Showing papers in "Chemico-Biological Interactions in 1974"

TL;DR: The findings suggest that this simple and safe form of medication is of definite value in the palliation of terminal cancer and should be employed as a standard supportive measure to reinforce established methods of treatment in the general management of earlier and more favorable cases.

TL;DR: The potential value of ascorbic acid in the supportive treatment of cancer is a matter for urgent study at many levels and offers the promise of general improvement in the results of cancer management.

TL;DR: These studies seem to indicate that although qualitative differences between hepatic monooxygenase systems in man and laboratory animals may exist, available evidence suggests that many essential differences are only quantitative in nature.

TL;DR: Chlorpromazine and imipramine are shown to be reversibly bound to liver microsomes and mitochondria, revealing regular Scatchard-type binding with two classes of binding sites—one site of high affinity/low capacity and the second site of low affinity/high capacity.

TL;DR: Isotope effects of ∼2 have been found for the O-demethylation of p-nitroanisole, p-methoxyacetanilide, and p-dimethoxybenzene and the respective trideuteromethyl derivatives, when mediated by rat liver microsomes.

TL;DR: Biphenyl and all the Aroclors caused the same degree of enhancement of BSP-GSH conjugating enzyme and p -nitrophenol UDPglucuronyl transferase activities were measured in young Wistar male rats which had received intraperitoneal injections.

TL;DR: A correlation showing the dependency of the observed biological activity (LC50) of a series of phenols to the free energy related terms, π, F and R (field and resonance), which are specific for each compound, has been observed for the freshwater invertebrate, Daphnia magna.

TL;DR: Using octanol/water partition coefficients as an operational definition of hydrophobicity, 70 examples are given in which the hydrophobic interactions of organic compounds with themselves (in micelles with macromolecules or with biological systems) can be quantitatively correlated by the expression log RBR = a log P + b.

TL;DR: The methylating capability of dichlorvos is less, by a factor of 10 to 100, than that of strongly genotoxic methylating compounds.

TL;DR: There was a steady increase in lung demethylase activity and N-oxidase activity in the liver and lung to adult levels, however, the liver demethyl enzyme had a sharp increase in activity between 2 weeks and 1 month much like that seen with benzphetamine dem methylase in rabbit liver.

TL;DR: The rate of autoxidation of 4-dimethylaminophenol was found to be much lower that the rate of oxidation of 3-dimethylquinonimine, and the structure of the yellow dye, which is produced also by oxidation of the purple dye with hydrogen peroxide, was not proved unequivocally.

TL;DR: It is concluded that, under conditions used, the inhibition is predominantly due to the interaction of the drug with the template DNA, and the extent of inhibition depends on base composition and on the secondary structure of the DNA.

TL;DR: The pattern of hydroxylation products from n -hexane changes significantly upon pretreatment of the animals, suggesting that a qualitative alteration in the cytochrome P450 species had occurred.

TL;DR: The overall extents of methylation achieved in cells were small, but in E.coli cells specific excision of the minor product was indicated, and 3-methyladenine, the principal minor product in methylated DNA apart from 7-methylguanine, was not detected.

TL;DR: Inhibition of DNA replication and DNA repair was a general effect exhibited by the compounds which bind to DNA, however, only some of these compounds were able to induce repair.

TL;DR: The assumption that PCBs form a new type of inducer group in enhancing the microsomal drug biotransformation is supported, as both the monooxygenase complex and UDPglucuronosyltransferase differ in their properties after enhancement with the known types of inducers.

TL;DR: The results furnish the first direct evidence that these drugs may interact with plasma membranes, as well as the mechanism of the enzyme inhibitions, which are briefly discussed.

TL;DR: The most active compound on Ehrlich ascites, when tested for effects on the incorporation of labelled precursors in macromolecules shows a selective inhibition of leucine incorporation into proteins at therapeutically active doses.

TL;DR: The possible inter-relationships of nutrition and the metabolism of foreign compounds are an important consideration in view of the widespread recurrence of primary malnutrition in the developing countries, and of secondary malnutrition in certain disease states in more affluent societies.

TL;DR: N -Hydroxyphenacetin on acid treatment or after N -ester formation will react with methionine via N -acetyl- p -benzoquinoneimine (VI) to give 4-hydroxy-3-methyl-thioacetanilide, a new urinary metabolite of phenacetin.

TL;DR: A comparison is made between the binding of these dyes to purified DNA and to whole or partially deproteinized chromatin in order to investigate both the availability of DNA in chromatin and the localization of chromosomal proteins or the DNA backbone.

TL;DR: It is concluded that the released arenediazonium cation is most probably responsible for the convertogenic activity in yeast; metabolites, arising from hydroxylation of the methyl group, are essential for the mutagenic activity in Drosophila.

TL;DR: In vitro binding of 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene to replicating and non-replicating DNA of mouse skin epidermis was studied and BUdR substitution into replicating DNA was shown not to be a cause of reduced binding of DMBA.

TL;DR: The administration of lethal doses of TINO 3 to mice resulted in a reduced incorporation of amino acids into protein in vivo and a disaggregation of liver polyribosomes, suggesting that some particles had been persistently damaged.

TL;DR: The general conclusior to be drawn is that neither the metabolism of DMNA nor DNA methylation by this carcinogen in the livers of male GR and C3Hf male and female mice correlates With the formation of hepatomas after DMNA administration.

TL;DR: Overall thiol values and polyacrylamide gel patterns were very similar in these studies, but the components of the mixtures showed some quantitative changes, and SDS electrophoresis indicated that there was a very different distribution of thiol containing material in the molecular weight range of 36-72 kilodaltons.

TL;DR: Rats treated with methyl methanesulphonate excreted significantly higher quantities of deoxycytidine, thymidine, uracil, 1-methylnicotinamide and 1- methyl-6-pyridone-3-carboxylamide in their urine 0–24 h after MMS injection, but did not increase excretion of the nicotinamide derivatives.

TL;DR: Mass spectrometry has been used to investigate the interaction of a number of cis - and trans -Pt(amine) 2 Cl 2 complexes with nucleoside analogues but little evidence has been derived to confirm the structure of the linkage.

TL;DR: Following exposure to 0.3–3.0 ppb DDT, the livers of zebrafish and guppies were examined by electron microscopy and the relationship of these changes to the zebra fish's sensitivity and the guppy's tolerance to DDT is dicussed.

TL;DR: The relationships between the peroxidation of musomal lipids and the early liver damage have been investigated in rats pretreated with progressively higher doses of α-tocopherol (vit. E) and intoxicated with various amounts of carbon tetrachloride.