Showing papers in "Cell in 2000"

TL;DR: This work has been supported by the Department of the Army and the National Institutes of Health, and the author acknowledges the support and encouragement of the National Cancer Institute.

TL;DR: Understanding of the complex signaling networks downstream from RTKs and how alterations in these networks are translated into cellular responses provides an important context for therapeutically countering the effects of pathogenic RTK mutations in cancer and other diseases.

TL;DR: This review will focus on the JNK group of MAP kinases, which are characterized by the sequence TEY and the two stress-activatedMAP kinases: p38 with the sequence TGY, and the c-Jun NH2-terminal kinases (JNK) with the sequences TPY.

TL;DR: The identification of a novel protein, Smac, which promotes caspase activation in the cytochrome c/Apaf-1/caspase-9 pathway and increases cells' sensitivity to apoptotic stimuli is reported.

TL;DR: T-bet initiates Th1 lineage development from naive Thp cells both by activating Th1 genetic programs and by repressing the opposing Th2 programs, as evidenced by the simultaneous induction of IFNgamma and repression of IL-4 and IL-5.

TL;DR: Results suggest that AID may be involved in regulation or catalysis of the DNA modification step of both class switching and somatic hypermutation in CH12F3-2 B lymphoma.

TL;DR: It is found that RNAi is ATP dependent yet uncoupled from mRNA translation, suggesting that the 21-23 nucleotide fragments from the dsRNA are guiding mRNA cleavage.

TL;DR: A reference database or "compendium" of expression profiles corresponding to 300 diverse mutations and chemical treatments in S. cerevisiae is constructed, and it is shown that the cellular pathways affected can be determined by pattern matching, even among very subtle profiles.

TL;DR: The important findings in the history of signal transduction are adequately covered in many reviews, and I have therefore cited reviews that discuss the seminal papers.

TL;DR: It is proposed that DC-SIGN efficiently captures HIV-1 in the periphery and facilitates its transport to secondary lymphoid organs rich in T cells, to enhance infection in trans of these target cells.

TL;DR: DIABLO (direct IAP binding protein with low pI) is a novel protein that can bind MIHA and can also interact with MIHB and MIHC and the baculoviral IAP, OpIAP.

TL;DR: The author would like to thank S. H. Roan for all her help and members of the Massague laboratory for insightful discussions.

TL;DR: The paired box transcription factor Pax7 was isolated by representational difference analysis as a gene specifically expressed in cultured satellite cell-derived myoblasts and it was demonstrated that satellite cells and muscle-derived stem cells represent distinct cell populations.

TL;DR: This study identifies leptin as a potent inhibitor of bone formation acting through the central nervous system and therefore describes the central nature of bone mass control and its disorders.

TL;DR: It is shown that protein kinase A (PKA) phosphorylation of RyR2 dissociates FKBP12.6 and regulates the channel open probability (Po), resulting in defective channel function due to increased sensitivity to Ca2+-induced activation.

TL;DR: Findings reveal that the target of rapamycin TOR controls an unusually abundant and diverse set of readouts all of which are important for cell growth, suggesting that this conserved kinase is such a central regulator.

TL;DR: The unfolded protein response and ERAD are dynamic responses required for the coordinated disposal of misfolded proteins even in the absence of acute stress.

TL;DR: Shimon et al. as discussed by the authors showed that more than one population of regulatory T cells seem to be engaged in the maintenance of self-tolerance and these populations function in different ways.

TL;DR: The review begins with a detailed examination of hematopoi-via the umbilical vein to the fetal liver between dpc 8.5 etic (blood-forming) stem cells, and the transcription pro-The earliest stem cells in ontogeny are totipotent, ex- files of each of these populations are quite distinct.

TL;DR: It is found that TRAF6, a RING domain protein, functions together with Ubc13/Uev1A to catalyze the synthesis of unique polyubiquitin chains linked through lysine-63 (K63) of ubiquitin.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that ICAM-3 expressed by resting T cells is important in this first contact with dendritic cells, and it is predicted that DC-SIGN enables T cell receptor engagement by stabilization of the DC-T cell contact zone.

TL;DR: It is shown that recruitment of the p160 class of coactivators is sufficient for gene activation and for the growth stimulatory actions of estrogen in breast cancer supporting a model in which ER cofactors play unique roles in estrogen signaling.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that FXR/BAR is critical for bile acid and lipid homeostasis by virtue of its role as an intracellular bile Acid sensor.

TL;DR: This manuscript presents a meta-analyses of the determinants of infectious disease in eight operation theatres of the immune system and shows clear patterns of disease progression that are consistent with previous studies of immune checkpoint disease.

TL;DR: The phenotype observed in HIGM2 patients (and in AID-/- mice) demonstrates the absolute requirement for AID in several crucial steps of B cell terminal differentiation necessary for efficient antibody responses.

TL;DR: This paper showed that the shoot meristem has properties of a self-regulatory system in which WUS/CLV interactions establish a feedback loop between the stem cells and the underlying organizing center.

TL;DR: Analysis of Period gene expression in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) indicates that these behavioral phenotypes arise from loss of circadian function at the molecular level, and provides genetic evidence that MOP3 is the bona fide heterodimeric partner of mCLOCK.

TL;DR: This research is supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (HL20948) and the Perot Family Foundation.

TL;DR: A heterologous expression system is used to show that specific T2Rs function as bitter taste receptors, and these findings provide a plausible explanation for the uniform bitter taste that is evoked by many structurally unrelated toxic compounds.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that T2Rs couple to gustducin in vitro, and respond to bitter tastants in a functional expression assay, implying that they function as gust Ducin-linked receptors.