Showing papers in "Canadian Geotechnical Journal in 1977"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors compare six methods of slices commonly used for slope stability analysis, and compare them with the factor of safety equations written in the same form, recognizing whether moment and (or) force equilibri...
Abstract: The paper compares six methods of slices commonly used for slope stability analysis. The factor of safety equations are written in the same form, recognizing whether moment and (or) force equilibri...
505 citations
TL;DR: Contamination profiles below two youthful landfills founded on thick silty clay deposits near Sarnia, Ontario were obtained by squeezing pore water from Shelby tube samples and analyzing this water as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Contamination profiles below two youthful landfills founded on thick silty clay deposits near Sarnia, Ontario were obtained by squeezing pore water from Shelby tube samples and analyzing this water...
116 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors concluded that failure initiates where the slope is 25° or steeper, and that slab failure stress is in the range 102-104 n/m2.
Abstract: From a study of 205 slab avalanches it is concluded that failure initiates where the slope is 25° or steeper, that slab failure stress is in the range 102–104 N/m2, and that the slab failure plane ...
114 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the distribution of pore-water pressures in a slope was analyzed in terms of effective stress and the slope stability analysis was carried out based on a knowledge of the pore water pressure distribution.
Abstract: Slope stability analyses carried out in terms of effective stress require an understanding of the distribution of pore-water pressures in a slope. This understanding must be based on a knowledge of...
71 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed a maintenance technique for unstable rock slopes along transportation routes in rocky terrain, requiring carefully selected maintenance techniques if safety against rock falls is to be improved at reasonable cost.
Abstract: Unstable rock slopes along transportation routes in rocky terrain are hazards requiring carefully selected maintenance techniques if safety against rock falls is to be improved at reasonable cost. ...
61 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the literature dealing with extensive retrogression of landslides in sensitive sediments is reviewed and found to be inadequate in several respects, one obvious deficiency is in the link between su...
Abstract: The literature dealing with extensive retrogression of landslides in sensitive sediments is reviewed and found to be inadequate in several respects. One obvious deficiency is in the link between su...
60 citations
TL;DR: In this article, various theories for determining the earth pressure on shaft linings in cohesionless soils are discussed, and results are presented for a Coulomb-type analysis with a conical sliding surface.
Abstract: Various theories for determining the earth pressure on shaft linings in cohesionless soils are discussed, and results are presented for a Coulomb-type analysis with a conical sliding surface. The a...
57 citations
TL;DR: The 27-45-m high bluffs along the north shore of Lake Erie in Ontario are retreating inland at a 150 year average rate of 0.5 to 3.0m/year as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: The 27–45 m high bluffs along the north shore of Lake Erie in Ontario are retreating inland at a 150 year average rate of 0.5 to 3.0 m/year. The retreat mechanisms and rates are cyclic and consist ...
51 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a borehole dilution method using fluoride in low concentrations as the tracer and an adapted commercially available fluoride ion electrode to measure tracer dilution has been developed and evaluated.
Abstract: A borehole dilution method using fluoride in low concentrations as the tracer and an adapted, commercially available fluoride ion electrode to measure the tracer dilution has been developed and emp...
43 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, cyclic loading of triaxial samples of a sensitive Champlain Sea clay at deviatoric stress levels in excess of 50% of the static shear strength is shown to produce large deformations and e...
Abstract: Undrained cyclic loading of triaxial samples of a sensitive Champlain Sea clay at deviatoric stress levels in excess of 50% of the static shear strength is shown to produce large deformations and e...
33 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a multiple regression analysis has been performed of the average annual number of avalanches and terrain factors at 36 paths at Rogers Pass over a period of 9 years, and the analysis confirmed that avalanches need either a steep slope or a snow drift to start and a mimimum inclination of track to maintain their motion.
Abstract: A multiple regression analysis has been performed of the average annual number of avalanches and terrain factors Observations were made at 36 paths at Rogers Pass over a period of 9 years The average slope inclination measured from the starting point to the beginning of the run-out zone and exposure to wind proved to be the most significant variables Slope angle at the starting point, variations over the track, and roughness of the ground surface were of secondary significance and their influence varied strongly from site to site The analysis confirmed that avalanches need either a steep slope or a snow drift to start and a mimimum inclination of track to maintain their motion
TL;DR: Samples of Winnipeg tan silt, brown clay, grey clay, and grey plastic clay were examined using X-ray diffraction and the scanning electron microscope (SEM) as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Samples of Winnipeg tan silt, brown clay, grey clay, and grey plastic clay were examined using X-ray diffraction and the scanning electron microscope (SEM). These same samples from the Winnipeg Flo...
TL;DR: Seventeen maps at a scale of 1:50 000 showing the distribution of sensitive clay deposits and associated landslides in Ottawa Valley have been compiled by as mentioned in this paper, where the following map-units have been used: rock...
Abstract: Seventeen maps at a scale of 1:50 000 showing the distribution of sensitive clay deposits and associated landslides in Ottawa Valley have been compiled. The following map-units have been used: rock...
TL;DR: In this article, a method for the in situ measurement of the horizontal and vertical coefficients of permeability and consolidation is presented, following a brief review of the theories developed by G...
Abstract: A method for the in situ measurement of the horizontal and vertical coefficients of permeability and consolidation is presented in this paper.Following a brief review of the theories developed by G...
TL;DR: The methods of probability theory are used to develop probabilistic models for predicting the total settlement (based on either consolidation test data or the results of standard penetration tests).
Abstract: The methods of probability theory are used to develop probabilistic models for predicting the total settlement (based on either consolidation test data or the results of standard penetration tests)...
TL;DR: In this paper, the performance of two embankments in New Liskeard, Ontario was analyzed with respect to stability, undrained and varved clay foundations with a medium-to-soft varved-clay foundation.
Abstract: The performance, including a failure, of two embankments in New Liskeard, Ontario is analysed. The underlying medium-to-soft varved clay foundation is studied with respect to stability, undrained d...
TL;DR: In this article, the breakout capacity of eight model underwater suction anchors was investigated in a 30-in. (76-cm) wide, 72-in (183-cm).
Abstract: The breakout capacity of eight model underwater suction anchors was investigated in a 30-in. (76-cm) wide, 72-in. (183-cm) long, and 32-in. (81-cm) deep unpressurized cast iron tank. The test soils...
TL;DR: The results reported by Ladanyi and Vogan as discussed by the authors show that even in fractured rock the load distribution ratio between the end bearing and bond components of stress support the findings of Osterberg and Gill (1973) as shown on their Figs. 1 and 2.
Abstract: The writers thank Ladanyi and Vogan for their interesting discussions, and in particular for adding their field measurements to the data given in the paper. The results reported by Ladanyi are important since they present reasonably long term measurements of socket base stresses. The results show that even in fractured rock the load distribution ratio between the end bearing and bond components of stress support the findings of Osterberg and Gill (1973) as shown on their Figs. 1 and 2. Vogan raises the possibility that load transfer to the socket base may be stress dependent;
TL;DR: A large number of laboratory tests, carried out to determine index and physical characteristics of Champlain marine clays, using conventional testing procedures and the Swedish fall cone tests, hav...
Abstract: A large number of laboratory tests, carried out to determine index and physical characteristics of Champlain marine clays, using conventional testing procedures and the Swedish fall cone tests, hav...
TL;DR: In this paper, a field investigation and stability analysis indicated that a multiple retrogressive mechanism is valid in explaining the failures at Beaver Creek, 28 km south of Saskatoon, Canada.
Abstract: Active landslides are occurring along the banks of the South Saskatchewan River at Saskatoon. A field investigation and stability analysis indicated that a multiple retrogressive mechanism is valid in explaining the failures at Beaver Creek, 28 km south of Saskatoon. Computations indicated that lateral pressures ranging from the active to something greater than the at-rest condition tend to support the successive blocks but are not high enough to stabilize the slides. It was assumed that the rate of movement of the blocks varies and probably increases downslope. Valuable information was obtained about the soil properties in the area and the mechanism of failure that seems to apply over a long section along the river bank south of Saskatoon.
TL;DR: The safety factor for piping by heave was conceived as a minimum criterion (probably in 1929 by Baumgart and Davidenkoff, certainly in 1943 by Terzaghi).
Abstract: The safety factor for piping by heave was conceived as a minimum criterion (probably in 1929 by Baumgart and Davidenkoff, certainly in 1943 by Terzaghi). The minimum condition of the criterion is f...
TL;DR: A regional study of the distribution and characteristics of landslides along four major rivers in southern Alberta was undertaken in order to relate landslide activity to geologic and physiographic properties as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: A regional study of the distribution and characteristics of landslides along four major rivers in southern Alberta was undertaken in order to relate landslide activity to geologic and physiographic...
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of overburden pressure and other parameters on the freezing behavior of a saturated soil were investigated. And they found a linear relationship between effective OBP and the freezing behaviour of saturated soil.
Abstract: A study to observe the effects of overburden pressure and other parameters on the freezing behavior of a saturated soil was undertaken. A linear relationship between effective overburden pressure a...
TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of predicting stability or instability of natural clay slopes is examined in view of the random intrinsic nature of both soil properties and external actions, and the probabilistic m...
Abstract: The problem of the prediction of stability or instability of natural clay slopes is examined in view of the random intrinsic nature of both soil properties and external actions. The probabilistic m...
TL;DR: In this paper, a review of the existing quasi-static methods of analysis used for predicting the thaw bulb around a buried pipe in permafrost has been made, and a modification to the approximate method is suggested to improve its applicability to preliminary engineering design.
Abstract: A review of the existing quasi-static methods of analysis used for predicting the thaw bulb around a buried pipe in permafrost has been made The quasi-static solutions are compared with the results obtained by numerical techniques so that the accuracy of the approximate method can be examined Consequently, a modification to the approximate method is suggested to improve its applicability to preliminary engineering design
TL;DR: Gill et al. as discussed by the authors used the long term strength concept in the determination of ground pressure on tunnel linbecome if the longterm strength of the tunnel was less than its long-term strength.
Abstract: tinuous and indefinite increase of the displacements or the lining pressure. Some more detailed calculations and theoretical solutions show that the behavior is rather asymptotical, if the rock is stressed below its long term strength (Gill et al. 1970). For this reason, for rock, Zener's creep model is more appropriate than Maxwell's which contains a dash pot in polation should only serve as a means for finding out how the lining pressure will change with time before the rock around the tunnel attains the ultimate state, governed by the long-term strength. This approach may be quite appropriate in the situation described by the authors in which failure started even before the lining was installed. series. (b ) If the rock mass around the tunnel is GILL, D. E., COATES, D. F., and GELDART, L. P. 1970. Un modele mathhatique d'un souterrain cylindrique cirWessed the strength, culaire droit rev2tu et p e r ~ 6 dans un milieu visco6laswill occur locally after some creep. This obtique linCaire. Proc. 2nd Int. Congr. on Rock Mech., viously invalidates any design method based ~ e o g r a d , ~ugoslavia , vol. 2, pp. 625-632. only on extrapolation of creep displacements. HOYAUX, B. and LADANYI, B. 1970. Rock failure around a circular opening in a gravity field with tectonic forces. It is the opinion of the discusser that, when the ,,,: Rock mech. theory and practice, ed. W. H. Somerrock is highly stressed, in addition to the extraton, Am. Inst. Min. Metall. Pet. Eng., Inc., New York, polation method suggested by the authors, one N.Y, pp. 281-292. should also ,-heck what the lining pressure LADANYI, B. 1974. Use of the long term strength concept in the determination of ground pressure on tunnel linbecome if the long term strength the ings. Proc. 3rd Int. Congr. on Rock Mechanics, Denver, rock is attained and rock failure Occurs CO.. Nat. Acad. Sci.. Washington. D.C., vol. 2B, pp. . . (Ladanyi 1974). In other words, creep extra115@-1156.
TL;DR: In this article, a design chart for slope stability analysis in natural earth slopes where c′/γH ǫ = 0.075 and c′ /γH h 0.100 was presented.
Abstract: Design charts have been produced for slope stability analysis in natural earth slopes where c′/γH = 0.075 and c′/γH = 0.100. This permits use of the Bishop and Morgenstern stability method in sensi...
TL;DR: In this paper, statistical techniques are used to forecast the compressibility of peaty ground, based on data from more than 100 consolidation tests on undisturbed samples of the peat and underlying clay.
Abstract: Statistical techniques are used to forecast the compressibility of peaty ground. Based on data from more than 100 consolidation tests on undisturbed samples of peat and underlying clay, various reg...
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors discuss landslides within the City of Edmonton in general terms and detailed analyses are presented in the context of urbanization and a more intense land use, which tends to emphasize the landslide problem.
Abstract: Increased urbanization and a more intense land use tends to emphasize the landslide problem. This report discusses landslides within the City of Edmonton in general terms and detailed analyses are ...
TL;DR: In this article, three case histories are described which involve the construction of major bridge approach fills on heavily overconsolidated clay or clay shale foundations, in which the residual strength of the foundation materials governed the design.
Abstract: Three case histories are described which involve the construction of major bridge approach fills on heavily overconsolidated clay or clay shale foundations, in which the residual strength of the foundation materials governed the design. The case histories are well documented by both field and laboratory observations.The difficulties of detecting thin preexisting failure planes in overconsolidated foundation materials are described. The case histories demonstrate that for such foundation conditions, and where major structures are involved, unusually thorough sampling, field instrumentation and laboratory testing programs are justified, and can provide the required data to permit a reliable stability analysis.