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Showing papers in "Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences in 1976"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The study of the distribution of Cd, ZN and Cu in homogenates of mussels has shown that Zn and Cu are principally associated with high mol.
Abstract: The study of the distribution of Cd, Zn and Cu in homogenates of mussels has shown that Zn and Cu are principally associated with high mol. wt. proteins. The same distribution is observed for Cd in untreated mussels, but in Cd chronically intoxicated animals, the metal is principally bound to low mol. wt. proteins synthesized in response to the uptake of the cation and similar to metallothioneins of vertebrates.

146 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Pregnancy specific β1 (PSβG) has been identified in vitro in trophoblast cultures and in vivo, using transmission electron microscopy, in the syncytiotrophoblast, and may, like other pregnancy proteins, have immunosuppressive properties.
Abstract: Pregnancy specific β1 (PSβG) has been identified in vitro in trophoblast cultures and in vivo, using transmission electron microscopy, in the syncytiotrophoblast, PSβG may, like other pregnancy proteins, have immunosuppressive properties.

140 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new derivative, albendazole, of the benzimidazole group of anthelmintics which is active against nematode, cestode and trematode species, was found.
Abstract: A new derivative, albendazole, of the benzimidazole group of anthelmintics which is active against nematode, cestode and trematode species, was found.

137 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the structures of two metabolites from Penicillium roqueforti have been determined by chemical and spectroscopic studies, which are designated roqefortine and isofumigaclavine A.
Abstract: The structures of two metabolites fromPenicillium roqueforti, designated roquefortine and isofumigaclavine A, have been determined by chemical and spectroscopic studies.

127 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
G. Nogge1
TL;DR: Tsetse flies fed on blood containing oxytetracycline, sulphaquinoxaline or lysozyme do not reproduce and it could be proved that primarily the symbionts in flies are damaged, which secondly leads to sterility.
Abstract: Tsetse flies fed on blood containing oxytetracycline, sulphaquinoxaline or lysozyme do not reproduce. It could be proved that primarily the symbionts in flies are damaged, which secondarily leads to sterility.

126 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The spike discharges in the EEG of the El mouse, a seizure-susceptible strain, were recorded during convulsive seizures, providing evidence that those seizures are really epileptic convulsions.
Abstract: The spike discharges in the EEG of the El mouse, a seizure-susceptible strain, were recorded during convulsive seizures. This fact provides evidence that those seizures are really epileptic convulsions.

119 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Evidence is presented for Substance P as a putative excitatory transmitter onto reticular and nigral neurones possibly released from primary sensory afferents and in some cases this excitation was rapid.
Abstract: Extracellular recordings were made from neurones in the mesencephalic reticular formation and substantia nigra of the rat which was anaesthetized with urethane 1.5–2 g/kg i.p. Out of 44 cells tested 42 were excited by Substance P applied iontophoretically and in some cases this excitation was rapid. Evidence is presented for Substance P as a putative excitatory transmitter onto reticular and nigral neurones possibly released from primary sensory afferents.

119 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Products of lipid peroxidation (malonaldehyde, Schiff-bases) were detected in human skin and were increased after UV-light exposition, on chronically sun-exposed areas as well as with advancing age.
Abstract: Products of lipid peroxidation (malonaldehyde, Schiff-bases) were detected in human skin. These products were increased after UV-light exposition, on chronically sun-exposed areas as well as with advancing age. Malonaldehyde cross linked epidermal glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase and diminished their activity.

98 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The relationship between their chemical structure and antitumor activity was investigated, and the activity of oridonin and lasiokaurin was rationalized in terms of their structural feature.
Abstract: A significant antitumor activity of oridonin (1) and lasiokaurin (2), the kaurene-type diterpenoids ofIsodon species, was shown by their i.p. injection to the test mice inoculated by Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Enmein (8), compounds9 and3 were also active under larger dose. Subsequently, the relationship between their chemical structure and antitumor activity was investigated, and the activity of oridonin (1) and lasiokaurin (2) was rationalized in terms of their structural feature.

93 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Intraperitoneal and intraventricular injection of histamine induces a very fast and high elevation of vasopressin in rat plasma as determined by radioimmunoassay.
Abstract: Intraperitoneal and intraventricualr injection of histamine induces a very fast and high elevation of vasopressin in rat plasma as determined by radioimmunoassay. The effects are dose and time related. The intraventricular injection is more effective with regard to time and dose than the intraperitoneal injection.

92 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Eel-calcitonin and its [Asu1,7]-analog, deamino-dicarba-Analog, were synthesized by the conventional solution method and showed a potency comparable to that of the natural hormone isolated from eel.
Abstract: Eel-calcitonin and its [Asu1,7]-analog, deamino-dicarba-analog, were synthesized by the conventional solution method. The natural-type product showed 4300 MRC U/mg in the hypocalcemic potency which was comparable to that of the natural hormone isolated from eel. Hormonal activity of the Asu-analog was also as high as 3400 MRC U/mg.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Subcutaneous injection of epidermal growth factor significantly shortened the latency period for the appearance of methylcholanthrene induced skin tumors and increased the average number of papillomas elicited per mouse in both the Swiss Webster and C3HeB/FeJ strains.
Abstract: Subcutaneous injection of epidermal growth factor 1. significantly shortened the latency period for the appearance of methylcholanthrene induced skin tumors and 2. increased the average number of papillomas elicited per mouse in both the Swiss Webster and C3HeB/FeJ strains.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is suggested that olfactory discrimination may serve as a reproductive isolating mechanism in the speciating fossorial rodent, Spalax ehrenbergi, in Israel and help to achieve speciation of mole rats.
Abstract: Olfactory discrimination was tested in two chromosome forms of the speciating fossorial rodent, Spalax ehrenbergi, in Israel. Females of the chromosome forms 2n = 52 and 2n = 58 were tested for male odour discrimination, the source of odour being either case litter or urine. Estrous females of both forms preferred homochromosomal odurs, whereas diestrous females showed no discrimination. These results suggest that olfactory discrimination may serve as a reproductive isolating mechanism in the speciation of mole rats.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The octopamine, dopamine and noradrenaline content of the brain of the locust, Schistocerca gregaria has been determined using sensitive radiochemical-enzymatic assays.
Abstract: The octopamine, dopamine and noradrenaline content of the brain of the locust,Schistocerca gregaria has been determined using sensitive radiochemical-enzymatic assays. Octopamine and dopamine are present in high concentration but the noradrenaline content is only 1/25 that of octopamine. Both reserpine and fusaric acid (a dopamine-β-hydroxylase inhibitor) produce a significant depletion of the octopamine stores.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Adult males of the ‘spanish fly’Lytta vesicatoria (Meloidae, Coleoptera) are able to biosynthesize cantharidin ‘in copula’ after injection of E, E-11′-(3H,14C)-farnesol and 2-14C-methylfarnesoate and it seems that in the male the biosynthesis of cantharsynthesis is stimulated during copulation.
Abstract: Adult males of the ‘spanish fly’Lytta vesicatoria (Meloidae, Coleoptera) are able to biosynthesize cantharidin (1) ‘in copula’ after injection of E, E-11′-(3H,14C)-farnesol and 2-14C-methylfarnesoate. During mating, the cantharidin biosynthesized in the males is transferred to the females, who are unable to biosynthesize cantharidin from any terpenoid precursors. After injection of (3H,14C)-cantharidin into males during copulation, more than 10% is transferred into the female sex organs. Males injected with 2-(3H,14C)-mevalonate 24–30 h prior to copulation transferred 93–98% of the biosynthesized cantharidin to the females during mating. After mating, the males continue to produce cantharidin. It seems that in the male the biosynthesis of cantharidin is stimulated during copulation.

Journal ArticleDOI
Velio Bocci1
TL;DR: The role of sialic acid in determining the life of circulating cells and glycoproteins is reviewed and an attempt is made to assess its real importance and to interpret the desialylation pathway.
Abstract: The role of sialic acid in determining the life of circulating cells and glycoproteins is reviewed and an attempt is made to assess its real importance and to interpret the desialylation pathway. An overall view of factors, including desialylated glycoprotein fragments, that may regulate hepatic synthesis of glycoproteins is presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Chemical analysis established the presence of sesquiterpene lactones in the trichomes that cause eczematous dermatitis in Parthenium hysterophorus L.
Abstract: Scanning electron microscopy of the leaf surface, phyllaries and achene-complex ofParthenium hysterophorus L. showed the presence of 4 types of glandular and non-glandular trichomes. Chemical analysis established the presence of sesquiterpene lactones in the trichomes that cause eczematous dermatitis.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Although the absolute concentrations of metal complexes in blood plasma are controlled by protein binding, the percentage distribution of transition metal ions amongst low molecular weight ligands is not and computer simulations which omit protein equilibria can nevertheless afford reliable information about such metals in the biofluid.
Abstract: Although the absolute concentrations of metal complexes in blood plasma are controlled by protein binding, the percentage distribution of transition metal ions amongst low molecular weight ligands is not. Thus, computer simulations which omit protein equilibria can nevertheless afford reliable information about such metals in the biofluid.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The rate of Li uptake is modestly but significantly increased in the spontaneously hypertensie rat (SHR) at 37°C and at 22°C, and the slow rate of Na gain and K loss during cooling at 2°C was about doubled in unmodified whole blood samples from the SHR.
Abstract: Red blood cells incubated in a physiological medium in which Li replaces Na (LiPSS) gain Li in exchange for Na and K. The rate of Li uptake is modestly but significantly increased in the spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) at 37 degrees C and at 22 degrees C. The slow rate of Na gain and K loss during cooling at 2 degrees C was about doubled in unmodified whole blood samples from the SHR.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The lower blood pressure limit of autoregulation being 95 mm HG in SHR was shifted upwards from 62 mm Hg in NTR.
Abstract: Cerebral autoregulation was examined in NTR and SHR. The lower blood pressure limit of autoregulation being 95 mm Hg in SHR was shifted upwards from 62 mm Hg in NTR.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Mercury and zinc are incorporated into cadmium-binding protein found in liver and kidney of goldfish, while mercury show similar affinity for the Cd-BP of this two organs.
Abstract: Mercury and zinc, besides Cadmium, are incorporated into cadmium-binding protein found in liver and kidney of goldfish In the liver, the Cd-BP incorporates more zinc (40%) than in the kidney (12%), while mercury show similar affinity for the Cd-BP of this two organs (17 and 12% respectively)

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Recording the olfactory receptor activity of marine fishes presents problems due to the shunting of the electrical signals by the highly conductive sea water, which results in significant signal loss, so the large signal-to-noise ratio D. C. potentials using the underwater electro-olfactogram (EOG) was able to be studied in comparable manner.
Abstract: Recording the olfactory receptor activity of marine fishes presents problems due to the shunting of the electrical signals by the highly conductive sea water, which results in significant signal loss. By recording the large signal-to-noise ratio D. C. potentials using the underwater electro-olfactogram (EOG), we were able to study olfactory receptor properties of freshwater and marine fishes in a comparable manner.

Journal ArticleDOI
Winne D1
TL;DR: The effective unstirred layer thickness in the rat jejunum perfused in vivo amounts to at least 530 μm from the absorption increase ofl-phenylalanine due to better mixing of the luminal solution by air bubbles.
Abstract: The effective unstirred layer thickness in the rat jejunum perfused in vivo amounts to at least 530 μm. This value has been estimated from the absorption increase ofl-phenylalanine due to better mixing of the luminal solution by air bubbles.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A sequential study of rat brains treated transplacentally with the neurotropic carcinogen ethylnitrosourea reveals small foci of cell proliferations from the age of 8 weeks that represent the earliest, histologically detectable changes in the development of brain tumours.
Abstract: A sequential study of rat brains treated transplacentally with the neurotropic carcinogen ethylnitrosourea reveals small foci of cell proliferations from the age of 8 weeks. These lesions consist mainly of undifferentiated cells of the subependymal plate type. They occur in those areas in which gliomas develop and represent the earliest, histologically detectable, changes in the development of brain tumours.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A new method for the synthesis of benzoyl phosphate was reported, which has the advantages of more rapid procedure, lower cost, and higher yield.
Abstract: A new method for the synthesis of benzoyl phosphate was reported. The advantages are: 1. more rapid procedure; 2. lower cost; 3. higher yield.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Partial reversal of growth inhibition in the presence of relatively large amounts of cholesterol suggests an interaction with the insects' hormonal system.
Abstract: Kaurenoic and trachylobanoic acids from sunflower inhibited larval development in several Lepidoptera species. The tricyclic resin acids were also effective in curtailing growth ofPectinophora gossypiella and either reduction to carbinol or esterification of the carboxyl group lowered activity. Partial reversal of growth inhibition in the presence of relatively large amounts of cholesterol suggests an interaction with the insects' hormonal system.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: JH titer was determined in the haemolymph of penultimate and last instar larvae of Pieris Brassicae L. and Barathra brassicae and the differences observed were consistent with physiological differences between the two species.
Abstract: JH titer was determined in the haemolymph of penultimate and last instar larvae ofPieris brassicae L. andBarathra brassicae L. The differences we observed were consistent with physiological differences between the two species.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Nemertelline, the first tetrapyridyl natural product to be reported, shows a structural resemblance to the tobacco constituent nicotelline, but its mammalian toxicity is negligible.
Abstract: Two pyridine bases were isolated from the marine hoplonemertineAmphiporus angulatus (Fabricius) and identified by mass and PMR-spectroscopy as 2,3′-bipyridyl and 3,2′; 3′,2″; 4″,3′''-tetrapyridyl (Nemertelline). Nemertelline, the first tetrapyridyl natural product to be reported, shows a structural resemblance to the tobacco constituent nicotelline. The crustacean toxicity of 2,3′-bipyridyl is very similar to that of nicotine, but its mammalian toxicity is negligible.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Alpha-tocopherol inhibits human platelet aggregation induced by arachidonate sodium, collagen, epinephrine, adenosine diphosphate or thrombin and is preferentially inhibited in the second phase of the biphasic platelet aggregating phase.
Abstract: Alpha-tocopherol inhibits human platelet aggregation induced by arachidonate sodium, collagen, epinephrine, adenosine diphosphate or thrombin — arachidonate sodium being the most susceptible. The second phase of the biphasic platelet aggregation induced by epinephrine or adenosine diphosphate is preferentially inhibited.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: How the quantifying fine structural observations approach to the study of the microvasculature has yielded much that is new about the functioning of different kinds of blood capillaries, ofThe tissue channels, of the whole lymphatic system, and of the ways they affect each other is shown.
Abstract: the structure and function of blood capillaries, as related to permeability, depends on tight, close and (in injured vessels) open junctional regions, small vesicles, vacuoles (in injured vessels) and fenestrae. The basement membrane presents a hindrance to the larger macromolecules, at high flow rates, but not to small molecules. The connective tissue channels are probably the paths by which macromolecules, and most of the small ones, pass from the arterial-limbs to the venous ones, and to the lymphatics. In some regions these channels are grouped in special systems: the prelymphatics. The initial lymphatics take up material via open junctions, which close during tissue-compression. The collecting lymphatics retain the lymph because they do not have open junctions. In the close junctional regions the motive force for water flow is the result of Starling's forces; diffusion is very important for other small molecules. The small vesicles transport macromolecules slowly by Brownian motion, as may the vacuoles, but possibly these latter are moved actively. There is much evidence that colloids can develop high effective osmotic pressures even across pores much larger than their molecules, and that proteins can be dragged up a concentration gradient by the resultant fluid flow. On the basis of this, hypotheses have been developed about the functioning of venous-limb fenestrae and the initial lymphatics, for which there is much theoretical, in vitro, and in vivo evidence. Thus, in fenestrae and regions there is held to be a large local circulation through the tissues, of which a quantitatively small, but qualitatively vital, part goes to the lymphatics. Material is considered usually to enter these latter because of the relative concentration of the lymph. It is becoming increasingly evident that in the study of the microvasculature, as with other systems, there is much to be gained by quantifying fine structural observations and by combining and contrasting this data, via physical laws, with that obtained by other methods where the characteristics of whole organs and regions are studied. Thus one can obtain interrelated information, which is not possible by either method alone, and which gives us a vital, comprehensive, perspective of the ways in which whole systems function, and how different systems interact. In this paper I shall show how this approach has yielded much that is new about the functioning of different kinds of blood capillaries, of the tissue channels, of the whole lymphatic system, and of the ways they affect each other.