Showing papers in "Chemical Engineering Science in 1985"

TL;DR: Techniques which have been used to immobilize whole cells include adsorption, aggregation, confinement and entrapment, and many more have been proposed.

TL;DR: In this paper, the spatial averaging theorem is presented directly rather than as an appendage of the general transport theorem, in order to clarify in what sense the theorem is an "approximation".

TL;DR: In this paper, a review of crystallizer performance from a reaction engineering viewpoint is presented, focusing on the interaction between crystallizer fluid mechanics and residence time distributions with the physical chemistry of nucleaton and growth kinetics.

TL;DR: In this paper, the pressure drop correlation was proposed on the basis of theoretical considerations and compared with published experimental results obtained from high voidage fixed beds of spheres and is shown to represent a significant improvement over the established Ergun equation, which is used to produce drag coefficient correlations for individual particles in the bed which in turn yield a general and fully predictive expression for the drag force on a particle in a fluidized suspension.

TL;DR: In this article, the volume averaging method is applied to the process of transient heat conduction in two-and three-phase systems, and a closure scheme is developed that allows for direct determination of the thermal conductivity tensor.

TL;DR: In this paper, the role of adosrbed surface films is discussed, and it is deduced that drop break-up involves an interface from which the adsorbed surface film is removed.

TL;DR: In this article, the dynamic behavior of fluidized bed reactors for ethylene and propylene polymerization is studied through detailed modelling and simulation both static and Hopf bifurcation behavior is observed and can lead to temperature runaway if special care is not taken in start-up and in normal operation.

TL;DR: In this paper, the kinetics of hydrate formation after commencement of nucleation were studied at temperatures from 274 to 282 K over a pressure range of 0.6-2.6 MPa.

TL;DR: In this article, a methode permet de calculer tres simplement la perte de charge for les liquides non elastiques, which permet of calculing trees simplement de charge.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors extend the concept of dynamic resilience to right-half-plane-transmission zeroes and provide quantitative measures of how the location of the zero affects the achieveable performance for both single and multiple input systems.

TL;DR: In this paper, a study of liquid circulation in a draft-tube bubble column (250 mm diameter, 60l. capacity) using a flow-follower technique is reported, and it was observed that annulus liquid circulation velocity increased to a maximum with air flowrate and a maximum in the volumetric liquid circulation rate occurred at a tube: column diameter ratio of about 0.5.

TL;DR: In this article, data on flow pattern transitions are presented for upward gas-liquid flow in pipes at inclination angles from 0-90°. Mathematical models previously presented for vertical and horizontal configurations are now extended to cover the full range of pipe inclinations.

TL;DR: In this paper, simple procedures are developed to determine how deadtime affects the best response achievable by a multivariable system, and the results can serve as the basis of an evaluation procedure for designs according to their operability characteristics (dynamic resilience).

TL;DR: In this article, two versions of the pressure swing adsorption process are analyzed as a means for purification of the light component of a binary feed of arbitrary composition, and the results of the analysis show that a critical pressure ratio must be exceeded before complete purification is possible and that this pressure ratio increases as the lightcomponent content of the feed decreases.

TL;DR: In this paper, the apparent porosity of suspensions was introduced, on the basis of which equations have been developed that are capable of predicting the settling velocities of individual types of particles in a suspension containing mixtures of particles.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors measured the dispersion parameters of large industrial columns and found that the liquid axial dispersion coefficient appears to be linearly dependent upon column radial dimension, and confirmed that the axial density of mineral particles is the same as that of liquid, and that the residence time of solid particles is unaffected by bubble swarm.

TL;DR: In this paper, a linear relation between the gas flow number Fl and the Froude number Fr describes the onset of flooding in a Rushton turbine operating in a gas-liquid system.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors make use of a network model of pore topology, a Bethe lattice, to simulate pore space related properties in porous solids, allowing an exact evaluation of effective transport coefficients for binary mixtures, without resorting to tortuosity factors.

TL;DR: The method of Kalman filtering has been used to obtain on-line state estimates of a batch styrene polymerization reactor as mentioned in this paper, where the temperatures of the plant and the refractive index of the reaction mixture are given as measurement signals to a Kalman filter realized in a process computer.

TL;DR: In this article, a Resilience Index (RI) is defined to quantify the ability of a heat exchanger network to cope with inlet and target temperature changes, and a simple physical approach and a more accurate numerical algorithm for the calculation of the RI are presented.

TL;DR: A general mathematical model for the rates of adsorption of solutes from a liquid by porous solids in a batch system has been derived in this article, which includes external mass transfer, pore volume accumulation and diffusion, adsorbing using nonlinear isotherms, and surface diffusion.

TL;DR: In this paper, a physical model for the prediction of the minimum stable slug length in vertical and horizontal slug flows is presented, which is based on a new concept of recurrent relaxation of the wall boundary layer at the slug front and its redevelopment at slug back.

TL;DR: In this paper, the kinetics of the reaction of carbon dioxide in MDEA solutions were studied both experimentally and theoretically, and it was concluded that MDEAs act as a homogeneous catalyst for CO2 hydrolysis, and as a result the rate of absorption in aqueous MDEa solutions is significantly larger than one would calculate by simply taking into account the alkalinity of reaction.

TL;DR: Experiments have been done on the de-aeration characteristics of 18 powders with mean sizes of 3-125 μm and densities 364-5000 kg m−3 as mentioned in this paper.

TL;DR: In this article, a thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA) was used to study the reaction between SO 2 and calcium oxide, produced from calcining reagent grade calcium hydroxide.

TL;DR: In this paper, an orthogonal collocation method is given for rapid simulation of multistage separation schemes, where the grid points for each multi-stage module are selected by a stagewise least squares criterion.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of micromixing limits on a process involving elementary chemical reaction and subsequent crystallization is considered, and the sensitivity of the two models to the reaction rate constant and the nucleation kinetic parameters is explored.

TL;DR: In this article, the separation of an aqueous mixture of fructose and glucose has been carried out in a simulated moving bed counter-current adsorption system, operated in a manner similar to the UOP “Sorbex” process.

TL;DR: In this article, the results of an experimental study of a simulated counter-current adsorption system for separation of glucose-fructose mixtures are presented, under a wide range of conditions, and it is shown that the behaviour of the system, under steady state conditions, may be well described in terms of an equivalent countercurrent flow system.

TL;DR: In this article, the compilation of a data bank containing 2762 experimental flooding data points and the use of this data bank to test a total of 22 flooding correlations were used to predict the most accurate prediction of flooding conditions.