Showing papers in "Biotechnology Advances in 2006"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors review quantitative cellulase activity assays using soluble and insoluble substrates, and focus on their advantages and limitations, and hypothesize that continuous culture using insoluble cellulosic substrates could be a powerful selection tool for enriching beneficial cellulase mutants from the large library displayed on the cell surface.

TL;DR: The state of the art in the field of biosorption of heavy metals by S. cerevisiae not only in China, but also worldwide, is reviewed in this paper, based on a substantial number of relevant references published recently on the background of biosOrption achievements and development.

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the applications of laccases within different industrial fields as well as their potential extension to the nanobiotechnology area is presented, where they are also used as cleaning agents for certain water purification systems, as catalysts for the manufacture of anti-cancer drugs and even as ingredients in cosmetics.

TL;DR: The recent availability of the inhibitor of ethylene perception, 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP), has resulted in an explosion of research on its effects on fruits and vegetables, both as a tool to further investigate the role of Ethylene in ripening and senescence, and as a commercial technology to improve maintenance of product quality.

TL;DR: The potential and practical applications of PCR microfluidics to some fields such as microbial detection and disease diagnosis, based on the DNA/RNA templates used in PCR micro fluidics are illuminated.

TL;DR: It appears to be reasonable to expect that progress in nanostuctured biocatalysts will play a critical role in overcoming the major obstacles in the development of powerful biofuel cells.

TL;DR: In this paper, the importance of the Maillard reaction for food quality and focus on flavour compound formation is discussed and the most important classes of Maillard flavour compounds are indicated and it is shown where they are formed in the reaction.

TL;DR: Biosurfactants play an essential natural role in the swarming motility of microorganisms and participate in cellular physiological processes of signaling and differentiation as well as in biofilm formation.

TL;DR: Microbial catabolism of amino acids produces flavour compounds of importance for foods such as cheese, wine and fermented sausages and lactic acid bacteria are useful for flavour formation of foods.

TL;DR: In solution, either attractive or repulsive interactions between proteins and polysaccharides can be used to create microstructures that give foods novel textural and sensory properties.

TL;DR: This review presents various membrane processes by focusing more precisely on membrane materials, module design, operating parameters and the large range of possible applications.

TL;DR: This review attempts to address the instability problem of aerobic granular sludge SBR from the perspective of filamentous growth in the system, including long retention times of solids, low substrate concentration in the liquid phase, and high substrate gradient within the granule.

TL;DR: It is expected that the baculoviruses improved by genetic modifications will be gradually introduced in countries which have fewer concerns towards genetically modified organisms.

TL;DR: The development and remarkable achievements with biotechnology in ornamental pot plants made during the three decades have been reviewed and the in vitro propagation via thin cell layer, meristem culture, regeneration via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis is presented.

TL;DR: Biotransformations allow the production of regio- and stereoselective compounds under mild conditions and have produced encouraging results, as discussed in this review.

TL;DR: This review provides systematic coverage of examples of reports on enzymatic microreactors published recently, as well as relevant older papers.

TL;DR: In the present paper the recent developments published in the CRL field are overviewed, focusing on comparison of structural and biochemical data among isoenzymes (Lip1-Lip5), and their influence in the biocatalytical performance.

TL;DR: Practical solutions to hydrolysate debittering are likely to involve judicious choice of enzymatic processing conditions in conjunction with the use of peptidase activities having targeted hydrolytic specificity.

TL;DR: The development of protocol for in vitro plant regeneration which is considered as most important step for successful implementation of various biotechnological techniques used for plant improvement programmes has been adequately addressed in literature.

TL;DR: Attempts to use both a reduced endogenous ethylene production and a reduced sensitivity to ethylene will be reviewed, and the use of the mutant ethylene receptor gene, etr1-1, from Arabidopsis seems most promising, especially when it is expressed under the control of a flower specific promoter.

TL;DR: This work reviews the molecular biology of the S-layer of the strain JG-A12 and theS-layer dependent interactions of the bacterial cells with metals, and presents future perspectives for their application in bioremediation and nanotechnology.

TL;DR: These powerful approaches are reviewed here since they offer the possibility of exciting new findings that will allow analyzing the community as a microbial system, determining the extent to which each of the individual participants contributes to the process, how they evolve in time to keep the conglomerate healthy and therefore efficient during the entire process of bioleaching.

TL;DR: The discovery and development of 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) was not done as a single step but rather was found by studying various aspects of ethylene action and the ethylene receptors.

TL;DR: This review critically evaluates the proposed models ofSSF and their experimental validation and important issues that need to be resolved for improved modeling of SSF are discussed.

TL;DR: The use of ultrasound for nonviral gene delivery has been applied for mammalian systems, which provides a fundamental basis and strong promise for development of new gene therapy methods for clinical medicine.

TL;DR: The methods currently described in the literature for clarification, concentration and purification of retroviral vectors are presented, with special emphasis on novel chromatography methods that open up the possibility to selectively and efficiently purify retroviruses on a large-scale.

TL;DR: This paper briefly presents the main results obtained up to now on protein-flavour binding and release in relation with flavour perception, pointing out the fact that flavour perception is only affected if strong binding occurs.

TL;DR: Recent advances in the establishment of polymerase chain reaction-coupled electrophoretic approaches for the specific diagnosis of coccidiosis as well as the genetic characterization of species of Eimeria are considered to represent a significant step toward the improved prevention and control of this important disease of poultry.

TL;DR: This review focuses specially on aspects of the reactions' kinetics that may affect the performance of the enzymatic reactor.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that rhizobitoxine plays a positive role in establishing symbiosis between B. elkanii and host legumes: rhiziboxine enhances the nodulation process by inhibiting ACC (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate) synthase in the ethylene biosynthesis of host roots.