Showing papers in "Canadian Journal of Chemistry in 1959"
TL;DR: In this paper, simple electron transfer systems in solution and at electrodes have revealed a number of interesting and simplifying features, and the chemical reactions also represent one of the most important features.
Abstract: Kinetic studies of simple electron transfer systems in solution and at electrodes have revealed a number of interesting and simplifying features. The chemical reactions also represent one of the ve...
245 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a study was made of the isolation of a lignin fraction from spruce and aspen wood meals using a low temperature (90-95 °C) acidolysis involving a dioxane-water (9:1) solvent medium containing...
Abstract: A study has been made of the isolation of a lignin fraction from spruce and aspen wood meals using a low temperature (90–95 °C) acidolysis involving a dioxane–water (9:1) solvent medium containing ...
159 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors observed that unsaturated lactones exhibit two bands in the region of the spectrum associated with the C=O stretching vibrational mode, which is observed both in the infrared and Raman spectra.
Abstract: Certain types of unsaturated lactones exhibit two bands in the region of the spectrum associated with the C=O stretching vibrational mode. This is observed both in the infrared and Raman spectra.Th...
158 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a movable atom detector was used to measure the oxygen atom concentration as a function of time in a flow system by means of a platinum wire coated with a suitable catalyst for atom recombination.
Abstract: Molecular oxygen was subjected to an electrodeless discharge in the pressure range 0.1–3 mm Hg. The oxygen atom concentration was measured as a function of time in a flow system by means of a movable atom detector which consisted of a platinum wire coated with a suitable catalyst for atom recombination. The atom concentration was calculated from the heat liberated when the detector was operated under isothermal conditions. The surface recombination was found to be first order in the atom concentration. A value of 7.7 × 10−5 was obtained for the recombination coefficient (γ) on Pyrex. No temperature dependence for γ was observed. The gas phase recombination of oxygen atoms was found to be consistent with the mechanismThe rate constant for the third-order reaction was found to have a value of 1.0 × 1014 cc2 mole−2 sec−1, and a small negative temperature dependence.Evidence was also obtained for the presence of considerable amounts of excited molecular oxygen in electrically activated O2.
117 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the reaction of organic isothiocyanates with sodium azide in ethanol and water has been investigated and water is shown to be the more advantageous solvent for this reaction giving higher yields and i...
Abstract: The reaction of organic isothiocyanates with sodium azide in ethanol and water has been investigated. Water is shown to be the more advantageous solvent for this reaction giving higher yields and i...
97 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the positive plate of a charged nickel-cadmium battery is formed by the NiO 2 oxide electrode (NiO 2 ), which forms a positive plate in the battery.
Abstract: The nickel – nickel oxide electrode forms the positive plate in the charged nickel–cadmium battery. After "charging" the electrode to a chemical state represented by the non-structural formula NiOx...
89 citations
TL;DR: In this article, a method for calculating kinetic parameters of moderately rapid redox reactions from currentpotential curves obtained with rotating electrodes or stationary electrodes in stirred-up liquid was proposed.
Abstract: Methods are suggested for calculating kinetic parameters of moderately rapid redox reactions from current–potential curves obtained with (a) rotating electrodes or stationary electrodes in stirred ...
84 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a 2-desvinyl-2-formyl-chlorophyll-a was identified and its probable identity with chlorophyll d was discussed in detail.
Abstract: Treatment of chlorophyll a or methyl chlorophyllide a with potassium permanganate effected oxidation of the 2-vinyl group without concomitant oxidation of the cyclopentanone ring. One of the products obtained was of especial interest because its visible absorption spectrum was identical with that of a previously known, but chemically uncharacterized, pigment—chlorophyll d. The preparation and identification of this oxidation product as 2-desvinyl-2-formyl-chlorophyll-a is given and its probable identity with chlorophyll d is discussed in detail.
68 citations
TL;DR: In this article, an introductory study of the proton magnetic resonance spectra of fatty acids, fatty acid esters, and natural glyceride oils was made, and the hydrogens of the acids were analyzed.
Abstract: An introductory study has been made of the proton magnetic resonance spectra of fatty acids, fatty acid esters, and natural glyceride oils. Characteristic signals were recorded for the hydrogens of...
68 citations
TL;DR: A radio tracer method has been used to measure the heat and entropy of association of all the lanthanide ions (except promethium) with the chelating agent EDTA.
Abstract: A radio tracer method has been used to measure the heat and entropy of association of all the lanthanide ions (except promethium) with the chelating agent EDTA. Entropy terms are largely responsible for the remarkable stability of these complex ions. The results suggest, but do not prove, that a change in configuration of the complex occurs after gadolinium (element 64).
67 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the initial slopes of the adsorption isotherms of nitrogen and the simpler hydrocarbons on a series of steam-activated coconut charcoals were determined from measurements of the gas chromatographic retention volumes.
Abstract: From measurements of the gas chromatographic retention volumes, the initial slopes of the adsorption isotherms of nitrogen and the simpler hydrocarbons on a series of steam-activated coconut charcoals were determined. The initial heats of adsorption were obtained in the usual way from the temperature dependence. It was found for all gases that both the initial slope of the isotherm and the initial heat of adsorption decreased with increasing degree of activation of the charcoal (i.e. with increasing surface area per g). This suggests that the higher affinity for the very small pores in less activated material more than counterbalances the lower total surface.Measurements at several different carrier gas flow rates of the relative band width for the charcoals of least and of greatest activation demonstrated, as might be expected, a greater resistance to mass transfer for the former. However, the apparent diffusion coefficients calculated on the assumption that all transport is by gas phase in the pores wer...
TL;DR: In this article, the infrared and Raman spectra of the naphthalene-α-d4 molecule have been obtained and the d0 molecule has also been repeated.
Abstract: The infrared and Raman spectra of the naphthalene-α-d4 molecule have been obtained. The spectra of the d0 molecule have also been repeated and for the most part previous measurements have been conf...
TL;DR: In this article, a spectral analysis of benzene derivatives is extended to substituted phenols, and the discussion emphasizes hydrogen bonding and steric effects which occur in phenols and some of the phenolic absorption properties.
Abstract: A spectral analysis of benzene derivatives is extended to substituted phenols. The discussion emphasizes hydrogen bonding and steric effects which occur in phenols. Some of the phenolic absorption ...
TL;DR: In this paper, the self-absorption of 4πβ counting sources prepared by a number of source preparation techniques has been measured for the negatron emitters Cs134 (86-kev branch).
Abstract: Using the 4πβ-γ coincidence method the self-absorption of 4πβ counting sources prepared by a number of source preparation techniques has been measured for the negatron emitters Cs134 (86-kev branch
TL;DR: In this article, the heats of wetting by water of cotton cellulose containing various amounts of adsorbed and desorbed water were measured together with those of the water vapor sorption.
Abstract: The heats of wetting by water of cotton cellulose containing various amounts of adsorbed and desorbed water were measured. These measurements together with those of the water vapor sorption isother...
TL;DR: The basicity of o-tolualdehyde was determined in an attempt to estimate the steric effects of ortho substitution as discussed by the authors, and the effects of symmetrical trisubstitution on the basicity was compared and discussed.
Abstract: The basicities of seven meta- and para-substituted benzaldehydes have been determined by a spectrophotometric method in sulphuric acid media. The simple Hammett relation does not hold for these bases but a good correlation exists between and σ+. The effects of substitution on the wavelengths of maximal ultraviolet absorption in benzaldehyde are compared with those in acetophenone.The basicity of o-tolualdehyde was determined in an attempt to estimate the steric effects of ortho substitution. The effects of symmetrical trisubstitution on the basicity of benzaldehyde and acetophenone are compared and discussed.
TL;DR: In this article, the self-diffusion of nickel and the diffusion of Ni63 into iron, cobalt, and two iron-nickel alloys were studied using the technique of decrease in surface activity.
Abstract: The self-diffusion of nickel and the diffusion of Ni63 into iron, cobalt, and two iron–nickel alloys was studied using the technique of decrease in surface activity, The nickel self-diffusion resul
TL;DR: In this paper, five-and six-membered cyclic cyclic phosphorous acid esters were synthesized by transesterification of phosphites with 1,2-and 1,3-glycols.
Abstract: Five- and six-membered cyclic phosphorous acid esters were synthesized by transesterification of phosphites with 1,2- and 1,3-glycols: Diethyl hydrogen phosphite was transesterified to give cyclic ...
TL;DR: The surface energy of tobermorite at 23.5 °C was determined in this article using the B.E.T. method, using water vapor at 25 °C as the adsorbate.
Abstract: The total surface energy (or surface enthalpy) of a calcium silicate hydrate, tobermorite, having the composition of Ca3Si2O7•2H2O, was determined at 23.5 °C. The tobermorite was obtained from the room-temperature hydration of tricalcium silicate, Ca3SiO5, or β-dicalcium silicate, β-Ca2SiO4, two of the most important constituents of portland cements. The hydration reactions were carried out in three different ways, and 14 preparations were obtained. For each preparation the heats of solution in a mixture of nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid were measured at 23.5 °C, and the surface areas were determined by the B.E.T. method, using water vapor at 25 °C as the adsorbate. The cross-sectional area of the adsorbed water molecule was taken to be 11.4 A2. The surface energy of tobermorite at 23.5 °C was found to be 386 ± 20 ergs/cm2. It is close to the geometric mean of the surface energies of calcium hydroxide and hydrous amorphous silica, previously reported.Nitrogen adsorption did not measure the true surface...
TL;DR: In this article, the fine structure of the NMR spectra of some five-membered heterocyclic ring compounds was investigated and it was shown that spin coupling constants between adjacent protons on the ring and...
Abstract: Interpretation of the fine structure of the NMR spectra of some five-membered "aromatic" heterocyclic ring compounds indicates that spin coupling constants between adjacent protons on the ring and ...
TL;DR: In this article, a theoretical treatment for the rates of electron transfer reactions in aqueous solution, with particular reference to the ferric-ferrous system, was developed. The reactions were considered to be to...
Abstract: A theoretical treatment has been developed for the rates of electron-transfer reactions in aqueous solution, with particular reference to the ferric–ferrous system. The reactions are considered to ...
TL;DR: An infrared study of the liquid complex of aluminum chloride with acetyl chloride has been performed in this paper, and the results indicate that the pure liquid complex is not a simple mixture, but consists of (1)
Abstract: An infrared study of the liquid complex of aluminum chloride with acetyl chloride has been undertaken. The results indicate that the pure liquid complex is not a simple mixture, but consists of (1)...
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that quantum mechanical tunneling of H atoms in certain reactions can have a rate comparable with that of the corresponding classical reaction, and that Proton tunneling appears to be the mechanism of proton tra...
Abstract: Quantum mechanical tunneling of H atoms in certain reactions can have a rate comparable with that of the corresponding classical reaction. Proton tunneling appears to be the mechanism of proton tra...
TL;DR: In this paper, the basicity of alkyl pyrroles is estimated from the variation of the OD stretching frequency of methanol-d in solution in the pyrroxes.
Abstract: The structures of the ions formed by several alkyl pyrroles in hydrochloric acid are deduced from proton resonance spectra. Basicity values for three alkyl pyrroles are determined from ultraviolet spectra of their salts in buffer solutions. An attempt is made to estimate the basicity of other pyrroles from the variation of the—OD stretching frequency of methanol-d in solution in the pyrroles. Variations of the free and bonded NH frequencies of alkyl pyrroles are shown to be a simple function of the positions and number of the substituents.
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated the decomposition of dithionite in alkaline aqueous solution and showed that it decomposes by a first order reaction with a rate constant of 4.5
Abstract: The decomposition of sodium dithionite has been investigated in alkaline aqueous solution. Under these conditions it decomposes by a first order reaction with a rate constant of 4.5 × 10−4 min−1 at...
TL;DR: periodate oxidation of the polysaccharide indicated the presence of more than one type of linkage in the polymer.
Abstract: λ-Carrageenin was subjected to partial acetolysis. Chromatography of the deacetylated products on charcoal led to the isolation of D-galactose, 3-O-α-D-galactopyranosyl-D-galactose (A), and a cryst...
TL;DR: When sap from tobacco, infected with potato X virus, was dialyzed against0.05 M and then against 0.005“�M sodium citrate, no aggregation of the virus was detected after ultracentrifugation.
Abstract: When sap from tobacco, infected with potato X virus, was dialyzed against 0.05 M and then against 0.005 M sodium citrate, no aggregation of the virus was detected after ultracentrifugation. Flow bi...