Showing papers in "Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society in 2012"

TL;DR: A robust family-wide phylogenetic tree and subsequent classification of Annonaceae is presented, for the first time, using a supermatrix of up to eight plastid markers sequenced from 193 ingroup and seven outgroup species.

TL;DR: A classification based on monophyly will facilitate focused monographs and clarifies the evolution of morphological and biochemical traits of interest within this highly diverse subtribe.

TL;DR: Dating phylogenetic trees from selected published studies were used to evaluate the time and tempo of diversification in New Caledonia and suggest that this ecosystem has been present for at least 6.9 Myr.

TL;DR: This article argues for the use of only well-substantiated fossil evidence by means of priors with hard bounds to infer ages that take into account both palaeontological and phylogenetic uncertainty, without confounding the different factors involved.

TL;DR: Direct observations, infra-red cinematography and photographs published between 1993 and 1997 and a video made in 2004, proved that Darwin's prediction was accurate and suggested that selection pressure exerted by predators on the pollinators, resulted in the evolution of extreme tongue lengths and a special hovering flight.

TL;DR: The high genetic differentiation and loss of genetic diversity during spatial and temporal isolation in the ex situ populations can be attributable to small population sizes and unconscious selection during cultivation, therefore, adequate sampling prior to ex situ cultivation and large effective population sizes are important to preserve genetic diversity.

TL;DR: Molecular phylogenetic analysis of matK sequences for 657 samples showed that plants of Tristicha (Tristichoideae) and of Weddellina (Weddellinoideae), which are currently treated as monospecific, had great matK differentiation equivalent to at least interspecific variation.

TL;DR: Investigation of the temporal variation in flower visitor activity and flower scent emission of Silene otites finds that the changing emission patterns are ‘in tune’ with the olfactory abilities, preferences and activity times of its day- and night-active potentially pollinating flower visitors.

TL;DR: Divergence time estimates based on ITS suggest that the main lineages of R. alsia diverged from each other 0.35–0.87 Mya, indicating that climatic oscillations during the Pleistocene may have been an important driver of intraspecific divergence in R.—alsia.

TL;DR: The pollination biology of Annonaceae has received considerable attention, with data now available for > 45% of the genera (or genus-equivalent clades) included in recent molecular phylogenetic analyses providing a basis for understanding evolutionary shifts in the pollination system within the family.

TL;DR: The pollination process and breeding system of the sympatric Habenaria johannensis, H.’macronectar, H’megapotamensis and H.montevidensis was documented for native populations from Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

TL;DR: A modified population aggregation analysis, based on the phylogenetic species concept, was employed and Goniostachyum is here circumscribed to only four species: L. stachyoides and L. martiana comb, which are supported by different combinations of three characters of the 13 qualitative attributes analysed.

TL;DR: Identification keys are provided for all genera currently recognized in Annonaceae and separate keys are presented for the Neotropics, Africa-Madagascar and Asia-Australasia.

TL;DR: It can be concluded that botanists are possibly the best source of information for studies of contemporary or new uses of plants, but are inadequate for uses that are dying out.

TL;DR: Optimization of pollen characters on a molecular tree confirms that granular monosulcate pollen, as in Anaxagorea and subfamily Ambavioideae, was ancestral in the family, but granular structure is derived for angiosperms as a whole, and exine characters are highly homoplastic in Annonaceae.

TL;DR: A group of Mediterranean oaks, Quercus subsectio Galliferae and Q. pubescens, is investigated, using a large daisy-like structure as a model for the determination of trichome characters.

TL;DR: A taxonomic monograph of East Malesian Areca spp.

TL;DR: The genus Stachys, a large and taxonomically complex genus of Lamiaceae, contains 32 species, nine subspecies and two hybrids in Iran with 17 endemic taxa.

TL;DR: Characters associated with beetle pollination appear imprinted in members of the whole family, such as thick petals, flattened and sclerified connective shields or protogynous dichogamy, in non-cantharophilous species.

TL;DR: The DNA barcoding approach is a powerful tool in vegetation surveys and may significantly reduce the time and cost spent for species identification, however, to effectively apply DNABarcoding in vegetation Surveys, exhaustive local or regional molecular databases must be defined.

TL;DR: Global phylogeographic patterns in Sanionia uncinata are addressed based on information in internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the plastid markers trnL-trnF and rpl16 (217).

TL;DR: Results confirm convergence in the floral colours of plants that are pollinated by Hemipepsis spider-hunting wasps, but also suggest that other traits, such as nectar properties, do not necessarily evolve during shifts between pollination systems.

TL;DR: It was found that, except for Goniothalamus, the largest genera in the family are not the result of radiations and the difference in species numbers between subfamilies Annonoideae and Malmeoideae cannot be attributed to significant differences in the diversification rate.

TL;DR: The phylogenetic and the dispersal–vicariance analyses show that Pancratium appears as a well-structured group with interesting patterns of speciation and provides new insights and help to formulate new working hypotheses for evolutionary biology of the genus.

TL;DR: The most strongly supported subclade of two of the three families in molecular analyses, Quiinaceae and Medusagynaceae, is also particularly well supported by floral structural features, including the presence of functionally and morphologically unisexual flowers.

TL;DR: In general, gallery forest specimens have wider vessels, fewer vessels per square millimetre and larger intervessel pits, indicating more efficient water conduction, whereas cerrado s.s.l. specimens are the opposite, with low vulnerability and mesomorphy indices, demonstrating greater safety under conditions of water stress.

TL;DR: Based on relaxed molecular clock analyses, it appears that the crown group lindsaeoids diversified in the Caenozoic, more or less simultaneously with the main radiation of other Polypodiales, even though the original divergence between the lindSaeoid and non-lindsaioid polypods occurred before the end of the Jurassic.

TL;DR: Spiny, thorn and prickle colours for 167 species with yellow, red, orange and white being the dominant, supporting hypotheses about spines being visually aposematic and differences in defence among different life forms may influence the results of meta-analysis studies of the optimal defence allocation.

TL;DR: A new genus of cycad stem, Wintucycas gen. nov., is described on the basis of specimens found in the Allen Formation at the Salitral Ojo de Agua locality, Rio Negro Province, Argentina, supporting the existence of a greater diversity of this group in South America during the Cretaceous.

TL;DR: Leaf characters of populations of the aquatic macrophyte Montrichardia linifera were studied using geometric morphometrics to compare variation with traditional circumscriptions of the two recognized species, offering a methodology for a broader combined morphometric/molecular investigation.