Showing papers in "Chemico-Biological Interactions in 2006"

TL;DR: This review examines the evidence for involvement of the oxidative stress in the carcinogenesis process and the role of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants in the process of carcinogenesis as well as the antioxidant interactions with various regulatory factors.

TL;DR: A novel nomenclature and classification of mammalian carboxylesterases on the basis of molecular properties is proposed to allay the confusion of the classic classification of car boxylesterase isozymes.

TL;DR: The present paper offers an update on the genotoxic status of OTA, which is still controversial because contradictory results were obtained in various microbial and mammalian tests, notably regarding the formation of DNA adducts.

TL;DR: This review focuses on their essential role in maintaining mitochondrial function and on how mitochondria are compromised by a deficiency of any B vitamin.

TL;DR: Overexpression of the cDNA for the DIC and OGC in a renal proximal tubule-derived cell line showed that enhanced carrier expression and activity protects against oxidative stress and chemically induced apoptosis, having implications for development of novel therapeutic approaches for treatment of human diseases and pathological states.

TL;DR: Molecular evidence associated with the anti-metastatic effects of peonidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin3-gl Sucoside, major anthocyanins extracted from black rice, are provided by showing a marked inhibition on the invasion and motility of SKHep-1 cells in vivo.

TL;DR: The multiple mechanisms of mitochondrial permeabilization may explain diversities in the response of mitochondria to numerous apoptotic stimuli in different types of cells.

TL;DR: The current state of knowledge is covered and where this research field is heading is suggested so as to better understand the role vitamin Bs play in cellular function and intermediary metabolism as well as molecular, cellular and clinical consequences of vitamin deficiency.

TL;DR: The mitochondrial-lysosomal axis theory of aging is proposed, according to which mitochondrial turnover progressively declines with age, resulting in decreased ATP production and increased oxidative damage.

TL;DR: It is suggested that silymarin suppresses N-nitrosodiethylamine induced hepatocarcinogenesis by modulating the antioxidant defense status of the animals and supports the chemopreventive action of the sily marin against NDEA administration during liver cancer progression.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors considered oxidative stress as a disruption of mitochondrial redox circuitry rather than an imbalance of oxidants and antioxidants and proposed a hypothesis that superoxide is not merely a byproduct of electron transfer but rather is generated by the mitochondrial respiratory apparatus to serve as a positive signal to coordinate energy metabolism.

TL;DR: The present review attempts to exhaustively cover and discuss studies that have focused on characterizing some of the pharmacological properties that may arise from the free radical-scavenging properties of boldine, placing particular attention on research conducted during the last decade.

TL;DR: Cholesterol depletion reduced the efficiency of the antioxidant power of both flavonoids against oxidative damage induced in the erythrocyte membrane, while a stronger degree of protection of GSH and hemoglobin contents was observed, mainly in the presence of rutin.

TL;DR: Green tea by providing a competent antioxidative mechanism ameliorates the oxidative stress in the aorta and heart of diabetic rats and suggests that green tea may provide a useful therapeutic option in the reversal of oxidative stress induced cardiac dysfunction in diabetes mellitus.

TL;DR: It was interesting to observe that during combined exposure the toxic effects were less pronounced compared to the effects of arsenic or fluoride alone, and in some cases antagonistic effects were noted following co-exposure to arsenic and fluoride.

TL;DR: The results suggest that the combination treatment provided antioxidant defense with strong chemopreventive activity against the genesis of DMBA-induced mammary tumors in Wistar rats.

TL;DR: The results indicate both that HepG2 cells and primary human hepatocytes are sensitive to the cytotoxic effects of fipronil and caspase-3/7 in concurrence with compromised ATP production and viability are attributed to apoptotic cell death.

TL;DR: The investigation demonstrated that luteolin similar to PD98059, which acts as a specific inhibitor of MEK, an up stream kinase regulating ERK1/2, and wortmannin, a PI3K inhibitor, inhibited the invasiveness induced by HGF.

TL;DR: In vivo protective effects of LQ efficaciously protects the liver from acute injuries induced by APAP or from APAP-induced severe injuries during GSH deficiency, indicating that LQ is one of the principal cytoprotective components comprised in G. radix.

TL;DR: Although Pgp has been considered until now as the sole active transporter for this drug, the MRPs should be taken into account for the transport of ivermectin across cell membrane, modulating its disposition in addition to Pgp.

TL;DR: It is suggested that diphenyl diselenide can be considered an anti-diabetogenic agent by exhibiting anti-hyperglycemic and antioxidant properties.

TL;DR: The catalytic mechanisms of CL oxidation by the peroxidase activity of cyt c as well as the role of oxidized CL (CLox) in the release of pro-apoptotic factors from mitochondria into the cytosol are discussed.

TL;DR: Reduced neutrophil infiltration, antiapoptotic and antioxidant action have a pivotal role in the gastroprotective effect of CQE.

TL;DR: Observations reveal that arachidonic acid can defense against oxidative stress by boosting the internal antioxidant system of hippocampal slices by improving the activities of Cu/Zn-SOD in hippocampusal slices after 1h incubation.

TL;DR: The results indicate that zinc toxicity -- at higher levels -- may be connected to a strong inhibition of GR activity, and related to the pro-oxidative state found.

TL;DR: The results suggest that eugenol may protect against the oxLDL-induced dysfunction in endothelial cells, and inhibition of reactive oxygen species generation, intracellular calcium accumulation, and the subsequent mitochondrial membrane potential collapse are suggested.

TL;DR: Pre-disposing tumors to increased chemo-sensitivity through nutritional intervention with specific fatty acids has the potential to improve patient response to chemotherapy with fewer untoward side effects if these pre-clinical findings carry over into a clinical setting.

TL;DR: This study points out the involvement of CAT activity in 2-NP-induced acute liver damage and suggests that the post-treatment with diphenyl diselenide was effective in restoring the hepatic damage induced by 2- NP.

TL;DR: Evidence is provided for the suppressive effect of W. somnifera root powder by retarding amplification and propagation of the inflammatory response without causing any gastric damage.

TL;DR: The evidence that mitochondria do indeed accumulate iron in several genetic disorders, and are a direct target for iron toxicity when it is present in excess, is discussed.