Showing papers in "Chemical Engineering Science in 1982"

TL;DR: In this article, a cubic equation of state for pure fluids is presented, which requires the critical temperature and pressure, as well as two additional parameters to characterize each particular fluid, and these parameters have been evaluated by minimizing deviations in saturated liquid densities while simultaneously satisfying the equality of fugacities along the saturation curve.

TL;DR: In this paper, the first of a set of three review papers on the flow of granular materials is presented, where the experimental results for hopper discharge rates and the correlations of these results are discussed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the hydrodynamic, heat and mass transfer characteristics of mechanically agitated contactors have been critically reviewed and the mixing time (θmix) can be correlated well by a model based on circulation path and average circulation velocity.

TL;DR: In this paper, the experimental results compare resonably well with the theoretical model for the prediction of flow pattern in vertical downward flow, and theoretically based transition criteria for the flow pattern are presented.

TL;DR: In this paper, the bifurcation behavior of a tubular reaction with axial dispersion is analyzed and the influence of the Lewis and Peclet numbers is investigated. But it is shown that oscillations due to interaction of dispersion and reaction effects should not exist in fixed bed reactors and moreover, should only occur in very short “empty” tubular reactors.

TL;DR: In this paper, the flow pattern transition for gas liquid flow in pipes for downward 0-90° inclination was studied and mathematical models were developed to predict the flow patterns in the whole range of downward inclination.

TL;DR: In this article, the dynamic behavior of an isothermal biological CSTR modelled by idealized cell and substrate balance equations has been investigated theoretically in terms of multiplicity and stability of steady states and existence and stability character of limit cycles.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors derived equations to describe the evaporation of moisture from a single, isolated spherical droplet containing colloidal material to yield a solid particle which may be hollow.

TL;DR: In this paper, the maximal number of steady-state solutions of a lumped parameter system in which several chemical reactions occur simultaneously is determined, and the method can predict also the different types of diagrams describing the dependence of a state variable of the reactor on a design or operating variable.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors reviewed the performance of sieve tray performance with reference to flow regimes and recently released commercial scale experimental data and found that flow regimes appeared to have a dominant effect on nearly all of the performance variables.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured bubble size distributions in bubble column by a photoelectric probe and showed that both electrolyte and organic solutes affect coalescence behaviour of aqueous solutions drastically within a narrow concentration range, changing from quick coalescence as in pure water to coalescence restraining.

TL;DR: In this paper, the percolation threshold of material is defined as the volume, area, cell, or cell-wall fraction below which material exists only in isolated clusters of cells and walls.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the volume fraction of the lighter component in the lower layer is constant regardless of the bulk bed composition, and that layer inversion occurs for a given particle mixture when the liquid velocity passes through a value at which the volume of the thinner component in lower layer becomes equal to the larger component in upper layer.

TL;DR: A design approach is proposed which considers economic and dynamic aspects simultaneously and optimisation of dynamic behaviour is achieved by a bounding technique based on Lagrangian theory taking advantage of the typical modular structure of processing installations.

TL;DR: In this paper, an analysis of the situation wherein plateau border walls have velocities, as decided by the surface viscosity of the system, is presented, where the plateau border is idealized as a pipe of equilateral triangular cross-section with vertices of the triangle having zero velocity.

TL;DR: In this article, an efficient design procedure is developed to yield resilient designs which handle fluctuations within the condition of maximum energy efficiency, and a control structure and operating policy are developed to adjust flow distributions in the network to meet temperature constraints with minimum utility usage.

TL;DR: In this paper, an approximate analytical expression for the enhancement factor for absorption with a reversible chemical reaction which is second-order in each direction, with corresponding stoichiometry and equal diffusivities of reactants, using the Danckwerts model of mass transfer is derived.

TL;DR: In this paper, the first step in the search for a general rule to predict the reaction mechanism in heterogeneous catalysis, based on the mode of the transient response curves of products caused by the concentration jump of the reactants.

TL;DR: In this paper, the Gibbs and Rowe model of a gas fluidised bed containing two particulate species is made deterministic by linking them to the physics of the bubbling bed and the particle properties.

TL;DR: In this article, analytical solutions for three types of configuration are presented: batch, packed tube and radial-flow adsorbers, and experiments using bifunctional resin in saline solutions are used to test the theoretical predictions for batch and packed tube systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, a commercial reforming PtAl2O3 catalyst was studied in a tubular reactor, where the reaction rate equations of the Hougen-Watson type correspond to a bifunctional mechanism.

TL;DR: In this article, a set of typical components of the vector of objective functionals for copolymerization reactor problems are selected for detailed examination employing multiobjective function optimization techniques, and non-inferior, or Pareto, sets of optimal solutions have been determined for the dual objectives of narrowing bothcopolymer composition and molecular weight distributions in the styrene-acrylonitrile system.

TL;DR: In this article, the surface viscoelasticity and elasticity of multiscale solutions of mixed surfactants were determined using the longitudinal wave technique combined with tracer particle measurements.

TL;DR: In this article, a model based on momentum balance over particles has been developed to translate pressure drop and solids velocities data into an expression for particle-particle interaction.

TL;DR: In this paper, it was shown that multiple steady state solutions are not exhibited by either binary homogeneous distillations in a multistage CMO column or multicomponent homogeneous distributions in a single stage CMO (flash distillation) column.

TL;DR: In this paper, an expression for the segregating particle velocities has been derived, starting from two-phase flow momentum equations, and with this expression the non-equilibrium behaviour of a binary particle mixture has been analyzed.

TL;DR: In this paper, a study of the kinetics of absorption of oxygen in aqueous solutions of sodium sulphide was carried out in stirred contactors with plane interface of 14.5 cm i.d. at temperatures of 80° to 150°C and a total pressure of 1.5 to 9.5 atm, with or without fine activated carbon particles (average particle size 1.7 and 4.33 microns; 0.01 to 2.0% w/w loading) as a catalyst.

TL;DR: By using a matched asymptotic expansion technique, the shrinking core model (SCM) used in non-catalytic gas solid reactions with general kinetic expression is rigorously justified in this article.