Showing papers in "Carbohydrate Research in 2009"

TL;DR: The identification of glycosyltransferases involved in pectin synthesis is essential to the study of cell wall function in plant growth and development and for maximizing the value and use of plant polysaccharides in industry and human health.

TL;DR: Silver-impregnated chitosan films with silver showed both fast and long-lasting antibacterial effectiveness against Escherichia coli.

TL;DR: Three novel rat monoclonal antibodies, designated LM18, LM19 and LM20, were isolated from screens for binding to Arabidopsis thaliana seed coat mucilage and indicated their recognition of pectic homogalacturonan epitopes.

TL;DR: Addition of dihydroxyacetone to clover honey followed by incubation resulted in methylglyoxal levels similar to those found in manuka honey, which was freshly produced by bees, and storage of these honeys at 37 degrees C led to a decrease in the dihydroxacetone content and a related increase in methyl glyoxal.

TL;DR: The anti-adhesive properties of MCP as well as its potential for increasing apoptotic responses of tumor cells to chemotherapy by inhibiting galectin-3 anti-apoptotic function are discussed in the light of a potential use of this carbohydrate-based substance in the treatment of multiple human malignancies.

TL;DR: This review will focus on the function of Fut8 and N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III, which directly modify the N-glycan core, and it is suggested that these two glycosyltransferases are involved in the conformation and thefunction of the modified proteins including cell-surface receptors and adhesion molecules.

TL;DR: Solid acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of cellulose in ionic liquid was greatly promoted by microwave heating and H-form zeolites with a lower Si/Al molar ratio and a larger surface area showed a relatively higher catalytic activity.

TL;DR: This research showed that all xylans from selected agricultural wastes generated XOs with similar profiles, and these oligosaccharides could be used as functional food ingredients or soluble substrates for xylanases.

TL;DR: The purified polysaccharide was demonstrated to have strong reductive power, moderate scavenging activities against DPPH radicals and superoxide radicals, and moderate inhibiting power for self-oxidation of 1,2,3-phentriol.

TL;DR: A structural characterisation of all major cell wall polysaccharides originating from okra pods is presented, indicating that the HBSS and CHSS fractions contain rhamnogalacturonan type I next to homogalACTuronan, while the latter is more prevailing in CHSS.

TL;DR: Accurate expressions relating CHN composition, conductometric titration, and degree of deacetylation, in conjunction with their associated errors, were developed and reported in this note.

TL;DR: Studies on the HCl-catalysed microwave-assisted dehydration of highly concentrated aqueous fructose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural revealed a significant increase in the fructose conversion rate over the conventional heated systems.

TL;DR: 17 derivatives of chitosan consisting of a variety of N-aryl substituents bearing either electron-donating or electron-withdrawing groups are synthesized and it is found that derivatives with higher ES exhibited reduced antibacterial activity due to low quaternary ammonium moiety content.

TL;DR: The results confirmed that amino groups on chitosan reacted with citral to form the Schiff base, and it was found that the antimicrobial activity of the Schiffbase was stronger than that of chitOSan.

TL;DR: Low Mr chitosans (CT1-CT3) may be absorbed well from the gastrointestinal tract and inhibit neutrophil activation and oxidation of serum albumin that is frequently observed in patients plasma undergoing hemodialysis, resulting in a reduction in oxidative stress associated with uremia.

TL;DR: The report summarizes recent advances in Glycosides of 2-deoxy-sugars, monosaccharides in which the hydroxyl group at C-2 is replaced with a hydrogen atom, with a particular focus on work published since an earlier review on the topic in 2000.

TL;DR: The structure of galactoxylomannan, a capsular polysaccharide from the opportunistic yeast Cryptococcus neoformans, was re-examined by NMR spectroscopy and GC-MS and a revised structure for this polymer is presented, along with a proposal that this compound be termed glucuronoxylmannogalactan (GXMGal).

TL;DR: Results demonstrate that okra contained RG I structures which have not been reported before for pectic RG I, and point to a much higher homogalacturonan (HG) ratio for CHSS when compared to HBSS.

TL;DR: Results suggest that cello oligosaccharides having an average DP of nine are synthesized in vitro by CDP when glucose is used as an acceptor, and the product forms highly crystalline cellulose II when it precipitates.

TL;DR: The results revealed that increasing HTCC content in the blends decreases the average fibre diameter and microbiological assessment showed that the PVA-HTCC mats have a good antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus, and Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli.

TL;DR: New amphiphilic derivatives of sodium alginate were prepared by covalent attachment of dodecylamine onto the polysaccharide via amide linkages at different substitution ratios, using 2-chloro-1-methylpyridinium iodide (CMPI) as coupling reagent to limit the progressive loss of associative behaviour.

TL;DR: Results suggest that the van der Waals-associated molecular sheet becomes stable in an aqueous environment with its hydrophobic inside and hydrophilic periphery and is expected to be the initial structure of the cellulose crystal formed in benzene.

TL;DR: It was concluded that the newer parameterizations for force fields (GROMOS, GLYCAM06, OPLS-2005 and CSFF) give results that are reasonably similar to each other, whereas the older parameterization for Amber, CHARMM or OPLs were more divergent.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the degree of substitution (DS) of the samples depends on the reaction conditions and reaction media.

TL;DR: The sulfated glucan fractions exhibited in vitro antiproliferative activities against sarcoma 180 (S-180) cells, and their inhibition ratios were lower than that of the triple-helix lentinan, but higher than that for the one with single random-coil lent inan chains.

TL;DR: A fucoidan, a heterogeneous sulfated polysaccharide from the brown alga Fucus evanescens, was depolymerized under solvolytic conditions, and its ethanol-extracted low-molecular-weight fraction was analyzed by MALDI-TOFMS and ESIMS/MS.

TL;DR: A cell viability study suggested that the nanoparticles had good biocompatibility and in vitro release showed that these nanoparticles provided an initial burst release, followed by a slowly sustained release for more than 24 h.

TL;DR: It was found that the hexamer had no toxic effect on normal ECV304 cells, but could inhibit the proliferation and migration of tumor-induced ECV 304 cells in a dose-dependent manner.

TL;DR: The distribution of branched molecules in the two populations of dextrins suggested that the nanocrystals possessed a regular and principally homogeneous molecular structure.

TL;DR: A systematic analysis of the performance of the GROMOS96 43a1 force field and Löwdin HF/6-31G( * *)-derived atomic charges in the conformational description of glycoproteins substantiates the accuracy of the computational representation of Glycoprotein conformational ensembles in aqueous solution.