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Showing papers in "Cell in 1991"


Journal ArticleDOI
05 Apr 1991-Cell
TL;DR: This work has cloned and characterized 18 different members of an extremely large multigene family that encodes seven transmembrane domain proteins whose expression is restricted to the olfactory epithelium and is likely to encode a diverse family of odorant receptors.

4,537 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
23 Aug 1991-Cell
TL;DR: The results suggest that calcineurin is involved in a common step associated with T cell receptor and IgE receptor signaling pathways and that cyclophilin and FKBP mediate the actions of CsA and Fk506 by forming drug-dependent complexes with and altering the activity of calcineURin-calmodulin.

3,968 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
31 May 1991-Cell
TL;DR: A fragile X site-induced breakpoint cluster region that exhibits length variation in fragile X chromosomes is identified and localization of the brain-expressed FMR-1 gene to this EcoRI fragment suggests the involvement of this gene in the phenotypic expression of the fragile X syndrome.

3,290 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
22 Mar 1991-Cell
TL;DR: A novel signaling mechanism in which thrombin cleaves its receptor's amino-terminal extension to create a new receptor amino terminus that functions as a tethered ligand and activates the receptor is revealed.

2,992 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
26 Jul 1991-Cell
TL;DR: Complementary DNAs encoding the cell surface antigen Fas were isolated from a cDNA library of human T cell lymphoma KT-3 cells and revealed that the molecule coding for the Fas antigen determinant is a 319 amino acid polypeptide with a single transmembrane domain.

2,918 citations



Journal ArticleDOI
25 Jan 1991-Cell
TL;DR: General themes are emerging that yield new strategies for prognosis and therapy of hu- man metastatic cancer, and an imbalanced regulation of motility and proteoly- sis appears to be required for invasion and metastasis.

2,776 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
09 Aug 1991-Cell
TL;DR: DNA from 61 unrelated patients with adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) was examined for mutations in three genes located within a 100 kb region deleted in two of the patients, and data have established that DP2.5 is the APC gene.

2,754 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
25 Jan 1991-Cell
TL;DR: The protein-tyrosine kinase oncogenes will be the primary focus of the review as discussed by the authors, however, biochemical connections between the protein tyrosine Kinases and oncoproteins of the Ras,Raf,Fos,Jun, and Rel families as well as the protein kinase C family are also discussed.

2,686 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
22 Feb 1991-Cell
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that free heparin and heparan sulfate can reconstitute a low affinity receptor that is, in turn, required for the high affinity binding of bFGF.

2,448 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
31 May 1991-Cell
TL;DR: Rolling of leukocytes on vascular endothelial cells, an early event in inflammation, can be reproduced in vitro on artificial lipid bilayers containing purified CD62, a selectin also named PADGEM and GMP-140 that is inducible on endothelial Cells.

Journal ArticleDOI
22 Feb 1991-Cell
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that src is not required for general cell viability (possibly because of functional overlap with other tyrosine kinases related to src) and an essential role for src in bone formation is uncovered.

Journal ArticleDOI
20 Dec 1991-Cell
TL;DR: The risk of expansion during oogenesis to the full mutation associated with mental retardation increases with the number of repeats, and this variation in risk accounts for the Sherman paradox.

Journal ArticleDOI
17 May 1991-Cell
TL;DR: Cl cloning and characterization of two ERK1-related kinases, ERK2 and ERK3, are described and evidence suggesting that there are additional ERK family members is provided, which may serve as intermediates that depend on tyrosine phosphorylation to activate serine/threonineosphorylation cascades.

Journal ArticleDOI
23 Aug 1991-Cell
TL;DR: It is shown that the locus on chromosome 9 contains a gene highly homologous to the Drosophila gene Notch, which may be important for normal lymphocyte function and that alteration of TAN-1 may play a role in the pathogenesis of some T cell neoplasms.

Journal ArticleDOI
22 Feb 1991-Cell
TL;DR: It is demonstrated that IGF-II is indispensable for normal embryonic growth and that the IGF- II gene is subject to tissue-specific parental imprinting.

Journal ArticleDOI
12 Jul 1991-Cell
TL;DR: Evidence is provided that E-cadherin acts as an invasion suppressor molecule in epithelial tumor cell lines of dog kidney or mouse mammary gland origin.

Journal ArticleDOI
05 Apr 1991-Cell
TL;DR: Using a monoclonal antibody raised against a surface glycoprotein of the metastasizing rat pancreatic carcinoma cell line BSp73ASML, cDNA clones have been isolated that encode glycoproteins with partial homology to CD44, a presumed adhesion molecule.

Journal ArticleDOI
28 Jun 1991-Cell
TL;DR: This study points to the general importance of tandem repeat hormone response elements and suggests a simple physiologic code exists in which half-site spacing plays a critical role in achieving selective hormonal response.

Journal ArticleDOI
14 Jun 1991-Cell
TL;DR: The cloning and expression of a cDNA encoding a high molecular weight cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) that has no detectable sequence homology with the secreted forms of PLA2 is reported and it is demonstrated that cPLA2 selectively cleaves arachidonic acid from natural membrane vesicles and translocates to membrane vESicles in response to physiologically relevant changes in free calcium.

Journal ArticleDOI
25 Jan 1991-Cell
TL;DR: It seems likely that most malignancies arise from the collaborative effects of dominant and recessive lesions, andumeration of the number of tumor suppressor genes afflicted in any given tumor may be greater.

Journal ArticleDOI
17 May 1991-Cell
TL;DR: The results indicate that nef is required for maintaining high virus loads during the course of persistent infection in vivo and for full pathologic potential, and should become a target for antiviral drug development.

Journal ArticleDOI
08 Feb 1991-Cell
TL;DR: Point mutagenesis of the nuclear targeting sequence of nucleoplasmin has identified two interdependent basic domains separated by 10 intervening "spacer" amino acids that tolerate point mutations and some insertions.

Journal ArticleDOI
04 Oct 1991-Cell
TL;DR: It is shown that the genomic DNA sequences encoding the particular channel segment of all subunits harbor a glutamine codon (CAG), even though an arginine codon is found in mRNAs of three subunits.

Journal ArticleDOI
14 Jun 1991-Cell
TL;DR: The results suggest that the interaction of RB with E2F is an important event in the control of cellular proliferation and that the dissociation of the complex is part of the mechanism by which E1A inactivates RB function.

Journal ArticleDOI
23 Aug 1991-Cell
TL;DR: Because patients with APL can be induced into remission with high dose RA therapy, it is proposed that the nonliganded PML-RAR protein is a new class of dominant negative oncogene product.

Journal ArticleDOI
23 Aug 1991-Cell
TL;DR: FMR-1 mRNA was absent in the majority of male fragile X patients, suggesting a close involvement of this gene in development of the syndrome, and the methylation status of the BssHII site at the CpG island was studied.

Journal ArticleDOI
05 Apr 1991-Cell
TL;DR: The results indicate that gp140trk is a functional NGF receptor that mediates at least some of the signal transduction processes initiated by this neurotrophic factor.

Journal ArticleDOI
25 Jan 1991-Cell
TL;DR: The purpose of this study is to discuss some of the results and concepts resulting from genetic approaches to identify the genes that appear to be involved in providing negative signals for cell proliferation and behavior.

Journal ArticleDOI
08 Mar 1991-Cell
TL;DR: Proteoglycans bind to extracellular proteins such as fibronectin and are found to be binders of many growth factors.