Showing papers in "Cell in 1988"

TL;DR: Experiments using radioactive protein show that tat becomes localized to the nucleus after uptake and suggest that chloroquine protects tat from proteolytic degradation, raising the possibility that, under some conditions, tat might act as a viral growth factor to stimulate viral replication in latently infected cells or alter expression of cellular genes.

TL;DR: It is concluded that c-K-ras somatic mutational activation is a critical event in the oncogenesis of most, if not all, human cancers of the exocrine pancreas.

TL;DR: The complete sequence of the human Duchenne muscular dystrophy cDNA has been determined and dystrophin shares many features with the cytoskeletal protein spectrin and alpha-actinin and is likely to adopt a rod shape about 150 nm in length.

TL;DR: Results are consistent with a model for transformation by SV40 which, at least in part, involves T/p110-114 complex formation and the perturbation of Rb protein and/or T function.

TL;DR: HIV-1 encodes a potent trans-activator protein, tat, which is essential for viral gene expression, and chemically synthesized the 86 amino acid tat protein (tat-86) and tat mutant peptides, demonstrating the functional significance of these domains.

TL;DR: The data demonstrate that p56lck is specifically modulated with either CD4 or CD8 following antibody-mediated cross-linking of these molecules and that a large fraction of the total cellular lck protein can be coimmunoprecipitated with these surface glycoproteins.

TL;DR: This work focuses on the molecular basis of blood coagulation with particular attention to the biochemistry and regulation of this pathway as it relates to humans in health and disease.

TL;DR: It is shown here that the c-kit gene is disrupted in two spontaneous mutant W alleles, W44 and Wx, which strongly support the identification of c-Kit as the gene product of the W locus.

TL;DR: Drosophila tissue culture cells provide an Sp1-deficient background and have been used in a complementation assay to identify functional domains of human transcription factor Sp1, and it is proposed that these glutamine-rich domains represent a novel structural motif for transcriptional activation.

TL;DR: Fos is a trans-acting factor that is capable of stimulating gene expression not by direct binding to DNA but by interaction with the sequence-specific transcription factor AP-1, therefore recognition of specific cis-elements by AP- 1 is a prerequisite for Fos-mediated stimulation of gene expression.

TL;DR: Sequence analysis of murine Egr-1 cDNA predicts a protein with three DNA binding zinc fingers, and results suggest that EGR1 may function as a transcriptional regulator in diverse biological processes.

TL;DR: A novel, rapidly inducible cell surface cytotoxic integral transmembrane form of TNF is identified and characterized and it is suggested that cell borne cytokines and cytotoxins may be the primary mediators of directed inflammatory responses.

TL;DR: In addition to inducing the activation function associated with the HBD, estrogen plays a crucial role in the formation of stable ER dimers that bind tightly to ERE.

TL;DR: The results indicate that the combination of activated oncogene and tissue context are major determinants of malignant progression and that expression of the activated form of c-neu in the mammary epithelium has particularly deleterious consequences.

TL;DR: C57BL/6 mice immunized against a syngeneic tumor cell transfected with chicken ovalbumin cDNA gave rise to H-2Kb-restricted CTL specific for the OVA258-276 peptide, which was able to target H- 2b cells for lysis by the CTL in a 3 hr assay.

TL;DR: The Toll gene of Drosophila, a maternal effect gene that plays a central role in the establishment of the embryonic dorsal-ventral pattern, has been cloned using P element tagging and the sequence of cDNAs suggests that the Toll protein is an integral membrane protein with a cytoplasmic domain and a large extracytoplasmaic domain.

TL;DR: In this paper, the human transcription factor Jun/AP-1 was found to be responsible for increased transcription of different cellular genes in response to tumor promoters, such as TPA, and serum factors.

TL;DR: It is concluded that both 70Z/3 and HeLa cells contain apparently cytosolic NF-kappa B in a form with no evident DNA-binding activity, and phorbol esters both release the inhibition of binding and cause a translocation to the nucleus.

TL;DR: It is suggested that in growth factor-stimulated cells c-Jun binds DNA as a dimer with c-Fos as its natural partner, which may result in formation of aberrant homodimeric transcription complexes, which could abrogate the normal mechanisms controlling gene expression.

TL;DR: The bicoid protein in a Drosophila embryo is derived from an anteriorly localized mRNA and comes to be distributed in an exponential concentration gradient along the anteroposterior axis and has the properties of a morphogen that autonomously determines positions in the anterior half of the embryo.

TL;DR: The ICAM-1 and LFA-1 interaction is heterophilic and unusual in that it is between members of the immunoglobulin and intergrin families.

TL;DR: The maternal gene bicoid organizes anterior development in Drosophila and its mRNA is localized at the anterior tip of the oocyte and early embryo, distributed in an exponential concentration gradient, reaching background levels in the posterior third of the embryo.

TL;DR: The structure of Pit-1 and its recognition elements suggests that metazoan tissue phenotype is controlled by a family of transcription factors that bind to related cis-active elements and contain several highly conserved domains.

TL;DR: It is shown here that the IRF-1 gene possesses virus-inducible promoter and is also involved in the regulation of other genes such as IFN-alpha and MHC class I genes.

TL;DR: Prevention and reversal of autoimmune disease with V beta 8-specific monoclonal antibodies was achieved in EAE because of a striking similarity in fine specificity of T cell receptors.

TL;DR: Transforming growth factor-α (TGF-α) was first detected in the culture medium of certain retrovirus-transformed cell lines as an activity which binds to the receptor for epidermal growth factor (EGF) and thereby inhibits the binding of EGF as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: The anti-amyloid antiserum recognizes at least two distinct epitopes in alpha 1-antichymotrypsin, further supporting the presence of this protein in Alzheimer amyloid deposits.

TL;DR: The kinetics of induction after serum starvation and density-dependent inhibition of two growth-arrest-specific (gas) genes were investigated in more detail and two cell lines transformed by viral onc genes did not express the two gas genes.

TL;DR: It is proposed that all of these defects result from the failure of a maternally encoded system for intracellular localization in early embryos.