Showing papers in "Chemical Engineering Science in 2012"

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors proposed and demonstrated the effectiveness of an economic model predictive control (MPC) technique in reducing energy and demand costs for building heating, ventilating and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.

TL;DR: In this article, the top surface of polysulfone (PSf) substrates were modified by a novel bio-inspired polymer polydopamine (PDA) through the oxidant-induced dopamine polymerization in a Trisbuffer solution at pH=8.5 in air, over which m-phenylenediamine (MPD) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC) were employed as the monomers for the interfacial polymerization reaction to form a polyamide rejection layer.

TL;DR: In this paper, the heat and mass transfer characteristics of the magnetohydrodynamic nanofluids flow over a permeable stretching/shrinking surface are investigated, and the hydrodynamic and thermal slip conditions are accounted for.

TL;DR: In this article, the performance of two gas/liquid contact modes was evaluated in relation to the rate of gas hydrate formation, and the results showed that the higher rate of hydrates formation in the fixed bed column is significantly greater and thereby resulted in a higher percent of water conversion to hydrate in lesser reaction time for all the systems studied.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors present an optimization study of the net present value of a biomass-to-ethanol supply chain in a 9-state region in the Midwestern United States.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors investigated droplet formation and breakup dynamics in either dripping or jetting regimes in microfluidic flow-focusing devices and found that the most unstable instability is related to the viscosity ratio of both phases and is almost independent on the flow rate ratio.

TL;DR: In this article, a thermal energy storage (TES) unit is used in a parabolic trough concentrated solar power (CSP) system to control power output in addition to collector outlet temperature.

TL;DR: In this paper, the boundary condition at the surface of the particles at the level of the discrete momentum and thermal energy equations of the fluid is incorporated with a second-order method.

TL;DR: The proposed NKGMM approach outperforms the ICA and GMM methods in early detection of process faults, minimization of false alarms, and isolation of faulty variables of nonlinear and non-Gaussian multimode processes.

TL;DR: In this article, the evaporation of water sessile droplets on hydrophobised silicon wafers and Teflon was analyzed from theoretical and experimental perspectives using tensiometry.

TL;DR: In this article, the mechanism of droplet formation in immiscible liquid/liquid T-junction system has been studied numerically and analytically, and different droplet stream patterns such as long slugs, small spheres, stable stream connected to a jet and finally parallel flow are observed, which are conventionally called squeezing, dripping and jetting regimes appearing under appropriate numerical setups.

TL;DR: In this paper, a continuous processing of poly(lactic acid) foams with a microcellular structure, a high expansion ratio, and varied microcell morphology and crystallinity is reported.

TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive review is presented for application of membranes for light olefin/paraffin separation, which includes various conventional liquid membranes configurations, membrane contactors and more advanced solid membrane electrolytes.

TL;DR: In this article, the effect of the operating conditions, such as the feed temperature, flow velocity on both the hot and cold sides and the concentration of the feed solution, was investigated.

TL;DR: In this paper, an evaluation of several breakage rates from the literature based on single drop experiments was carried out, which led to an improved breakage time model, which took into account different breakage mechanisms and the influence of viscosity and interfacial tension.

TL;DR: In this paper, the effects of incorporating methanol as a non-solvent additive and self-synthesized fluorinated silica (FSi) particles as a hydrophobic modifier on the resultant membrane morphology and MD performance were investigated.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors investigated the volume dependency of the MSZW both experimentally and theoretically, and showed that the maximum MSZ width is not a reproducible point at small volumes but a spread which increases roughly inversely proportional to the volume.

TL;DR: In this paper, the authors presented a calculation model of the carbonator, the key reactor of the Ca-looping process, where CO2 is captured as a result of its reaction with CaO.

TL;DR: Yang et al. as discussed by the authors investigated the effects of packing form and particle shape on the macroscopic hydrodynamic and heat transfer characteristics in some novel structured packed beds, where the packings of ellipsoidal or non-uniform spherical particles are investigated for the first time with experiments and some important results are obtained.

TL;DR: In this article, the MP-PIC combined with the EMMS drag model can successfully simulate the fluidized flows in CFB risers and it serves as a candidate to realize real-time simulation of industrial processes in the future.

TL;DR: In this paper, a multidimensional population balance model is proposed to describe the interactions between the continuous liquid phase and the gas bubbles, as well as the interactions among different gas bubbles (e.g., coalescence and break-up), both in terms of momentum and mass coupling.

TL;DR: In this paper, a mixture of active CaO and inert support materials was used to construct CaO-based CO 2 sorbents derived from various calcium and aluminum precursors and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and N 2 adsorption-desorption techniques.

TL;DR: In this paper, a two-and four-bed PSA process with layered beds packed with zeolite 5A and activated carbon was applied for coal gas with relatively low H 2 concentrations (H 2 /CO 2 /CH 4 /CO/N 2 ).

TL;DR: In this article, a comprehensive frictional-kinetic model for collisional and frictional gas-particle flows is presented, where the model treats gas and particles as a continuum and the kinetic-collisional stresses are closed using kinetic theory of granular flows (KTGF).

TL;DR: In this article, a continuous species transfer (CST) method is proposed for species transfer across fluid interfaces of arbitrary morphology in free-surface flows at high viscosity and density ratios.

TL;DR: In this article, a strategy to convert lignocellulosic biomass into liquid hydrocarbon fuels is presented. And the economic potential of this approach, a process synthesis effort supported by detailed process simulation and capital/operational cost calculations has been undertaken.

TL;DR: In this article, the hydrodynamic behavior of gas-solid flow is investigated in a 2D bubbling fluidized bed reactor filled with 530μm particles using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD).

TL;DR: Direct numerical simulation for gas-solid flow is implemented on a multi-scale supercomputing system-Mole-8.5 featuring massive parallel GPU-CPU hybrid computing, for which the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) is deployed together with the immersed moving boundary (IMB) method and discrete element method (DEM).

TL;DR: In this paper, the structural properties and catalytic functionality of two different morphologies of unsupported MoS 2 catalysts were investigated systematically, and the effect of the catalyst structure on the hydrogenolysis and hydrogenation activity and selectivity was examined.

TL;DR: In this article, the effects of extensional strain and strain rates on the foamability of PS-Talc composite were investigated in situ for PS-talc composites with different surface treatment, size, and weight content of talc under extensional stress.