Showing papers in "Carbohydrate Polymers in 2009"

TL;DR: The introduction of azido functions in chitosan has provided photo-sensitive hydrogels for surgical use as coatings, scaffolds, drug carriers and implants capable to deliver cells and growth factors, which remain unmatched by other polysaccharides.

TL;DR: This review describes important aspects of carrageenans related to their industrial/therapeutic applications, physicochemical properties and structural analysis and indicates that these polysaccharides may offer some protection against HIV infection.

TL;DR: Genipin might replace glutaraldehyde with the advantages of stability and biocompatibility of the crosslinked products whose quality assessment and manipulation would be easier.

TL;DR: In this paper, the structural and conformational characterization of bioactive polysaccharides isolated from natural sources is reviewed, where the chemical structures were analyzed by FTIR, liquid-state NMR (one and two dimensions), solid-sate NMR, Raman spectroscopy, gas chromatography (GC), GC-Mass (GC-MS), and high-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC).

TL;DR: In this paper, the impact of annealing and heat-moisture treatment (HMT) on corn, pea, and lentil starches in their native and gelatinized states were determined.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors extracted chitin in the α and the β forms from different marine crustacean from the Arabian Gulf, and the contents of the various exoskeletons have been analyzed and the percent of the inorganic salt (including the various elements present), protein and the chitins was determined.

TL;DR: It was found that antibacterial activity was directly proportional to zeta potential, especially for chitosan nanoparticles loaded Cu2+, the MIC and MBC against E. coli 25922, S. choleraesuis ATCC 50020 and S. aureus 25923 were 21–42 times lower than that of Cu2+ respectively.

TL;DR: Crab chitosan was prepared by alkaline N -deacetylation of crab chitin for 60, 90 and 120 min and the yields were 30.0-32.2% with that of chitosa C120 being the highest as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, a kind of cellulose whiskers were extracted from the branch-barks of mulberry (Morus alba L.) by an alkali treatment at 130°C and subsequently a sulfuric acid hydrolysis.

TL;DR: In this paper, the development and characterization of novel polymer blends based on chitosan and polyvinyl alcohol and chemically crosslinked by glutaraldehyde for possible use in a variety of biomedical applications is reported.

TL;DR: In this paper, the problem of chitosan high viscosity, which limits its spinability, is resolved through the application of an alkali treatment which hydrolyzes chitosa chains and so decreases their molecular weight.

TL;DR: In this article, four different alkaline treatments for isolation of cellulose microfibrils from vascular bundles of banana rachis were comparatively studied, and the results indicated that cellulose Iβ was converted to cellulose II.

TL;DR: In this article, cellulose cassava bagasse nanofibrils (CBNs) were used as reinforcing nanoparticles in a thermoplastic cassava starch matrix plasticized using either glycerol or a mixture of glycerols/sorbitol (1:1) as plasticizer.

TL;DR: Oyster mushrooms are interesting as a source of biologically active glucans and potential prebiotic activity of extracts L1 and L2 was testing using nine probiotic strains of Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium and Enterococcus, which showed different growth characteristics dependently on used extract and strain specificity due to the presence of structurally diverse compounds.

TL;DR: In this article, a series of pea hull fiber-derived nanowhisker (PHFNW-t) dispersions was prepared by hydrolyzing PEA hull fibres for different times (t) with sulfuric acid, and then blended with pea starch (PS) to fabricate bionanocomposite films.

TL;DR: The nanoparticles of CS and its water-soluble derivatives such as O-carboxymethyl chitosan (O-CMC) and N,O-carboxesan (N,O)-CMC were synthesized and characterized and cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of the prepared nanoparticles was also evaluated for biomedical applications.

TL;DR: In this paper, a semi interpenetrating hydrogel networks (SIHNs) based on cross-linked poly (acrylamide) prepared through an optimized rapid redox-solution polymerization with N, N ′-methylenebisacrylide (MBA) in presence of three different carbohydrate polymers, namely gum acacia (GA), carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and starch (SR).

TL;DR: In this article, the authors evaluated the influence of the plasticizer (glycerol) concentration (1-15% w/v) in this finishing reticulation step on final films characteristics, which indicated that the extent of simultaneous Ca2+ crosslinking and plasticization with glycerol was determined by the level of structural organization obtained in the pre-reticulation.

TL;DR: Bacterial cellulose production from various fruit juices including orange, pineapple, apple, Japanese pear and grape were investigated, and the possibility of producing bacterial cellulose from those juices was suggested.

TL;DR: In this article, four cellulose dissolution agents, NaOH/Urea solution, N-methylmorpholine-Noxide (NMMO), ionic liquid (1-butyl-3methylimidazolium chloride; [BMIM]Cl) and 85% phosphoric acid were employed to dissolve cotton cellulose.

TL;DR: A series of pH-sensitive composite hydrogel beads composed of chitosan-g -poly (acrylic acid)/attapulgite/sodium alginate (CTS- g -PAA/APT/SA) was prepared as drug delivery matrices crosslinked by Ca 2+ owing to the ionic gelation of SA as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this paper, Diethylenetriamine-bacterial cellulose (EABC) was synthesized by amination with diethylENetriamines on bacterial cellulose.

TL;DR: In this paper, the same authors reported that the treated curaua fibres also showed an increase of surface roughness, but no other significant changes were observed after the treatments except for moisture content and mechanical properties.

TL;DR: Results indicate that the nanofibrous CMC/PVA scaffold supports cell adhesion/attachment and proliferation and hence this scaffold will be a promising candidate for tissue engineering applications.

TL;DR: In this article, a compatibilizer with anhydride functional groups was used to improve the interfacial affinity between TPS and the synthetic polyesters, which greatly increased the mechanical properties of the blends.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors described the preparation of new chelating materials derived from cellulose and sugarcane bagasse for adsorption of Cu 2+,C d 2+ and Pb 2+ ions from aqueous solutions.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of chitosan application on the dyeing properties of wool fabrics was studied by measuring the K/S values of the treated substrates at various concentrations of chITosan and the dye.

TL;DR: In this article, the antioxidant properties of crude Hyriopsis cumingii polysaccharides (HCPS) were evaluated both in vitro and in vivo and the results suggested that HCPS had direct and potent antioxidant activities.

TL;DR: Wang et al. as mentioned in this paper elaborated and tested composite films made of agar and potato starch for a potential use as food packaging, and showed that the addition of 5% agar increased the elongation (E) from 32.5% to 58.33%.

TL;DR: Water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from the roots of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer were completely fractionated into two neutral fractions and six acidic fractions by a combination of ethanol precipitation, ion-exchange and gel permeation chromatographies as discussed by the authors.