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Showing papers in "Chemical Engineering Journal in 1991"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an alternative procedure is described for the back extraction, using the effect of temperature, after the reversed micellar phase has been saturated with the aqueous phase during the forward extraction, after it has been formed in which most of the enzyme is concentrated.

60 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the kinetics of carbon formation from CH4-H2 mixtures diluted with N2 on a steam reforming catalyst of Ni/Al2O3-CaO were studied in the temperature range 838-938 K at atmospheric pressure.

54 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the reaction of HCl gas with fully calcined commercial limestone particles was carried out experimentally using a thermorecording balance and the activation rates were found to be dependent on particle size with diffusional resistance increasing with particle size.

50 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the reaction of hydrogen chloride gas with calcined limestone was carried out experimentally using a thermorecording balance and the reaction was found to be first order in the absence of internal diffusion.

49 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Experiments with a commercially available pilot plant plate-and-frame pervaporation module are described in this article for the separation of alcohols from aqueous molecules in alcoholic fermentations.

48 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, denol degrading biofilms were grown on Celite diatomaceous earth particles in three-phase fluidized beds, and investigations were undertaken to establish the existence of denol degradation.

43 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The apparent yield stress, a rheological property important in determining the extent of mixing in xanthan fermentations as well as the suspending abil, was measured in this paper.

38 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a physical model for heat transfer between the heating plate and the tray containing the product, based on Knudsen conduction in a thin lay, was proposed.

34 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a column of 0.3m diameters is filled with 0.025m glass Raschig rings and the viscosity is varied by varying the amt. of Na alginate, glycerol, or polyethylene glycol in the water.

29 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a consistent methodology is given for particle trajectory and residence time calculations together with sample results for the partitioned-pipe mixer, and substantial differences in the calculated streamlines and in the residence time distribution compared with previous results.

27 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a simple equation is presented which estimates the cost of one sequence relative to that of another and which identifies the optimum sequence for examples which have been solved previously in the literature using other methods.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the rate of desorption of CO2 from aqueous potassium carbonate solutions in a glass wetted-wall column was measured and the kinetic and equili The values of the kinetic coefficient KR and the equilibrium coefficient Kp necessary for calculations of the mass transfer rates in th

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that a high productivity and a high substrate consumption should be associated with high substrate conversion in alcoholic fermentations, and that substrate conversion can be increased by in situ product recovery.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a comparative analysis between a Kuhni column and a pulsed sieve-plate column is presented, based on the description of the basic mechanisms of drop transport and drop breakage, which are sufficient for the prediction of the global behaviour of the columns, as long as coalescence can be neglected.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, experimental data on the pressure drop across different types of bend in the horizontal plane for non-newtonian pseudoplastic fluid in laminar flow is presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a transient method was used to determine the effective diffusion coefficient Deff of glucose and ethanol in a 3.5% calcium alginate matrix and the results showed that the method was effective for a variety of applications.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the gas solubilities C*, mass transfer coefficients kLa and volumetric mixing power input P*/VL were measured for hydrogen (1-55 bar), temperatures (328-428 K) and mixing speeds (13.3-20.0 Hz) in a four-liter gas-inducing agitated autoclave.

Journal ArticleDOI
John R. Bourne1, Marcel Lips1
TL;DR: In this paper, a semi-batch reactor operation with a single concentric feed tube, situated in grid turbulence, is considered, and the product distribution of four competitive-consecutive reactions is calculated by integrating three ordinary differential equations.


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, a tracer response was used to predict variations in flow regime, bed height and pressure drop with velocity in conical vessels, and the results showed that these variations can be well predicted by the proposed metho.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, phase diagrams are provided for two-aqueous phase systems based on polyethylene-glycol-FeSO4-water andpolyethylene glycol-Na2SO4 -water for biomolecules extraction.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An investigation of the effect of cadmium and zinc ions (both singly and together), at various concentrations, on the mean cell size and the size distribution of the alga Chlorella vulgaris found that the size data from all the experiments could best be described as a log-normal distribution rather than as a normal distribution.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of nitrogen sparging on the rate of solid-liquid mass transfer at a single sphere placed in a shallow bubble column was studied by measuring the diffusion-controlled dissolution of copper spheres in acidified chromate solution.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the results of the numerical analysis of the aerodynamic model of gas-solid flow in injectors for both single-size particles and a mixture are presentede The theoretical pressure distributions along the axis in the respective parts of the injector (nozzle, mixing tube, diffuser and pipe section) are foun to be in agreement with the experimental data of Bohnet and Wagenknecht and the data of Hutt at the assumed values of the energy transformation coefficients.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, an empirical radial distribution function was developed based on the experimental V-T and viscosity data for the calculation of the viscosities of non-polar liquids, including heavy hydrocarbons.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, the authors show that large errors affect the apparent values of kLa and OUR as determined by conventional dynamic methods in respiring broths, and they predict that a simple correction procedure is applicable, if the residual gas holdup of small bubbles is approximately permanent in the time scale of the dynamic experiment and if equilibrium with the liquid may be accepted.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this article, three heat transfer probes (external diameter 19.0, 31.8 and 50.8 mm) axially located in a 0.108 m internal diameter bubble column were used to measure nitrogen-Therminol-magnetite system.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, the effect of the static liquid height, nozzle diameter and superficial gas velocities on gas hold-up was studied in a two-dimensional spouted bed with a single-nozzle gas sparger.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, a fungal sterol, identified as the major component in the extract, was found to disturb the defensive mechanism in rice seedlings and the physicochemical and spectral characteristics of this sterol were established.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In this paper, an acrylamide production from acrylonitrile has been carried out in a specially designed fluidized bed reactor using immobilized cells of Brevibacterium sp A4 entrapped in modified barium alginate beads.