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Showing papers in "Chemico-Biological Interactions in 1989"


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Three models of free radical-induced cell injury are presented and, at least in the menadione-induced cytotoxicity, lipid peroxidation is not involved.

378 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: An intact cell, the human eosinophil, was shown to generate detectable amounts of singlet oxygen, which suggests that singlets oxygen may be shown to be a significant biochemical intermediate in a few biological processes.

254 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This paper reviews the sources of oxygen radicals in the CNS, their effects on cerebral vessels and on brain and spinal cord parenchyma, and the evidence which implicatesoxy radicals in various pathological conditions of the CNS.

214 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is proposed that the hydroxyl radical may not be involved in the peroxidation of membrane lipids, but instead lipid peroxidated requires both Fe2+ and Fe3+.

193 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The combination of DT diaphorase and SOD is an efficient system for maintaining cDAoQ in its fully reduced state, a prerequisite for detoxication of the quinone by conjugation with sulfate or glucuronic acid.

177 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The kidney content of non-protein sulfhydryls of CD rats produced by the effective dose of glutathione was markedly higher than that found in the mouse treated with the same dose, which is consistent with a differential protection provided by glutATHione against cisplatin-induced renal toxicity in these species.

154 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results from this study offer the first direct evidence for the formation of the suspected ultimate carcinogen, BaPDE, in liver of English sole exposed to BaP in vivo and thus support the hypothesis that exposure to PAHs is an important factor in the etiology of hepatic neoplasms in English sole from contaminated sites.

116 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: In both hereditary hemochromatosis and in the various forms of secondary hemochROMatosis, there is a pathologic expansion of body iron stores due mainly to an increase in absorption of dietary iron.

115 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The reaction of the sulphate form of each of these three isomers with DNA has been characterized as a possible explanation for the apparent differences in antitumor activity and it is suggested that the interaction of these adducts with metabolic processes such as DNA repair might explain these differences.

107 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This review examines the formation of free radical intermediates from a number of clinically active antitumor agents including quinone-containing antibiotics and etoposide, finding that these reactive species kill tumor cells by causing damage to DNA, membranes or enzymes.

103 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It was possible to suppress the cytotoxicity of zinc by increasing the concentration of either Fe2+ or Ca2+ but not Mg2+, which suggests that a prerequisite for the toxic action of zinc is entry into cells using channels that are shared with iron or calcium.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The ability to chelate Cu(II) ions is seen to be of the order: purine > purine ribonucleotides, purine nucleoside > pyrimidine ribon nucleotides.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Details of altered characteristics of dystrophic muscle, in combination with current knowledge on the processes of oxidative damage to cells, may provide some insight into the underlying biochemical defect responsible for the disease as well as direct research towards the ultimate goal of an effective treatment.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: MMC-dependent DNA damage (alkylation and DNA DSB) and the stimulation of oxy-radical formation may play critical roles in the determination of MMC-induced cell killing.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The protection against in vitro microsomal lipid peroxidation by cysteamine was not reduced after in vivo lipid per oxidation induced by CC14, suggesting that even after the process of lipid perOxidation has been started, administration of cysteamines might still be beneficial.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A variety of chemical families of mycotoxins are discussed from the point of view of structure-activity relationships, and structurally related families comprise small lactones, macrocyclic lactone, isocoumarin derivatives, aflatoxins and related compounds trichothecenes.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Results presented here indicate that the effects of various alkoxyacetic acids on rat erythrocytes are qualitatively similar and comprise early swelling followed by hemolysis, which suggests that the presence and position of the ether linkage, as it is in BAA, are critical for the development of hematotoxicity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The failure of acetaminophen to increase the hepatic content or biliary efflux of GSSG in ICR mice is not consistent with the view that oxidant stress mechanisms cause the damage, despite the increases in alkanes expired after acetaminphen administration in this specific animal model.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results of these experiments demonstrate that macrophage peroxidase catalyzes the metabolic oxidation of hydroquinone to 1,4-benzoquinone and that 1, 4-benzaldehyde and/or its semiquinone intermediate are binding to protein and cysteine.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Data provided provide a greater understanding of the mode of activation of oxygen by the various families of the cytochromes P-450, and to the insertion of active oxygen into the substrates, and mechanisms of the different types of oxidative metabolism are presented.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: It is concluded that (at least) two types of protein thiol modifications can occur after exposure of hepatocytes to toxic compounds: one due to interaction of endogeneously generated lipid peroxidation products withprotein thiols, which is not reversible by the action of DTT, and one due of a disulfide interchange between disulfides like DSF and protein thiola, which can be reversed by theaction of D TT.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This work suggests that the Mn catalyzed increase in DA auto-oxidation could be linked mechanistically to the appearance of Mn-induced neurotoxic effects.

Journal ArticleDOI
Edward G. Janzen1, Jandrisits Lt1, Shetty Rv1, D. L. Haire1, J. W. Hilborn1 
TL;DR: A detailed description of the numerous procedures and precautions necessary to obtain DMPO of very high 'chemical' and (most importantly) 'EPR' purity for use in biological spin trapping is provided.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The sensory irritation effect was found to be an important part of the odour sensation, also below the TLVs, and the trigeminal and pulmonary receptors are believed to be activated directly by the amines, andThe receptor environments are thought to be lipophilic.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The levels of glutathione adducts added exogenously to hepatocytes were relatively stable over a 120-min incubation suggesting that although further metabolism of naphthalene oxide glutathienes formed intracellularly is possible, extracellular glutathion adductS cannot penetrate the hepatocellular membrane.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Fluorescence titrations evaluated as Scatchard plots show that both ellipticine and compound 3b (Scheme I) bind to the nucleic acids according to a non-cooperative neighbor exclusion model.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The results suggest the involvement of liver microsomal cytochrome P-450 in the bioactivation of R(+)-pulegone to reactive metabolite(s) which might be responsible for covalent binding to macromolecules resulting in toxicity.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: When 7-methylguanine-containing DNA was treated in alkali to cause imidazole ring-opening, two products were liberated by boiling the DNA solution and two isomers had an identical molecular weight and fragmentation pattern, consistent with a structural assignment as N5-methyl-N5-formyl-2,5,6-triamino-4-oxopyrimidine.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: Quinones form a class of compounds from which a selective in vivo inhibitor of the GST might be developed, and differential sensitivities of individual isoenzymes indicates that this residue is more accessible and/or easier modified in isoenzyme 3-3 than in any of the other isoenZymes tested.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The reduction of hexavalent chromium by rat liver microsomes was studied and a 60% higher reduction rate of Cr(VI) by isolated hepatocytes was found during anaerobic in comparison with aerobic conditions.