Showing papers in "Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences in 1979"
TL;DR: In this article, the visual field of a specialized dorsal part of the ant's retina is mapped on to the celestial sphere to consider the possibility that similar mechanisms are used to define directions on earth by exploiting skylight patterns present at infinity.
Abstract: For navigation, desert ants apply piloting and dead-reckoning strategies based on terrestrial and celestial visual cues, respectively. Visual spatial memories, rather than general concepts derived from landmark constellations, are most probably used to define points on earth by nearby landmarks. The visual field of a specialized dorsal part of the ant's retina is mapped on to the celestial sphere to consider the possibility that similar mechanisms are used to define directions on earth by exploiting skylight patterns present at infinity.
246 citations
TL;DR: It is conculude that eylid closure causes myopia and in pairs of humans ranked for sleep and myopia, the more myopic tends to slepp the more.
Abstract: Humans with unilateral ptosis are more myopic in the closed eye than in the normal eye. The effect seems unrelated to visual loss. In pairs of humans ranked for sleep and myopia, the more myopic tends to sleep the more. We conclude that eyelid closure causes myopia.
155 citations
TL;DR: The treatment of pigmented guinea-pigs with melatonin aggregates pigmented cells in the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid of the eye suggests that melatonin may regulate eye pigmentation in vertebrates.
Abstract: The treatment of pigmented guinea-pigs with melatonin aggregates pigmented cells in the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid of the eye. This suggests that melatonin may regulate eye pigmentation in vertebrates.
116 citations
TL;DR: Technical details on the transplantation of the embryonic neural tissues in the brains of the neonatal and adult rats are presented and conditions determining successful or leading to unsuccessful survival, growth and differentiation are critically examined.
Abstract: Various technical details on the transplantation of the embryonic neural tissues in the brains of the neonatal and adult rats are presented. Conditions determining successful or leading to unsuccessful survival, growth and differentiation of these transplants are critically examined.
105 citations
TL;DR: Vasopressin was found to be an effective antipyretic when it was perfused through discrete regions of the brain of the sheep.
Abstract: Vasopressin was found to be an effective antipyretic when it was perfused through discrete regions of the brain of the sheep.
96 citations
TL;DR: Ketoconazole was highly effective against artificial systemic candidosis of the guinea-pig and chicken as well as against dermatophytoses of the Guinea-Pig.
Abstract: Oral treatment with ketoconazole prevented and cured artificial crop candidosis of the turkey, vaginal candidosis of the rat and skin candidosis of the guinea-pig. It was also highly effective against artificial systemic candidosis of the guinea-pig and chicken as well as against dermatophytoses of the guinea-pig.
90 citations
TL;DR: Internal Ba2+ blocks both the Ca-dependent component, as well as the voltage- dependent component of the K+ current in molluscan pacemaker neurons.
Abstract: Internal Ba2+ blocks both the Ca-dependent component, as well as the voltage-dependent component of the K+ current in molluscan pacemaker neurons.
86 citations
TL;DR: The injection of ACTH 1–24 into the cerebral ventricles in rats markedly reduces the reaction time in the hotplate test and the nociception threshold in the tail-stimulation test, and it is proposed that ACTH peptides play a physiological role in nocICEption.
Abstract: The injection of ACTH 1--24 into the cerebral ventricles in rats markedly reduces the reaction time in the hot-plate test and the nociception threshold in the tail-stimulation test. Morphine antagonizes and naloxone potentiates this hyperalgesic effect of ACTH. It is proposed that ACTH peptides play a physiological role in nociception.
85 citations
TL;DR: The disulfide contents of human sperm heads, as measured by reduction to the sulfhydryls and subsequent alkylation with14C-iodoacetamide, increase about 2-fold during the sperm passage from the caput to caudal epididymides.
Abstract: The disulfide contents of human sperm heads, as measured by reduction to the sulfhydryls and subsequent alkylation with14C-iodoacetamide, increase about 2-fold during the sperm passage from the caput to caudal epididymides Majority of the increased disulfides reside in the human protamine fractions
85 citations
TL;DR: The uptake of neutral red into the renin-containing juxtaglomerular granules does not inhibit the release of renin either in basal or in stimulated states of renIn secretion.
Abstract: The uptake of neutral red into the renin-containing juxtaglomerular granules does not inhibit the release of renin either in basal or in stimulated states of renin secretion. The vasodilating effect of neutral red may be due to a non-specific binding to noradrenaline-receptors in the vascular smooth muscle cells.
82 citations
TL;DR: Plasma and serum of humans or experimental animals contain a factor which destabilizes F-actin, and after incubation with F- actin does not modify the position of the actin band on a SDS polyacrylamide gel, Hence it probably depolymerizes F -actin.
Abstract: Plasma and serum of humans or experimental animals contain a factor which destabilizes F-actin. The factor has no DNAse or thrombin activity and after incubation with F-actin does not modify the position of the actin band on a SDS polyacrylamide gel. Hence it probably depolymerizes F-actin.
TL;DR: Silybin (I), silydianin (II) and, silychristin (III), the main constituents, of silymarin, non-competitively inhibit the lipoxygenase from soybeans (EC 1.13.11.12) in vitro.
Abstract: Silybin (I), silydianin (II) and, silychristin (III), the main constituents, of silymarin, non-competitively inhibit the lipoxygenase from soybeans (EC 1.13.11.12) in vitro.
TL;DR: The gynogenetic offspring of the hybrid frogRana esculenta (R. ridibunda x R. lessonae) are exclusively of theridibunda type, due to the premeiotic exclusion of thelessonae genome from the hybrid's germ cells.
Abstract: The gynogenetic offspring of the hybrid frogRana esculenta (R. ridibunda x R. lessonae) are exclusively of theridibunda type. This is due to the premeiotic exclusion of thelessonae genome from the hybrid's germ cells.
TL;DR: Examination of D. brownii, a stock-poison of Western Canada, revealed that the principal toxin was methyllycaconitine: a potent neuromuscular blocking agent which appears to act competitively at nicotinic receptors.
Abstract: Examination of D. brownii, a stock-poison of Western Canada, revealed that the principal toxin was methyllycaconitine: a potent neuromuscular blocking agent which appears to act competitively at nicotinic receptors.
TL;DR: The phenylpropylamine fraction ofatha edulis FORSK grown in Kenya has been investigated and quantitative ratios of 1, 2, 3 in tissues of different age are discussed.
Abstract: The phenylpropylamine fraction ofCatha edulis FORSK. grown in Kenya has been investigated. The major components have been found to be (S)-(−)-α-aminopropiophenone (1), (+)-norpseudoephedrine (2) and(−)-norephedrine (3). Quantitative ratios of1, 2, 3 in tissues of different age are discussed.
TL;DR: In male Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) short photoperiods with additional 1- or 5-min light-pulses 8 h after light-off were as effective in stimulating testicular recrudescence, increase in body weight and moult into summer pelage.
Abstract: In male Djungarian hamsters (Phodopus sungorus) short photoperiods (L/D 8/16) with additional 1- or 5-min light-pulses 8 h after light-off were as effective as long photoperiods (L/D 16/8) in stimulating testicular recrudescence, increase in body weight and moult into summer pelage. The results are discussed with regard to the hypothesis that the pattern of melatonin release from the pineal gland is important in mediating photoperiodic effects in mammals.
TL;DR: Isothiocyanates react with deprotonated SH groups of investigated compounds to give the esters of N-monosubstituted dithiocarbamic acid, dependent on the pKaSH values.
Abstract: Isothiocyanates react with deprotonated SH groups of investigated compounds to give the esters of N-monosubstituted dithiocarbamic acid. In the presence of the SH and NH2 groups (Cys, GSH), isothiocyanates react primarily with the SH groups. The reactions are dependent on the pKaSH values.
TL;DR: Partial immunity against the bites of ♀♀I.
Abstract: Partial immunity against the bites of ♀♀I. ricinus was transferred to normal rabbits by inoculating immune serum from resistant animals. Transferred humoral factors diminished the weight f the ticks' blood meal by 29% and increased the feeding period by about 1 day in comparison with ectoparasites engorged on controls. They provoked also the failure of egg laying by ♀♀I. ricinus. Only 55% of ticks fed on treated rabbits laid eggs (94% on controls). The immunological state of immune serum donors or recipients was studied and the IgG and homocytotropic specific anti-I. ricinus antibodies were identified. The immediate hypersensitivity of rabbits' skin was also controlled.
TL;DR: The range of (presumed) polyketide constituents in comatalid crinoids has been extended to include bianthronyls, meso-naphthodianthrones and sulphate esters of various of the polyketides.
Abstract: The range of (presumed) polyketide constituents in comatalid crinoids has been extended to include bianthronyls, meso-naphthodianthrones and sulphate esters of various of the polyketides. Several species of fish are deterred from eating food by the inclusion in it of these sulphates at the concentration found in crinoids. Sodium 2-hydroxy-anthraquinone sulphate and anthraquinone-2-suphonate were also active as antifeedants for the species tested.
TL;DR: The present results, using isolated rat aortic strips and portal vein segments, demonstrate that ethanol significantly inhibits calcium uptake in these different types of vascular smooth muscle.
Abstract: The present results, using isolated rat aortic strips and portal vein segments, demonstrate that ethanol (170–430 mM) significantly inhibits calcium uptake in these 2 different types of vascular smooth muscle.
TL;DR: A higher susceptibility to the agent and a lower recovering ability of the nerve elements might be responsible for intestinal aganglionosis produced by serosal application of 0.1% benzalkonium solution to the colon of the rat.
Abstract: Intestinal aganglionosis produced by serosal application of 0.1% benzalkonium solution to the colon of the rat was studied electronmicroscopically, and it was concluded that a higher susceptibility to the agent and a lower recovering ability of the nerve elements might be responsible for the phenomenon.
TL;DR: Precocene II causes an irreversible regression of corpora allata in young 4th instar nymphs of the migratory locust and cell fragments are subsequently phagocytosed by haemocytes.
Abstract: Precocene II causes an irreversible regression of corpora allata in young 4th instar nymphs of the migratory locust. Within 2 h after application, the cells collapse. Cell fragments are subsequently phagocytosed by haemocytes.
TL;DR: In dendrites of the substantia nigra neurones the monoamine marker 5-hydroxydopamine injected intracerebrally was localized inside of smooth endoplasmic reticulum cisterns, opening the possibility of the existence of an alternative site for dopamine storage in dendrite as opposed to the well-known vesicular storage.
Abstract: In dendrites of the substantia nigra neurones the monoamine marker 5-hydroxydopamine injected intracerebrally was localized inside of smooth endoplasmic reticulum cisterns. This observation opens the possibility of the existence of an alternative site for dopamine storage in dendrites as opposed to the well-known vesicular storage.
TL;DR: Analysis by high performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography indicate that Ecdysterone is the most prominent ecdysteroid in male flies.
Abstract: Male adult blowflies contain ecdysteroids. A considerable amount of ecdysteroid is concentrated in the testes and gives rise to a high local concentration. Analysis by high performance liquid chromatography and thin-layer chromatography indicate that ecdysterone is the most prominent ecdysteroid in male flies. The results can explain several hormone-dependant processes.
TL;DR: At high infusion rates the cholestatic effects of the bile salts were revealed and the relative toxicity of thebile salts was seen to be TDC>TCDC >TC.
Abstract: In rats, at low infusion rates taurocholate (TC), taurochenodeoxycholate (TCDC) and taurodeoxycholate (TCD) each produced an increase in bile flow of 20-50%. However, at high infusion rates (5-20 mumoles min-1kg-1) the cholestatic effects of the bile salts were revealed and the relative toxicity of the bile salts was seen to be TDC greater than TCDC greater than TC.
TL;DR: Electrical responses of the retinas of 4 species of microchiropteran bats stimulated by spectrally restricted light flashes were found to diverge systematically from the rhodopsin absorption spectrum.
Abstract: Electrical responses of the retinas of 4 species of microchiropteran bats stimulated by spectrally restricted light flashes were found to diverge systematically from the rhodopsin absorption spectrum. The divergence was progressively greater across the 4 species. The results appeared explainable by assuming a second photoreceptor class and photopigment which was present in progressively greater numbers in the retinas ofEptesicus fuscus, Desmodus rotundus, Artibeus jamaicensis andCarollia perspicillata.
TL;DR: The soil fumigant 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (I) undergoes hydrolysis in the rat to a series of epoxide metabolites which produce the male antifertility agents and oxidatively metabolized to oxalic acid, thus causing renal damage.
Abstract: The soil fumigant 1,2-dibromo-3-chloropropane (I) undergoes hydrolysis in the rat to a series of epoxide metabolites. Alkylation of glutathione by these epoxides produces 2 urinary metabolites identified as the mercapturic acids VI (R=COCH3) and VII (R=COCH3). Hydrolysis of the epoxides produces the male antifertility agentsa-chlorohydrin (IX, X=Cl) anda-bromohydrin (IX, X=Br) which are oxidatively metabolized to oxalic acid (XII), thus causing renal damage. These metabolic pathways can explain the toxic nature of the fumigant as a carcinogen, a male chemosterilant and as an agent causing kidney damage.
TL;DR: Turkey antral extracts contain factors distinguishable in immunochemical and gel filtration properties from the mammalian forms of gastrin and CCK.
Abstract: Extracts of turkey brain and jejunum contain a factor closely resembling the COOH-terminal octapeptide of porcine cholecystokinin (CCK). Turkey antral extracts contain factors distinguishable in immunochemical and gel filtration properties from the mammalian forms of gastrin and CCK. *** DIRECT SUPPORT *** A2025089 00007
TL;DR: Using an α-endorphin antiserum in brain and infra-œsophageal ganglions of Dendrobaena (Lumbricidae), positive immunoreaction was found in 4 cells of the infra’sophages: a pair of conic perikarya in the anterior region and two pear-shaped elements close to the origin of the last nerve of the ganglion.
Abstract: Using an α-endorphin antiserum in brain and infra-œsophageal ganglions ofDendrobaena (Lumbricidae), positive immunoreaction was found in 4 cells of the infra-oesophageal ganglions: a pair of conic perikarya in the anterior region and a pair of pear-shaped elements close to the origin of the last nerve of the ganglion. No reaction was observed with β-endorphin, or neurophysin or vasopressin antisera.
TL;DR: Results demonstrate that Cd++ exposure alters the immune system of mice and in vitro enhanced response to T and B cell mitogens is shown.
Abstract: Chronic oral exposure of mice to Cd++ inhibits cell-mediated immunity of delayed type hypersensitivity induced by sheep red blood cells (SRBC). No effect was detected on humoral immune response to SRBC. Spleen cells derived from mice exposed to Cd++ showed in vitro enhanced response to T and B cell mitogens. These results demonstrate that Cd++ exposure alters the immune system of mice.