Showing papers in "Cataloging & Classification Quarterly in 2014"
TL;DR: The authors challenge gender as a descriptive attribute for personal names, critique how LC is instructing NACO catalogers to record elements about gender, and make recommendations to address describing persons in LC authority records.
Abstract: The Library of Congress (LC) and the Program for Cooperative Cataloging (PCC) interpretation of Resource Description and Access (RDA) 9.7 regarding gender when identifying persons reinforces regressive conceptions of gender identity. The rule instructs catalogers to record gender when identifying persons, and although RDA gives catalogers the flexibility to record more than two gender labels, LC limits Name Authority Cooperative Program (NACO) catalogers to a binary label: male, female, or not known. In this article, the authors challenge gender as a descriptive attribute for personal names, critique how LC is instructing NACO catalogers to record elements about gender, and make recommendations to address describing persons in LC authority records.
41 citations
TL;DR: The recent literature is analyzed to identify new and continuing themes related to IO education, and an overview of the curricula of the 58 library and information science graduate programs in the United States and Canada accredited by the ALA is provided.
Abstract: Discussions of cataloging and metadata education are popular in social media outlets, scholarly literature, conference meetings, and so on. This article, the third installment of a longitudinal study on the state of information organization (IO) education, analyzes the recent literature to identify new and continuing themes related to IO education. It provides an overview of the curricula of the 58 library and information science graduate programs in the United States and Canada accredited by the American Library Association (ALA). It examines the current conditions in 2012–2013 and compares them to data from earlier studies. It provides an overview of the types of IO courses available, program requirements, the number of schools offering IO courses, and the number of schools teaching those courses.
26 citations
TL;DR: What skills cataloger librarians will need in the future and how libraries are providing training for that future are explored.
Abstract: This article details the results of a 2011 study of cataloger librarians’ changing roles and responsibilities at academic Association of Research Libraries. The study participants, cataloging department heads, report that cataloger librarian roles are expanding to include cataloging more electronic resources and local hidden collections in addition to print materials. They are also creating non-MARC metadata. The increased usage of vendor products and services is also affecting the roles of cataloger librarians at some institutions. The article explores what skills cataloger librarians will need in the future and how libraries are providing training for that future.
17 citations
TL;DR: The management of a Resource Description and Access implementation process by an academic library that was an early adopter of RDA is described to help cataloging/technical services/metadata managers understand the scope of the process and the impact it will have on their libraries.
Abstract: This article describes in detail the management of a Resource Description and Access (RDA) implementation process by an academic library that was an early adopter of RDA. It identifies the necessary decisions to be made and discusses the rationale behind these decisions during the implementation process. This information can benefit other libraries with managing their local RDA implementations. The authors examine the business case behind implementation from various perspectives such as administrative support, training, documentation, establishment of local procedures and costs. It aims to help cataloging/technical services/metadata managers understand the scope of the process and the impact it will have on their libraries.
16 citations
TL;DR: A comparison of the BISAC cases to the previous cases of reader-interest classifications is taken in order to determine if the current application of BISac to libraries is susceptible to the same problems, dangers, and ends as occurred in the past.
Abstract: In the recent years, several libraries in the United States have been experimenting with Book Industry Standards and Communications (BISAC), the classification system of the book industry, as an alternative to the Dewey Decimal Classification Although rarely discussed, these cases of implementation of BISAC arguably resemble other past cases of replacement of traditional classifications that received the name of reader-interest classifications In this article, a comparison of the BISAC cases to the previous cases of reader-interest classifications is taken in order to determine if the current application of BISAC to libraries is susceptible to the same problems, dangers, and ends as occurred in the past
16 citations
TL;DR: This article examined the contribution of social discovery platforms and user-generated content (UGC) on readers' advisory (RA) services in Canadian public libraries and found that UGC complements the MARC bibliographic record as it provides insight into the subject of a work, its protagonists, and the effect the book has on readers.
Abstract: This article examines the contribution of social discovery platforms and user-generated content (UGC) on readers’ advisory (RA) services in Canadian public libraries. Grounded Theory was used to conduct a content analysis of library-assigned subject headings and UGC of 22 adult fiction titles in 43 Canadian public libraries that use BiblioCommons, SirsiDynix, and Encore social discovery platforms. Findings indicate that UGC complements the MARC bibliographic record as it provides insight into the subject of a work, its protagonists, and the effect the book has on readers. User-generated reviews provide a rich data set that clearly connects to known RA access points.
15 citations
TL;DR: Christ Christensen's disruptive technologies theory provides a framework for evaluating linked data and thinking about future uses of library technology, and linked data is not yet poised to emerge as a disruptive innovation.
Abstract: Libraries are looking for a better way to encode and share their data. Christensen's disruptive technologies theory provides a framework for evaluating linked data and thinking about future uses of library technology. Because of its lack of use and technical weaknesses, linked data is not yet poised to emerge as a disruptive innovation. It has the potential, however, to become disruptive and should be explored first in spin-offs that supplement library data or provide access to other electronic content. Library systems under development should focus on remaining nimble and open to unforeseen future technologies and uses.
13 citations
TL;DR: This paper investigated the information seeking behavior of nine scholars in the field of disability studies, focusing on how they interact with subject headings and found that disability studies scholars often encounter and use non-preferred language when doing research and that they respond to this language in a variety of ways.
Abstract: Although several scholars of information organization have documented limitations in the way subject access standards represent marginalized topics, few have studied how users understand and address these limitations. This qualitative study investigates the information seeking behavior of nine scholars in the field of disability studies, focusing on how they interact with subject headings. The findings suggest that disability studies scholars often encounter and use non-preferred language when doing research and that they respond to this language in a variety of ways. The study also found that many participants prefer multidisciplinary search tools to subject-specific databases.
12 citations
TL;DR: A survey gathering information on six types of information sources regarding their importance to filling professional development needs, the reliability of the information disseminated, and their usefulness for obtaining specific type of information is reported.
Abstract: Many professional development information sources are available to catalogers, who may be constrained by limited time and money to devote to them This article reports the results of a survey gathering information on six types of information sources: journal articles, conferences, electronic discussion lists, blogs, microblogs, and social networking sites Catalogers rated these resources regarding their importance to filling professional development needs, the reliability of the information disseminated, and their usefulness for obtaining specific types of information The results should help catalogers and their administrators decide where to focus their attention both as consumers and disseminators of continuing education information
11 citations
TL;DR: The data management and related literatures are analyzed to develop a data identifier taxonomy that includes four categories (domain, entity types, activities, and quality dimensions).
Abstract: As the amount of research data management is growing, the use of identity metadata for discovering, linking, and citing research data is growing too. To support the awareness of different identifier systems and the comparison and selection of an identifier for a particular data management environment, there is need for a knowledge base. This article contributes to that goal and analyzes the data management and related literatures to develop a data identifier taxonomy. The taxonomy includes four categories (domain, entity types, activities, and quality dimensions). In addition, the article describes 14 identifiers referenced in the literature and analyzes them along the taxonomy.
11 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on training techniques integrated with ongoing coaching and mentoring strategies to promote a positive work environment and motivated, successful student employees, which can be a positive experience when evidence-based training techniques and effective coaching/mentoring strategies are utilized.
Abstract: Librarians in higher education who work in technical services must frequently rely on student employees to accomplish tasks previously assigned to professional staff. Hiring, training, managing, and mentoring student workers for the performance of high-level library functions can prove challenging. However, working side-by-side with student employees can be a positive experience when evidence-based training techniques and effective coaching and mentoring strategies are utilized. This article focuses on training techniques integrated with ongoing coaching and mentoring strategies to promote a positive work environment and motivated, successful student employees.
TL;DR: The article will describe all relevant aspects of the transition to Resource Description and Access (RDA) within the German-speaking library community.
Abstract: The discussion on the internationalization of German library standards has a long tradition, and revived around the millennium change with the recognition that the standards used so far were no longer suitable for the current needs. Therefore, the Committee for Library Standards, a consortium consisting mainly of German regional library networks and large academic libraries, with Austrian and Swiss representatives, agreed on the changeover. The article will describe all relevant aspects of the transition to Resource Description and Access (RDA) within the German-speaking library community.
TL;DR: The representation of bibliographic data as linked data is discussed, distinguishing the description of a resource from the iconic/objective and the informational/subjective viewpoints.
Abstract: This article explores the question “What is an International Standard for Bibliographic Description (ISBD) resource in the context of the Semantic Web, and what is the relationship of its description to the linked data?” This question is discussed against the background of the dichotomy between the description and access using the Semantic Web differentiation of the three logical layers: real-world objects, web of data, and special purpose (bibliographic) data. The representation of bibliographic data as linked data is discussed, distinguishing the description of a resource from the iconic/objective and the informational/subjective viewpoints. In the conclusion, the authors give views on possible directions of future development of the ISBD.
TL;DR: The National Library of Australia was among national libraries who implemented Resource Description and Access (RDA) in early 2013 as discussed by the authors, and RMIT University in Melbourne chose to implement with the National Library, despite an upcoming migration from a Voyager Integrated Library Management System (ILMS) to Alma library services platform.
Abstract: The National Library of Australia was among national libraries who implemented Resource Description and Access (RDA) in early 2013. RMIT University in Melbourne chose to implement with the National Library, despite an upcoming migration from a Voyager Integrated Library Management System (ILMS) to Alma library services platform. This article describes the experience of RMIT in implementing RDA while also investing resources in a systems change. It addresses staff training, policy development, and processes to automate the conversion of Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition (AACR2) records. It includes lessons learned as advice to institutions who have yet to implement RDA.
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TL;DR: The current status of RDA studies in China is introduced including achievements of Rda research in recent years and China's attitudes toward RDA's implementation.
Abstract: With its brand-new structure and stated advantages, Resource Description and Access (RDA) is intended to be the new international standard of cataloging in the digital world. The Chinese library community has been devoted to analyzing RDA and discussing its implementation. This article introduces the current status of RDA studies in China including achievements of RDA research in recent years and China's attitudes toward RDA's implementation. This article also analyzes challenges for RDA's launch in China and provides suggestions for its localization in China.
OCLC1
TL;DR: A retrieval prototype, searchFAST, was developed to test the feasibility of using an authority file as an index to bibliographic records, and uses Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST) as anIndex to OCLC's WorldCat.org bibliographical database.
Abstract: Authority files have played an important role in improving the quality of indexing and subject cataloging. Although authorities can significantly improve searching by increasing the number of access points, they are rarely an integral part of the information retrieval process, particularly end-users’ searches. A retrieval prototype, searchFAST, was developed to test the feasibility of using an authority file as an index to bibliographic records. searchFAST uses Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST) as an index to OCLC's WorldCat.org bibliographic database. The searchFAST prototype complements, rather than replaces, existing WorldCat.org access. The bibliographic file is searched indirectly; first the authority file is searched to identify appropriate subject headings, then the headings are used to retrieve the matching bibliographic records. The prototype demonstrates the effectiveness and practicality of using an authority file as an index. Searching the authority file leverages authority con...
TL;DR: Progress made toward implementing Resource Description and Access in libraries across Canada, as of Fall 2013 is described and challenges in RDA training delivery in a Canadian context are identified.
Abstract: This article describes the progress made toward implementing Resource Description and Access (RDA) in libraries across Canada, as of Fall 2013. Differences in the training experiences in the English-speaking cataloging communities and French-speaking cataloging communities are discussed. Preliminary results of a survey of implementation in English-Canadian libraries are included as well as a summary of the support provided for French-Canadian libraries. Data analysis includes an examination of the rate of adoption in Canada by region and by sector. Challenges in RDA training delivery in a Canadian context are identified, as well as opportunities for improvement and expansion of RDA training in the future.
TL;DR: The study presented in this article compares free-text and controlled-vocabulary collection-level subject metadata in three large-scale cultural heritage digital libraries in the United States and the European Union to reveal the emerging best practices for creating rich collection- level subject metadata.
Abstract: Provision of high-quality subject metadata is crucial for organizing adequate subject access to rich content aggregated by digital libraries. A number of large-scale digital libraries worldwide are now generating subject metadata to describe not only individual objects but entire digital collections as an integral whole. However, little research to date has been conducted to empirically evaluate the quality of this collection-level subject metadata. The study presented in this article compares free-text and controlled-vocabulary collection-level subject metadata in three large-scale cultural heritage digital libraries in the United States and the European Union. As revealed by this study, the emerging best practices for creating rich collection-level subject metadata includes describing a collection's subject matter with mutually complementary data values in controlled-vocabulary and free-text subject metadata elements. Three kinds of complementarity were observed in this study: one-way complementarity, t...
TL;DR: Standards of still images description, guidelines, and indexing tools, the advantages and disadvantages of their use, and their potential to provide authoritative and comprehensive access points to digitized resources and to support sophisticated search are presented.
Abstract: Presenting museum, library, and archive collections online has become a common practice in recent years. Among the data accessible via the Internet are visual resources such as paintings, drawings, engravings, and photographs, which constitute a rich and vital source of information. Image indexing is an extremely difficult task. The crucial question is: how to transform the visual code of an image into written code. This article presents standards of still images description, guidelines, and indexing tools, the advantages and disadvantages of their use, and their potential to provide authoritative and comprehensive access points to digitized resources and to support sophisticated search. In order to provide efficient access to the digitalized images presented at the National Digital Library Polona and to promote their re-use, we are looking for a model for applying subject indexing to images.
TL;DR: The focus of the current study is to determine if classification data modeled using FRSAD can be used to solve real-world discovery problems in multicultural and multilingual contexts.
Abstract: This article reports on the second part of an initiative of the authors on researching classification systems with the conceptual model defined by the Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data (FRSAD) final report. In an earlier study, the authors explored whether the FRSAD conceptual model could be extended beyond subject authority data to model classification data. The focus of the current study is to determine if classification data modeled using FRSAD can be used to solve real-world discovery problems in multicultural and multilingual contexts. The article discusses the relationships between entities (same type or different types) in the context of classification systems that involve multiple translations and/or multicultural implementations. Results of two case studies are presented in detail: (a) two instances of the Dewey Decimal Classification [DDC] (DDC 22 in English, and the Swedish-English mixed translation of DDC 22), and (b) Chinese Library Classification. The use cases of conceptual...
TL;DR: This article analyzes transmedia features in the context of bibliographic entities and relationships, particularly those outlined in the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records FRBR and FRBROO (object-oriented redefinition) conceptual models.
Abstract: Transmedia is a technique of telling a single narrative or creating a continuous imaginary world across multiple media platforms The article seeks to explore this emerging phenomenon in terms of bibliographic organization It analyzes transmedia features in the context of bibliographic entities and relationships, particularly those outlined in the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records FRBR and FRBROO (object-oriented redefinition) conceptual models
TL;DR: In this article, a study aimed to find out the level of readiness of Mindanao librarians to use Resource Description and Access (RDA), which has been prescribed and adopted by the Philippine Professional Regulatory Board for Librarians (PRBFL).
Abstract: This study aimed to find out the level of readiness of Mindanao librarians to use Resource Description and Access (RDA), which has been prescribed and adopted by the Philippine Professional Regulatory Board for Librarians (PRBFL). The majority of librarians are aware of the PRBFL prescription and adoption. Librarians who received more RDA training and felt that their RDA training was adequate and were more comfortable with the use of RDA as compared with those who received little or no RDA training. An important finding of the study is that most Mindanao libraries do not have access to the RDA Toolkit.
TL;DR: Metadata standards for audiovisual media are described and the TIB's metadata schema in comparison to other metadata standards for non-textual materials is introduced.
Abstract: The German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB) developed a Web-based platform for audiovisual media. The audiovisual portal optimizes access to scientific videos such as computer animations and lecture and conference recordings. TIB's AV-Portal combines traditional cataloging and automatic indexing of audiovisual media. The article describes metadata standards for audiovisual media and introduces the TIB's metadata schema in comparison to other metadata standards for non-textual materials. Additionally, we give an overview of multimedia retrieval technologies used for the Portal and present the AV-Portal in detail as well as the additional value for libraries and their users.
TL;DR: This article describes a simple and innovative solution, for libraries using MARC-based Integrated Library Systems (ILS), to compensate for the removal of the General Material Designation from individual Resource Description and Access (RDA) bibliographic records in public displays.
Abstract: This article describes a simple and innovative solution, for libraries using MARC-based Integrated Library Systems (ILS), to compensate for the removal of the General Material Designation (GMD) from individual Resource Description and Access (RDA) bibliographic records in public displays. The solution is both a textual and visual one, based on the development of a text/icon combination, with an icon generated from the MARC leader code for material type, and then associated with the text from MARC tag 338, Carrier Type. The solution will work for all Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition (AACR2) and hybrid records as well.
TL;DR: Kirjasampo.fi is a Web service for fiction that was constructed after rethinking all the phases of metadata production, and is the first Finnish information system for libraries to be built with the tools of the Semantic Web.
Abstract: Kirjasampo.fi is a Web service for fiction. It was constructed after rethinking all the phases of metadata production, and is the first Finnish information system for libraries to be built with the tools of the Semantic Web. Kirjasampo is based on a metadata schema for fiction that uses a Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model. A user-friendly annotation editor enables library professionals to save, accumulate, and distribute literary knowledge and tacit information. The goal of Kirjasampo is to describe the contents of literary works based on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records. Content description is done using ontologies, which enable a flexible linking of metadata.
TL;DR: This study points out the awareness and expectations of catalogers in academic libraries in Turkey about the transition from Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition (AACR2) to RDA and their potential problems in adapting RDA.
Abstract: Resource Description and Access (RDA), as a new cataloging standard, supports libraries in their bibliographic description processes by increasing access points. The increasing importance of RDA implementation requires adaptation to a new bibliographic universe. Furthermore, many initiatives have been launched by countries who would like to keep themselves up-to-date by using and implementing RDA in their library catalogs. This study points out the awareness and expectations of catalogers in academic libraries in Turkey about the transition from Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules, Second Edition (AACR2) to RDA and their potential problems in adapting RDA. The situation in Turkey in terms of academic libraries is evaluated and reported.
TL;DR: The National Library of Latvia uses the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) in the project “In Search of Lost Latvia,” one of the milestones in the development of the subject cataloging of digital resources in Latvia.
Abstract: The National Library of Latvia (NLL) made a decision to use the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH) in 2000. At present the NLL Subject Headings Database in Latvian holds approximately 34,000 subject headings and is used for subject cataloging of textual resources, including articles from serials. For digital objects NLL uses a system like Faceted Application of Subject Terminology (FAST). We succesfully use it in the project “In Search of Lost Latvia,” one of the milestones in the development of the subject cataloging of digital resources in Latvia.
TL;DR: RDA includes a set of lower-level elements called Carrier Characteristics for describing these resource's properties; however, these elements have not enjoyed as much discussion in the professional literature as have the three higher-tier elements.
Abstract: In moving to Resource Description and Access (RDA), the change from recording a General Material Designation (GMD) to recording separate elements for Content, Media, and Carrier has attracted most of the cataloging world's attention. By themselves, these elements do not provide the user with enough nuance to perform the basic functions of finding, identifying, selecting, and obtaining materials. RDA includes a set of lower-level elements called Carrier Characteristics for describing these resource's properties; however, these elements have not enjoyed as much discussion in the professional literature as have the three higher-tier elements. Details of RDA's carrier characteristics are discussed and their shortcomings are analyzed.
TL;DR: The article discusses the use of such alignments in the automated processing of linked data for interoperability, using examples from ISBD, UNIMARC, and Resource Description and Access.
Abstract: The article is an updated and expanded version of a paper presented to International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions in 2013. It describes recent work involving the representation of International Standard for Bibliographic Description (ISBD) and UNIMARC (UNIversal MARC) in Resource Description Framework (RDF), the basis of the Semantic Web and linked data. The UNIMARC Bibliographic format is used to illustrate issues arising from the development of a bibliographic element set and its semantic alignment with ISBD. The article discusses the use of such alignments in the automated processing of linked data for interoperability, using examples from ISBD, UNIMARC, and Resource Description and Access.
TL;DR: What follows are the memories of the events, starting almost five decades ago, that led to the International Standard for Bibliographic Description (ISBD)—still the most successful and widely used international cataloging standard in history.
Abstract: What follows are my memories of the events, starting almost five decades ago, that led to the International Standard for Bibliographic Description (ISBD)—still the most successful and widely used international cataloging standard in history. Many of the documents of the time were little more than ephemera (working papers and the like) and some are not now available to me. I have checked my recollections in all the documents to which I have access and apologize in advance for any errors of time or place. I also apologize for the, alas, unavoidable, given the nature of the essay, many repetitions of the words “I” and “me.”