Showing papers in "Cartographic Journal in 1973"
TL;DR: This paper found that the quantitative message inherent in a progression of darkness and saturation is far more potent than the warm and cool association known to reside in red and blue hues, even for map themes which may be linked qualitatively to certain hues.
Abstract: Students' reactions to three, coloured, test maps portraying temperature regions provide information vital to design of such maps for atlases and textbooks. A map using progressively lighter shades of red was most effective in conveying the concept of areas of greater and lesser temperatures to most students. A map similarly shaded in only blue colours was almost as effective, despite the supposed association of blue with coolness. The third map, using shades of both red and blue was least effective. These preliminary results demonstrate that the quantitative message inherent in a progression of darkness and saturation is far more potent than the warm and cool association known to reside in red and blue hues. Design of maps according to a general and quantitative approach is indicated, even for map themes which may be linked qualitatively to certain hues.
34 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the average map reader's perception of the relative magnitude of the symbols designed for small scale thematic maps was analyzed and two hypotheses were tested: 1) that the relative size (area) differences of graduated squares are judged on the basis of area, rather than on a linear dimension; and 2) the relative magnitudes are estimated accurately.
Abstract: This study is an analysis of the average map reader's perception of the relative magnitude of graduated square symbols designed for small scale thematic maps. Two hypotheses are tested. First, that the relative size (area) differences of graduated squares are judged on the basis of area, rather than on the basis of a linear dimension. Second, that the relative magnitudes are estimated accurately. The results of the research positively support the above assumptions.
24 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the history of the survey from inception to completion is traced by using existing information in order to trace the history from the inception to the completion of the publication of this survey.
Abstract: This paper draws attention to a survey operation which has received little acknowledgement since 1870. The numerous references to the survey published in the two decades succeeding its completion are fragmentary and contradictory in nature. They fail to treat the subject as a whole, omitting to place it in the military context. Hitherto unexamined material is used to augment existing information in order to trace the history of the survey from inception to completion.This paper was read in a shorter form to the Annual Technical Symposium of the Society in September 1972, at the University of Cambridge.
9 citations
TL;DR: Research indicated that proportional “wind-rose” symbols seemed to be the best compromise solution for representation of geochemical element distributions, and test maps using “Wind-rose" symbols produced at varying scales and with different backgrounds by automated means.
Abstract: A joint experiment is described in which possible methods of representation of geochemical element distributions were examined. Data, consisting of sampling site locations and the concentrations of some thirty elements in active stream sediments in part of Northern Ireland, were written on to magnetic tape in the proposed standard exchange format before being transferred from the AGRG to the EGU. Research indicated that proportional “wind-rose” symbols seemed to be the best compromise solution. Test maps using “wind-rose” symbols produced at varying scales and with different backgrounds by automated means. Evaluation tests were then devised and geochemists and cartographers used as test subjects. The results of these tests were low levels of accuracy in counting and estimating values; in addition, the effects of varying the cartographic parameters, such as map scale, were minimal. Reasons for this are discussed in the text.
9 citations
TL;DR: In this article, four map formats, differing in chromaticity and extent of base, are compared for readability in an urban planning context, and the composition of the sampies was based on seven biographical variables by analysis of covariance.
Abstract: Four map formats, differing in chromaticity and extent of base are compared for readability in an urban planning context. To test readability a repertory grid procedure and derived measures were used. The composition of the sampies was based on seven biographical variables by analysis of covariance. Hypotheses with respect to the effect on readab?lity of map colour, but not of amount of base, were supported.
8 citations
TL;DR: The authors discuss the application of some recent ideas in cartographic communication to the compilation of a new city plan of Edinburgh from a cartographic viewpoint.
Abstract: The authors discuss the application of some recent ideas in cartographic communication to the compilation of a new city plan of Edinburgh. The one factor which seems to link the cartographer to the map user is that of 'awareness' and this paper studies the problems faced in the production of this map from this viewpoint. This paper was read at the Society's Annual Technical Symposium held at the University of Cambridge in September 1972.
7 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the results of a market survey conducted in 1970 were presented at the Society's Annual Technical Symposium held at Cambridge University in September 1972 and discussed map ownership and usage and some conclusions were drawn as to possible future trends.
Abstract: This paper, presented at the Society's Annual Technical Symposium held at Cambridge University in September 1972, summarises the results of a market survey conducted in 1970. Map ownership and usage are discussed and some conclusions are drawn as to possible future trends.
5 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe two methods whereby the three-dimensional information relating to the forms and functions of buildings in the city can be presented cartographically, and the advantages and disadvantages of these two methods are discussed and the significance of these methods to urban geographers and town planners is examined.
Abstract: This paper describes two methods whereby the three-dimensional information relating to the forms and functions of buildings in the city can be presented cartographically. The first method involves the use of the parallel perspective projection produced by coupling a photogrammetric plotter with the Perspektomat P-40 for the construction of three dimensional urban maps directly from aerial photographs. The second method involves the mapping of land use for each floor of the building on separate, stable transparent plastic sheets by means of pre-printed stick-on geometric patterns. By overlapping one sheet on top of the other, a superimposed pattern map of urban land use is produced. The advantages and disadvantages of these two methods are discussed and the significance of these methods to urban geographers and town planners is examined.
2 citations
TL;DR: GINO consists of a library of sub-routines which enable the user to generate displays on a wide range of hardware which illustrates some of the possibilities of the system in the field of digital mapping.
Abstract: One of the main features of much of the work on automated cartography to date is the dependence of much of the software on the available hardware. GINO consists of a library of sub-routines which enable the user to generate displays on a wide range of hardware. This paper illustrates some of the possibilities of the system in the field of digital mapping.
2 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors describe a survey carried out by Joel Gascoyne in an area outside his usual sphere of operations, and describe the sequence of events leading up to Gascoylene's appointment as surveyor, followed by a description of the survey methods employed and an assessment of their accuracies.
Abstract: This paper describes a survey carried out by Joel Gascoyne in an area outside his usual sphere of operations. The sequence of events leading up to Gascoyne's appointment as surveyor are briefly discussed, followed by a description of the survey methods employed and an assessment of their accurcy.
2 citations
TL;DR: The conformal projection of the sphere upon a regular tetrahedron is described in this paper, with a full mathematical theory and a technique for computation, and some practical applications of the projection for continental groupings are suggested.
Abstract: The conformal projection of the sphere upon a regular tetrahedron is described, with a full mathematical theory and a technique for computation. Some practical applications of the projection for continental groupings are suggested.
TL;DR: This paper looks at the two main problems faced by the map analyst, namely the availability of source material and an assessment of its reliability, as well as some of the many problems encountered.
Abstract: This paper, presented at the Society's Annual Technical Symposium, held at Cambridge in September 1972 looks at the two main problems faced by the map analyst, namely the availability of source material and an assessment of its reliability. Examples of some of the many problems encountered are given.
TL;DR: The Cartographic Journal: Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 6-8 as mentioned in this paper The Cartographic Association IV General Assembly, Ottawa 1972 Presidential Address, Ottawa, Canada.
Abstract: (1973). International Cartographic Association IV General Assembly, Ottawa 1972 Presidential Address. The Cartographic Journal: Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 6-8.
TL;DR: In this paper, the efficiency and economics of successive editions of the conventional printed map for this purpose are questioned and it is suggested that, given a system of continuous revision, computer compatible numerical mapping systems, together with microfilming techniques will provide a better and more economic service.
Abstract: With the rapid urban development of recent years there has arisen a need for a more rapid dissemination of survey information. The efficiency and economics of successive editions of the conventional printed map for this purpose is questioned and it is suggested that, given a system of continuous revision, computer compatible numerical mapping systems, together with microfilming techniques will provide a better and more economic service.