Showing papers in "Bulletin of Chinese Cancer in 2005"

Stem Cells,Cancer and Cancer Stem Cells

Abstract: Stem cells are defined as cells able to both extensively self-renew and differentiate into progenitors. Research data show that more resistant stem cells than common cancer cells exist in cancer patients.To identify unrecognized differences between cancer stem cells and cancer cells might be able to develope effective classification,diagnose and treat ment for cancer.

A Study of the Combined Treatment Strategy for Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Based on the Analysis of the Treatment Results from 749 Cases

Abstract: [Purpose]To explore the multimodality therapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). [Methods]Seven hundred and forty-nine cases with non-metastatic NPC were retrospectively analyzed.All cases were restaged based on the Chinese staging system 1992. According to the death hazard ratios and survival rate of different combinations of T and N,patients were divided into five subgroups:early disease group with N0 (T1～2N0), early disease group with N1 (T1～2N1), advanced local disease group (T3～4N0～1), advanced nodal disease group (T1～2N2～3) and advanced locoregional disease group (T3～4N2～3). 5-year overall survival rate, 5-year cumulative locoregional failure rate, distant failure rate, and death hazard ratios were compared among subgroups.[Results] The early disease group with N1 (T1～2N1) had a lower 5-year survival rate and a higher distant failure rate compared with the early disease group with N0 (T1～2N0) (84.7% vs. 95.4%,P=0.005, 0.1% vs. 10.8%, P=0.0004). The hazard ratios were 1 and 3.8,respectively.No significant difference was found with the 5-year overall survival rates, 5-year cumulative distant failure rates, and locoregional failure rates between advanced local disease group (T3～4N1～2) and advanced nodal disease group (T1～2N2～3)(61.4% vs 63.9%, 20.3% vs 24.6%, 19.1% vs 15.6%,respectively,P0.05). Their hazard ratios were in the same level with 10.1 and 10.0, respectively.For advanced locoregional disease group (T3～4N2～3), the 5-year overall survival rate was only 48.2% and the hazard ratio was as high as 16.4.[Conclusions]Stratification according to the accurate combinations of T and N,should be involved in the consideration of treatment strategy for NPC.The treatment results in patients with T1～2N0 were excellent, radiotherapy alone was enough.For patients with T1～2N1,chemoradiotherapy may be indicated.Poorer survival rate and higher relapse rate were observed among patients with T3～4 or/and N2～3,more aggressive therapy was recommended.

An Evaluation on Incident Cases of Liver Cancer in China

Abstract: To estimate the national incidence of liver cancer in China by using cancer registry data and to provide the data for liver cancer research.Age-specific incidence rates (Ii) and population (Pi) by sex and by age were collected from 14 cancer registries (Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai,Wuhan,Harbin,Cixian,Linzhou,Qidong,Jiashan,Fusui,Changle,Linqu,Hongkong,and Taiwan)to calculate the numbers of incident cases(Ni)according to the formula Ni=Ii·Pi. The additional combining numbers of cases from registries were used as a sample of incident cases of liver cancer, to enumerate the age-specific incidence rate, by which nationwide incident cases was estimated given by multiplying the China Fifth National Census 2000 data by the incidence rates.The incidence rate of liver cancer estimated based upon 14 cancer registries was 30.3/105,with a sex ratio (male: female) of 2.85:1.Liver cancer was ranked third (accounted for 13.13%) among all sites of cancers. The incidence rate would be 24.6/105 if the data only from mainland China cancer registries(Hongkong included, but Taiwan excluded).The total incident cases was estimated to be 347 000 a year by using the gross incidence, and to be 263 000 when the age-specific rates were enumerated.[Conclusions]In view of the possibility of overestimation and omission for the case-finding report, it is evaluated that the new incident cases will be 280 000 in mainland China,or 290 000 in whole China (range:260 000-320 000) in 2000,males 215 000, and females,75 000.

An Analysis of Cancer Incidence Among Riboflavin Fortified Salt Intervention Residents in Yanting, China

Abstract: Purpose] To investigate the effect on cancer incidence in Riboflavin Fortified Salt Intervention population. [Methods] The cancer incidence of the population with Riboflavin Fortified Salt Intervention during the intervention period (1992~1996) and the period after intervention (1997~2001) were analyzed.[Results]The incidence rates of esophageal cancer, lung cancer and colorectal cancer for male, esophageal cancer, leukemia and cervical cancer for female among the intervention population were higher than those in control group during the intervention period, while they were lower than that in control group during the period after intervention. Compared with control group, lower incidence rates of all the other cancers except for stomach cancer were observed among the trial group in the period after intervention, especially for esophageal cancer and cervical cancer. Although the increase incidence of lung cancer and colorectal cancer were observed between both groups. A less extent of increase was found among the trial group than that in control group. [Conclusion] The difference of incidence in trial group and control group suggests that supplement of riboflavin might decrease the cancer risk, it is worthy extending for a large scale of high risk population.

The Progress in Diagnosis and Treatment for Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Portal Vein Tumor Thrombus

Abstract: Portal vein tumor thrombus(PVTT) is one of the most important factors resulting in the poor prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. The improvement of growth mechanism and diagnosis and treatment of PVTT are retrospected in this article. For the diagnosis of PVTT, it is easier to be detected by iconography especially intraoperative ultrasonography,but the efficacy of the treatment of PVTT isn't also satisfying. Tumor resection with PVTT removal, postoperative infusion through hepatic artery and portal vein,etc are the common therapy to prolong the overall survival.

Effect of Postoperative Prophylactic Transcatheter Arterial Chemoembolization on Delaying Recurrence in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma

Abstract: To investigate effect of postoperative prophylactic transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE)on delaying recurrence in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)Eight hundred amd twenty-three patients with HCC pathologically proved who accepted radical resection were followed up,126 patients underwent prophylactic TACE after operationClinical and pathological factors such as gender,age,preoperative alpha-fetoprotein (AFP),tumor thrombus,surgical margin, tumor rupture, diameter of main nodule, number of nodules, tumor capsule, prophylactic TACE ,etc were analyzed by Cox modelThe data were analyzed by software of SAS612 and SPSSYounger patients, present of tumor thrombus,tumor rupture,larger tumors and present of tumor daughters significantly decreased disease-free survival rateSafely surgical margin greater than 2 cm and prophylactic TACE significantly increased the disease-free survival rateProphylactic TACE could significantly increase the 2-year disease-free survival rate after operation[Conclusions]Patient with high risk to recurrence should be candidate for prophylactic TACE to delay recurrence

Progress on Clinical Application of Interstitial Chemotherapy

Abstract: The sustained-release anticancer drug implantation can achieve high local concentration with reducing systematic toxicity by implanting sustained-release drug into tumor tissue or interstitial tissue.It can kill or inhibit tumor cells,reduce or delay the chance of local recurrence or metastasis, and improve prognosis with a broad prospect.The concept of interstitial chemotherapy,animal experiment,sustained-release agents and the clinical application are reviewed.

Study on Neuro-glioma Microecosystem

Abstract: The biological behavior of malignant neuro-glioma mainly shows invasive growth and highly vasculalization.It has been well recongnized that the behavior not only results from its own malignant phenotype,but also from its interaction among relative factors in neuro-glioma microecosystem(NGMES).The relative references of NGMES,including research situation,differences compared with the tumor microenvironment,main components,and effect of endothelial cell are reviewed in this paper.

Effect of Adriamycin on Cell Apoptosis and Proliferation in Human Breast Cancer

Abstract: To investigate the effects of adriamycin(ADR)on the apoptosis and proliferation of human breast cancer cells(MCF-7/S)cultured in vitro and to discuss the possible mechanism.MTT colorimetric assay and flow cytometry(FCM)were applied to examine the growth inhibition and apoptosis respectively.The expressive levels of dephosphorylated Rb protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA)were detected with immunocytochemistry in MCF-7/S cells.ADR inhibited proliferation of MCF-7/S cells in a dose-dependent manner.Tumor cell apoptotic rate (AR) and the expressive level of dephosphorylated Rb protein in ADR group were significantly higher than those in control group(P0.01).PCNA positive expression rate in ADR group was significantly lower than that in control group(P0.01).There was significant positive correlation between AR and the expressive level of dephosphorylated Rb protein in ADR group,but there was significant negative correlation between AR and PCNA.[Conclusions]ADR induces apoptosis and inhibits the growth proliferation in MCF-7/S cell,which is possibly related to the expression of ascending dephosphorylated Rb protein and descending PCNA.

Study on Purification and Biological Activity of Recombinant Human Endostatin

Abstract: To purify recombinant human endostatin from high expression genetic engineering bacteria and analyze its anti-tumor activity.By isopropy1-beta-D-thiogalactopyranoside(IPTG) induction,recombinant human endostatin was expressed highly in Ecoli by inclusion.Recombinant human endostatin was purified by gel filtration chromatography.The biological anti-cancer activity of recombinant human endostatin were studied by chick embrgoallantoid membrane,MTT assay,cell migrate inhibition assay,the tumor growth of the laryngeal subcutaneously implanted in nude mice and pathological slice and immunohistochemistry.The restorable rate of recombinant human endostatin was 40%.Recombinant human endostatin could directly inhibit lung cell proliferation and migration.After 21 days of recombinant human endostatin administered,the tumor inhibition rate of the laryngeal subcutaneously implanted in nude mice was 40.66%.HE staining,immunohistochemistry,CAM identified recombinant human endostatin had a strong anti-angiogenesis activity on tumor tissue.[Conclusions]Recombinant human endostatin reveals effects to inhibite not only tumor tissue anti-angiogenesis but also tumor cell proliferation and migration.

Present Condition of Cancer Prevalence in Shanghai

Abstract: Up to Oct 31, 2004, there was 134 607 survivors patients with cancer in Shanghai city The prevalence rate of cancer was 100% The prevalence of cancer in urban and in suburb was 129% and 075%, respectively Breast cancer was the most common in all cancer, it accounted for 1666% 3610% survivors patients with cancer had over five years, patients with KPS80 accounted for 7938%

An Analysis of Smoking Status Among Community Residents in Guangzhou City

Abstract: [Purpose] To investigate the smoking status among the community residents in Guangzhou city,providing evidence for further setting up regulations of tobacco control.[Methods] Random sampling a total of 1006 participants aged from 20 to 60 were surveyed by questionnaires in the communities of Hongqiao and Dongfeng,Yuexiu district,Guangzhou city in 2004.[Results] The smoking rate in the population was 28.4%,while the smoking rates in men and women was 52.2%and 6.5% respectively.61.9% of smokers started smoking before 20 age.Higher smoking rates were found as age progress,people with low education and whose occupation related with transportation.Most smokers consumed cigarettes at home,in office or public area.These participants only realized that smoking might cause respiratory diseases.They believed that the knowledge on smoking and health could be obtained from public medium such as TV and broadcasting.[Conclusion] The prevalence of smoking is still a serious public health problem.It is vital to develop an effective tobacco control in order to decrease the smoking rates and the damage on health.

Monitoring and Prevention of Occupational Cancer

Abstract: Occupational oncology is an important branch of oncology. The development of risk factors, legal lists, diagnosis, monitoring and prophylaxis of occupational cancer is reviewed in this article.