics of four composted urban refuse (one of them amended with CaCO 3 during the composting process) from Spanish industrial composting plants were studied from the point of view of their use as organic fertilizers.

TL;DR: In this paper, three areas displaying the main characteristics of the central Venice lagoon were monitored in 1989-1991 to study macroalgal production in relation to different biomass densities and species compositions.

TL;DR: Sulphate reducers were found to be less sensitive to temporary pH variations than methanogens, and sulphate reduction recovered within 30 days following a pH-shock, whereas methane production remained nil during this period.

TL;DR: In this paper, an electron beam accelerator was used to pre-treat rice straw in the presence of alkali (sodium hydroxide) solutions using an EH accelerator.

TL;DR: A brief review of the current experimental gasification research is presented in this article, where the authors focus on the development of simplified integrated gasification combined-cycle power plants based on air-blown gasification and hot-gas cleaning.

TL;DR: The experimental results for the four windrows examined are reported in this paper, where the initial carbon/nitrogen ratios were within limits which ensure a successful biodegradation process, while the final values were promising for compost use in agriculture.