Showing papers in "Carbon in 2001"

TL;DR: In this article, different types of capacitors with a pure electrostatic attraction and/or pseudocapacitance effects are presented, and their performance in various electrolytes is studied taking into account the different range of operating voltage (1V for aqueous and 3 V for aprotic solutions).

TL;DR: In this article, the theoretical external specific surface area of single and multi-walled carbon nanotubes and of carbon-nanotube bundles is calculated as a function of their characteristics.

TL;DR: Carbon materials for electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding are reviewed in this article, including composite materials, colloidal graphite and flexible graphite, and they include carbon filaments of submicron diameter.

TL;DR: In this paper, the experimental techniques which have been used to study the gasification of soot are described and the methods and results obtained by analysis of the data from them are considered.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of different preparation variables on the final porous texture is discussed, such as KOH/anthracite ratio, heating rate, carbonization temperature and carbonization time.

TL;DR: Hard carbon with perfect spherical morphology was prepared for the first time by a hydrothermal method as discussed by the authors, which has controllable monodispersed particle size and a smooth surface.

TL;DR: In this article, submicron vapor grown carbon fibers (VGCFs) obtained by a floating growth method were evaluated in terms of their microstructural development with heat treatment temperature (HTT), physical properties of a single fiber and of the bulk state, and additional effects, such as the filler in the electrode of a lead-acid battery and a Li-ion battery system.

TL;DR: In this paper, theoretical predictions and experimental results on the hydrogen uptake of carbon nanotubes and nanofibers are summarized, and they point out that, in order to accelerate the development of carbon Nanotubes as a practical hydrogen storage medium in fuel cell-driven vehicles, many efforts have to be made to reproduce and verify the results both theoretically and experimentally, and to investigate their volumetric capacity, cycling characteristics and release behavior.

TL;DR: In this paper, a technique is presented to obtain the maximum structural information on carbonaceous materials from their X-ray scattering curves in the middle and high range of scattering angle, which is based on qualitative observations, in which only two types of carbon structures including crystalline carbon and amorphous carbon are considered, is suggested.

TL;DR: In this article, the work function of carbon nanotubes is shown to be 0.1 − 0.2 eV larger than that of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG).

TL;DR: In this paper, pitch-based activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were modified with nitric acid and sodium hydroxide, resulting in an improved ion-exchange capacity of the ACFs.

TL;DR: In this article, a series of activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were produced by treatment with ammonia to yield a basic surface and the micropore sizes of these chemically modified fibers were determined with nitrogen adsorption experiments and they were shown to increase with increasing activation time and temperature.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of graphitization on the structural perfection of multi-walled carbon nanotubes were investigated and the results showed that the graphitisation procedure was able to remove residual metal catalyst in the nanotube and reduce the wall defects as reflected in reduced interlayer spacing between the graphene shells.

TL;DR: In this paper, single wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) materials subjected to various chemical treatments including regular, published, acidic purification treatments, were investigated by high resolution transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors studied the hydrogen sorption of nine different carbon materials at pressures up to 11 MPa (1600 psi) and temperatures from −80 to +500°C.

TL;DR: In this paper, the pore structure of three activated carbons and determine the temperature dependence of the adsorption of VOCs onto activated carbon was investigated and three kinds of activated carbon made of different raw materials and four VOC species were chosen.

TL;DR: In this article, an improved ZnCl 2 -chemical activation method was proposed to produce highly porous activated carbons from lignocellulosic materials, such as coconut shells and palm seeds.

TL;DR: In this article, an experimental design was drawn up to optimize the experimental conditions of the preparation of activated carbon from olive-waste cakes, where a series of activated carbons have been prepared by physical activation with steam.

TL;DR: In this article, the pore structure and surface chemistry of the adsorbent materials obtained were characterized using nitrogen adsorption, thermal analysis, potentiometric titration and FTIR.

TL;DR: Double walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) were obtained by the arc discharge technique in an atmosphere of Ar and H 2 mixture (1:1/v:v) at 350 Torr as discussed by the authors.

TL;DR: In this article, the electrical conductivity of thermal and conductive carbon blacks with different chemistry was determined by impedance spectroscopy, and the conductivity correlated best with the polyaromatic character of the carbon black surface characterised by the static SIMS spectra.

TL;DR: In this article, a simple quantification method based on the standard Temperature Programmed Oxidation (TPO) technique has been used to determine the distribution of the different forms of carbonaceous deposits present on the catalysts after the CO decomposition reaction.

TL;DR: In this paper, two commercial activated carbons were used as catalyst supports in Pt/AC catalysts and the types and abundance of the oxygen bearing surface groups on each of the activated carbon supports were determined from the deconvolution of the TPD profiles of the activations.

TL;DR: In this paper, two types of glassy carbon electrodes of two types were examined, one thermally treated at 1000°C (sample K) and another thermally treating at 2500° (sample G), and it was noticed that both types of electrodes exhibited an increase in the double layer charge upon increasing the pH value of the solution.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Dubinin-Radushkevich (DR) equation is used to describe adsorption in microporous materials, especially those of a carbonaceous origin.

TL;DR: In this article, carbonized chars prepared from polyacrylonitrile, polyethyleneterephthalate and cellulose were activated in a steam/nitrogen flow to ca. 50% burn-off (b.o.).

TL;DR: In this paper, the dynamic adsorption capacity for vapor phase elemental mercury (Hg0) of commercially available granular activated carbon (BPL) impregnated with copper chloride, β-aminoanthraquinone, 2-(aminomethyl)pyridine, and 2-(aminoethanethiol), was studied in an attempt to produce economical and effective sorbents for controlling elemental mercury emissions from combustion processes.

TL;DR: In this paper, the relative contributions of the catalyst electronic structure and support chemical composition are evaluated with Cu, Fe and Ni as catalysts and Al2O3, CaO, SiO2 and TiO2 as support media.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors showed that the desorption energy barrier of a C-O pair from the nanotube edge is 2.48 eV, higher than 0.3∼2.1 eV from an amorphous carbon, confirming the current approach of purification by the selective oxidation.