Showing papers in "Chemico-Biological Interactions in 1982"

TL;DR: Assessment of the binding affinities of 16 highly-purified, synthetic chlorinated biphenyl (PCB) congeners for the Ah receptor suggests that chemicals other than "pure MC-type' inducers can bind to the cytosolic receptor.

TL;DR: Conditions for the use of desferrioxamine as a probe for the role of iron salts in the formation of hydroxyl radicals in biochemical systems are discussed.

TL;DR: The view that naphthalene-induced pulmonary damage is mediated by the cytochrome P-450-dependent metabolism of naphhalene and that glutathione plays an important role in the detoxification of the lung damaging metabolite(s) is supported.

TL;DR: Thirty-nine allylic and non-allylic compounds tested in the standard 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine (NBP) alkylating procedure and the Salmonella typhimurium mutagenicity assay show that the overall correlation is not substantially improved above that of the standard procedure: nonetheless, additional information is obtained with some substances.

TL;DR: Results indicated thatGS-AFI was derived from reaction with NOF and that GS-AFII could be formed from bothNOF and N-HO-AF, and that a reaction scheme is proposed in which NOF reacts with GSH to form an intermediate addition product that can rearrange either to GS- AFI or be reduced to GS -AFII.

TL;DR: It is concluded that cisplatin reacts directly with ATPase rather than that a hydrolysis product is responsible for the inhibition, and that di-substituted methionine/cisplatin is less effective.

TL;DR: The reduced (dithiol) form of sporidesmin has been shown readily to undergo autoxidation in vitro in a reaction which generates superoxide radical (O2-), which is strongly catalysed by trace amounts of copper, although the reaction was inhibited at high concentrations of this metal.

TL;DR: The existence of a more critical cytotoxic lesion that was not detectable by alkaline elution, probably interstrand cross-links, suggests the existence of Resistance could be due to a differential removal of these lesions.

TL;DR: Second-order valence molecular connectivity indices were found to correlate extremely well with the BCFs in fish, obtained from the flowing water method, for various halocarbons (hydrocarbons, benzenes, biphenyls and diphenyloxides).

TL;DR: The data are interpreted to indicate that hydroquinone is a hemotoxic metabolite of benzene in mice in vivo, but that other metabolites, or benzene itself, also probably contribute to the toxicity.

TL;DR: Two biliary conjugates were identified as 1- and 3-(glutathion-S-yl)-N-acetyl-2-aminofluorene, respectively, which were formed in vivo from the highly reactive N-O-sulphate ester of N-OH-AAF (AAF-N-sULphate).

TL;DR: The quantitative results are interpreted to mean that DDA is formed by hydroxylation at the chlorinated sp3-side chain carbon of DDD to give 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)acetyl chloride (DDA-Cl), which in turn is hydrolyzed to DDA.

TL;DR: The results obtained with 3,4, 4'-tribromobiphenyl demonstrate that, in contrast to the polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), a single meta halogen substituent is sufficient to abolish the PB-type characteristics of 4,4'-dibromob Piphenyl and convert it to a strictly MC-type inducer.

TL;DR: It is concluded that it is not the absence of GSH which causes lipid peroxidation after chemically-induced GSH depletion but rather the interaction of the chemicals with the microsomal monoxygenase system.

TL;DR: Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI) anion gradually penetrated into bovine erythrocytes and bound with cytoplasmic components, unlike heavy metals such as Hg2+.

TL;DR: Protection by Se is shown against nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity of Cd on the 4th day of the commencement of Cc administration, but the signs of CD intoxication were observed on the 8th day.

TL;DR: It may be postulated, therefore, that the hepatoprotective effect of certain components isolated from Fructus Schizandrae as well as DDB is due to their inhibitory effect on CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation and the binding of CCl 4-metabolites to lipids of liver microsomes.

TL;DR: Analysis of extracts of uterine fluid obtained on day 12 showed that hydroxylated, methyl sulphone and conjugated metabolites were present in the fluid and the unchanged triCB could not be detected in the extracts of the fluid.

TL;DR: High performance liquid chromatography was used to follow the kinetics of the alkaline induced opening of the imidazole ring of 7-methyl-guanosine (7-meGuo) and demonstrated that the enzyme excises formylated rom7Gua from DNA analysis by NMR showed that there are two signals assignable to methyl protons and two to formyl protons.

TL;DR: Most of protein-bound radioactivity is located in the mass range between 47 000 and 54 000 daltons, indicating that cytochrome P-450PB is the isoenzyme mainly responsible for CC14-activation; cyto chrome P- 450MC plays virtually no role in metabolic activation.

TL;DR: DNA that had been reacted in vitro with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (cisplatin) had the same frequency of interstrand cross-linking as that found in the DNA isolated from cells in culture immediately after their treatment with cisplatin.

TL;DR: The data provide further support for a role for poly( ADP-ribose) in DNA repair, but indicate that metabolic factors may modify the effectiveness of individual inhibitors of poly(ADP- ribose) polymerase in different cell lines.

TL;DR: The data suggest that both conjugates are formed via bromobenzene 3,4-oxide and that their formation requires in liver cytosol.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that mitochondria can bioactivate benzene to a toxic metabolite which binds to DNA and results in an inability of mitochondrial RNA polymerase to transcribe the genome which subsequently result in an inhibition of translation.

TL;DR: The high cytotoxicity of NNM was matched by its ability to induce DNA interstrand cross-links: at concentrations and treatment times producing equal cell killing, 4-OOH-CP and NNM produced the same extent of cross-linking and DNA fragmentation.

TL;DR: Evidence is presented that GSH reacted with an intermediate resulting from a cytochrome P-450-dependent oxidation of the N-methyl substituent that is presumed to be either an N- methylol or a methimine derivative of AB.

TL;DR: High performance liquid chromatography revealed that the alkaline generated products consist predominantly of two forms of ring opened 7-methylguanine (rom7Gua) in equal amounts.

TL;DR: Cysteine was found not to inhibit microsomal metabolism of ronidazole ruling out a decrease in the rate of production of the reactive metabolite(s) as the mechanism of cysteine inhibition.

TL;DR: Among these compounds, Sin B, Sin C, Sol B and DDB significantly increased rat liver cytochrome P-450 concentration, NADPH-cytochrome c reductase, benzphetamine and aminopyrene demethylase activities and markedly stimulated proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum of liver cells.

TL;DR: The (R)- and (S)-isomers of the male antifertility agent alpha-chlorohydrin have been synthesized as discussed by the authors, and when administered to rats, the (R)isomer induced a period of diuresis and glucosuria, whereas the (S-)isomer had no detrimental action on the kidney.