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Showing papers in "Canadian Geotechnical Journal in 2007"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors used analytical and micromechanical tools to validate a simple empirical predictive model for tunnel spall initiation in hard-rock and granitoid or gneissic ground.
Abstract: Spalling and strain bursting has long been recognized as a mechanism of failure in deep underground mines in hard rock and in deep infrastructure tunnels. The latter is a significant growth industry, particularly in Europe where subalpine base tunnels in excess of 10 m wide and dozens of kilometres long are being driven by tunnel boring machine (TBM) through alpine terrain at depths greater than 2 km. In more massive granitoid or gneissic ground, these tunnels have experienced significant spalling damage. En route to a practical predictive technique for this condition, the author utilizes a number of analytical and micromechanical tools to validate a simple empirical predictive model for tunnel spall initiation. The true nature of damage and of yield, as the result of extensile damage accumulation, in hard rocks is examined using these tools. Based on the resultant conceptual model, the author expands on the empirical damage threshold, using a spalling limit to differentiate stress paths that lead to crac...

441 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an historical overview on hard rock mines shows that since the 1930s, it has become current practice to extract tailings from ground rock particles from which the valuable minerals or metals have been extracted.
Abstract: Tailings are ground rock particles from which the valuable minerals or metals have been extracted. An historical overview on hard rock mines shows that since the 1930s, it has become current practi...

257 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of particle angularity on the strength and dilation of granular materials is investigated through a series of laboratory tests on two materials, Ottawa standard sand (Sand O) and crushed...
Abstract: The effect of particle angularity on the strength and dilation of granular materials is investigated through a series of laboratory tests on two materials, Ottawa standard sand (Sand O) and crushed...

189 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Very few experimental data on the mechanical behavior of unsaturated soils exists, particularly on the collapse behavior under general stress states, because of the technical difficulties and tim... as mentioned in this paper, which is a limitation of our work.
Abstract: Very few experimental data on the mechanical behaviour of unsaturated soils exists, particularly on the collapse behaviour under general stress states, because of the technical difficulties and tim...

174 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors link gas hydrate dissociation to submarine slope fraction and show substantial evidence from case histories that links gas hydrates dissociation with submarine slope descent.
Abstract: Gas hydrates are icelike compounds composed of water and methane gas in very compact form. There is substantial evidence from case histories that links gas hydrate dissociation to submarine slope f...

170 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an analysis of the desiccation process in mining materials based on physical laws, which is similar to the one used in this paper. But, due to the complexity of the process complexity, most of the previous approaches used have an empirical basis.
Abstract: The paper presents an analysis of the desiccation process in mining materials, based on physical laws. Due to the process complexity, most of the previous approaches used have an empirical basis. I...

166 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the thermally induced volume change occurring under a drained heating condition in saturated fine-grained soils and found that saturated fine grained soils exhibit a thermally-induced volume change.
Abstract: One of the essential features of thermomechanical behaviour of saturated fine-grained soils is the thermally induced volume change occurring under a drained heating condition. In this study, a modi...

159 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A full-scale field study was conducted to investigate the effects of rainfall infiltration on a natural grassed expansive soil slope in China as discussed by the authors, where a 16'm wide × 28'm long area was selected for instrume...
Abstract: A full-scale field study was conducted to investigate the effects of rainfall infiltration on a natural grassed expansive soil slope in China. A 16 m wide × 28 m long area was selected for instrume...

132 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that Bangkok clay is stable in a metastable state and its void ratio is the sum of the void ratio sustained by the intrinsic fabric, eR, and the additional void ratio.
Abstract: Due to the effect of structure, Bangkok clay is stable in a metastable state. Its void ratio, e, is the summation of the void ratio sustained by the intrinsic fabric, eR, and the additional void ra...

127 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the sliding interaction between sand and structural materials is involved in many geotechnical applications and is particularly important for the derivation of the shaft capacity of piles, such as for the construction of piles.
Abstract: The sliding interaction between sand and structural materials is involved in many geotechnical applications and is particularly important for the derivation of the shaft capacity of piles. Such int...

119 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: One way of reducing the water content of such tailings is by electroosmotic dewatering as mentioned in this paper, which can reduce the water consumption of the tailings under self-weight consolidation.
Abstract: Many mining operations produce tailings that dewater very slowly under self-weight consolidation. One way of reducing the water content of such tailings is by electroosmotic dewatering. Although th...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors show that as the plasticity of clay increases, cracks tend to develop during cycle cycle, which is a problem for hydraulic barrier construction, especially in situations where a hydraulic barrier is desired.
Abstract: Clay materials have many environmental applications, especially in situations where a hydraulic barrier is desired. However, as the plasticity of clay increases, cracks tend to develop during cycle...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is shown that the GP model is able to learn the complex relationship between foundation settlement and its contributing factors, and render this knowledge in the form of a function.
Abstract: In this paper, a new genetic programming (GP) approach for predicting settlement of shallow foundations is presented. The GP model is developed and verified using a large database of standard penet...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a series of laboratory model tests have been performed to study the behaviour of geocell-reinforced sand beds under strip loading, and the strain in geocell walls, pressure transmitted to the subgrade...
Abstract: A series of laboratory model tests have been performed to study the behaviour of geocell-reinforced sand beds under strip loading. The strain in geocell walls, pressure transmitted to the subgrade ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, experimental results on the static liquefaction behavior of sand under plane-strain conditions are presented, and undrained tests on very loose sand under both plane and axisymmet conditions are conducted.
Abstract: Experimental results on the static liquefaction behaviour of sand under plane-strain conditions are presented in this paper. Undrained tests on very loose sand under both plane-strain and axisymmet...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the prediction of ground movements above single tunnels in soft ground is well established and can be estimated using semi-empirical methods based on the Gaussian curve.
Abstract: The prediction of the ground movements above single tunnels in soft ground is well established and can be estimated using semi-empirical methods based on the Gaussian curve. However, the prediction...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors proposed the use of active waveguides for monitoring the stability of soil slopes, where developing shear surfaces generate acoustic emission (AE) in the soil.
Abstract: In soil slopes, developing shear surfaces generate acoustic emission (AE). The authors have previously proposed the use of active waveguides for monitoring the stability of such slopes. Active wave...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the placement of fine-grained cemented mine backfill, the high placement rates and low permeability often result in undrained self-weight loading conditions, when assessed in the conventiona...
Abstract: During the placement of fine-grained cemented mine backfill, the high placement rates and low permeability often result in undrained self-weight loading conditions, when assessed in the conventiona...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The bearing capacity of embedded foundations subject to combined horizontal and moment loading in undrained soils is of interest particularly to the offshore geotechnical engineer as discussed by the authors, where the bearing capacity is investigated in the context of offshore offshore foundations.
Abstract: The bearing capacity of embedded foundations subject to combined horizontal and moment loading in undrained soils is of interest particularly to the offshore geotechnical engineer. These loadings c...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the responses of single piles under various working loads to nearby tunneling were investigated using centrifuge model tests, and the tunneling-induced soil movements and tunnel stability in single piles were investigated.
Abstract: The responses of single piles under various working loads to nearby tunneling were investigated using centrifuge model tests. First, the tunneling-induced soil movements and the tunnel stability in...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the effect of inflow of sodium chloride solutions on the swell-compression behavior of compacted expansive clays under a range of external loads was examined, and the results showed that the inflow increased the swell compression behavior of clays.
Abstract: The present study examines the effect of inflow of sodium chloride solutions on the swell–compression behaviour of compacted expansive clays under a range of external loads. Inflow of sodium chlori...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of the mean net stress and suction history on the initial shear stiffness, G0, of a compacted clayey silt Isotropic tests were investigated.
Abstract: An experimental study was carried out to investigate the effects of the mean net stress and suction history on the initial shear stiffness, G0, of a compacted clayey silt Isotropic tests were perf


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Silt tailings (slimes) are difficult materials to test in that, like sands, it is extremely difficult to obtain undisturbed samples and subsequently re-establish them in a triaxial cell for element testing as mentioned in this paper.
Abstract: Silt tailings (slimes) are difficult materials to test in that, like sands, it is extremely difficult to obtain undisturbed samples and subsequently re-establish them in a triaxial cell for element...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, surface and borehole investigations of the unstable mass reveal an unstable mass with an unknown number of slopes and a large number of landslips, which is known as the Campo Vallemaggia landslide.
Abstract: Slope movements of the deep-seated Campo Vallemaggia landslide in the southern Swiss Alps have been reported for over 200 years. Surface and borehole investigations of the unstable mass reveal an u...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the results from parametric finite element analyses of geocell-supported embankments constructed on weak foundation soils are presented, and a composite model is used to numerically simulate the results.
Abstract: This paper presents the results from parametric finite element analyses of geocell-supported embankments constructed on weak foundation soils. A composite model is used to numerically simulate the ...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors report an experimental study in which samples of soft kaolin clay (100mm in diameter and 200mm in height) were reinforced with vertical columns of sand and tested under triaxial condi...
Abstract: This paper reports an experimental study in which samples of soft kaolin clay (100 mm in diameter and 200 mm in height) were reinforced with vertical columns of sand and tested under triaxial condi...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a simplified small-strain soil model, referred to as the modified pseudoplasticity (MPP) model, was developed based on the smallstrain behavior of clay measured from the triaxial tests.
Abstract: A simplified small-strain soil model, referred to herein as the modified pseudoplasticity (MPP) model, developed based on the small-strain behavior of clay measured from the triaxial tests is evalu...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A system of vertical drains combined with vacuum preloading is an effective method for promoting radial flow to accelerate soil consolidation in this article, where the authors present the analytical modeling of the con...
Abstract: A system of vertical drains combined with vacuum preloading is an effective method for promoting radial flow to accelerate soil consolidation. This study presents the analytical modeling of the con...

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) technique, which is used to determine shear wave velocity (Vs) and hence small strain stiffness (Gmax), has recently generated considerable interes...
Abstract: The multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) technique, which is used to determine shear wave velocity (Vs) and hence small strain stiffness (Gmax), has recently generated considerable interes...