Showing papers in "British Medical Bulletin in 1971"

Perceptual learning and adaptation.

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Unwanted effects of drugs.

Abstract: The committee on safety of drugs in Britain established a subcommittee on adverse reactions which relies on voluntary submission of data. In 4 instances the severity of the reaction was disproportionate to the benefit attributed to the drug and the drug was withdrawn. One drug was used in diaper rash one was a component of a long lasting influenza vaccine and 2 were used in the treatment of rheumatism. Analyses of the Physicians reports of the incidences of thromboembolism among users of oral contraceptives were performed and showed an increased risk of thromboembolism among pill users. Other epidemics discussed are phocomelia and thalidomide ileal obstruction and enteric coated potassium chloride primary pulmonary hypertension and aminorex death from asthma and pressurized aerosols paroxysmal headache and monoamine oxidase inhibitors.

Early environmental influences on the development of intelligence.

Abstract: The literature related to the study of intelligence is vast and even in an appraisal of environmental influences some restriction must be imposed. This discussion will be focused on intelligence in the general population and so far as possible will exclude variation in association with recognized causes or abnormalities. In particular it will exclude mental subnormality. The last restriction presents difficulties, since the subnormal comprise not only patients with associated pathological conditions, but also others identified solely on the basis of their social or intellectual impairment. Some of the latter undoubtedly belong to the general population, and to the extent that they are excluded the study of intelligence is deficient. The justification for omitting the subnormal from the present discussion is that, in an examination of environmental influences on the variation of intelligence in the general population, omission of some individuals from the lower end of the distribution is less serious than inclusion of those whose defect is known to be associated with other abnormalities.